物物交换经济

After contrastive research on correlative monetary theories, we will draw conclusions that money was consequentially created is not only for overcoming the difficulty of labour exchange, but for meeting the need of a demand which possess integrated monetary fuctions .

货币理论应以货币职能的研究为基本点，货币的产生应该源于经济对具有货币职能的物质载体的需求，在分工和私有产权制度下，货币的产生除了为了克服物物交换的不便外，还有为同时满足经济对其他货币职能的需求。

In fact, in a barter economy that had only 100 goods, there would be 4,950 prices without money.

事实上，在只有100种物品的物物交换的经济中，没有货币，将会出现4950种价格。

Consider a barter economy in which a potter wants to buy a pizza.

让我们看看一种陶工想买比萨饼的物物交换的经济。

In a barter economy, goods are exchanged for goods directly without using money.

在一个以物易物经济里，人们以货物直接交换货物，没有人使用货币。

After basic exchange came into existence, more complex forms developed beyond a basic barter economy, and new forms of risk manifested.

在最基本的交易出现之后，更为复杂的交易形式在物物交换经济的基础上产生，新的风险形式也应运而生。

Rather than having to quote rate of exchange for each good in terms of every other good, as was the case in the barter economy, the price of everything could be measured in terms of corn.

与以物易物的经济不同，那时每种货物都必须用其他货物标出它的交换率，而现在任何东西都可以用玉米计价。

The time spent trying to exchange goods or services is called a transaction cost, In a barter economy, transaction costs are high because people have to satisfy a "double coincidence of wants"---they have to find someone who has goods or service they want and who also wants the goods or service they have to offer.

在从事商品和劳务交易时所花的时间叫做交易成本。在物物交换的经济中，交易成本很高，因为人们必须满足需求的双重巧合。即他们必须找到某个人拥有自己想要的商品和劳务，而且恰恰需要自己提供的商品和劳务。

The article from trade the angle of means, discussed trade the process of historical gradual progress that means develops, generalize market economy to be a foundation with barter, experienced " goods economy "," monetary economy ","Credit economy "," financial economy " the economic form of 4 phase.

本文从交易方式的角度，探讨了交易方式发展的历史演进过程，将市场经济概括为以物物交换为基础，经历了&商品经济&、&货币经济&，&信用经济&、&金融经济&四个阶段的经济形式。

In a barter economy it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming task.

根据原文的上下文，我们可猜测出barter economy就是&物物交换经济&，由此可知正确答案为C：货物被交换，而不是用货币。

With the change of money form, the rational behavior of economy participators have shown a fundamental change.

当货币的形态从物物交换、黄金一直演进到符号货币后，经济主体的理性行为发生了根本性的变化。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。