牙

Nevertheless, when Dr. McDermott is ready to start a patient on a bisphosphonate, he asks if a tooth extraction or dental implant is planned; if so, he'll wait to start the drug until after the procedure.

但每当McDermott博士准备对患者采取双磷酸盐治疗时，他都会询问患者是否有拔牙或种植牙的计划；如果有，他会等到患者完成拔牙或种植牙之后再开始使用双磷酸盐。

Two-stage placement of a dental implant is a well-established method for restoring a missing anterior tooth; however, replacement of an anterior tooth by using two-stage implant surgery may result in changes in the interdental papilla height and loss of alveolar bone with compromised esthetic results.

两阶段配售牙科种植体是一个行之有效的方法恢复丢失的前牙，但是，更换一个前牙采用两阶段植牙手术可能导致牙间乳头的改变高度和齿槽骨丧失影响美观的效果。

Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, China［ABSTRACT］ObjectiveTo evaluate the respective effect of tooth fixation by wire ligature, arch bar splint, and stainless wire enamel adhesion on loose teeth and to find a more effective and practical method for fixation of them.

摘要］ 目的比较金属丝结扎法、牙弓夹板法和钢丝釉质粘合剂法3种松牙固定方法在外伤严重松动或脱位牙固定中的疗效，探索一种更有效而实用的松动牙或脱位牙固定方法。

The posterior length of the dental arch changed significantly (P.001). The maxillary and mandibular arch shapes didn't change before and after treatment.

结果：上、下牙弓宽度在矫治前、后有显著差异(P.05)；上、下牙弓长度治疗前、后尖牙长度变化不明显，而第一磨牙长度具有显著性差异(P.001)；治疗前、后，上、下牙弓形状无明显变化。

Unilateral posterior crossbite is one of the most frequently occurring malocclusion in the mixed and early permanent dentitions.

混合牙列和早期恒牙列期单侧后牙反牙合是临床较常见得一类错牙合，绝大多数患者约80％伴有下颌偏斜，上下中线不齐。

Thirty-six rats ,weighing(250±10)g, were randomly divided into normal group, experimental group and control group.Orthodontical devices were put between the upper incisor teeth and dens molaris in both experimental group and control group.The corrective force was adjusted to 60g.Salvia miltiorrhiza combination was implanted to each rat in the experimental group every day.The animals of both experimental group and control group were killed at 7,14 and 21 days.The upper dens malarias and periodontal tissue slices were observed under the light microscope and transmission electro microscope,and the X-ray dental films were taken and measured with digitization dental scanning apparatus and its software.

以36只体重(250±10)g的雄性大鼠为样本，随机分为正常组、实验组和对照组，设定不同浓度丹参复合膜，以同体对照方式在正常组进行体内植入实验，在2周内观察不同浓度丹参的牙周组织诱导作用，寻找最佳应用浓度；在实验组和对照组的上切牙与磨牙之间隙安装正畸装置，建立大鼠磨牙移动实验模型，矫治力的大小为60g；实验组每日每只体内植入丹参复合生物膜，两组动物于正畸加力7、14、21d，分三批处死；处死后立即切取双侧上颌磨牙及牙周组织制取标本，制片透射电镜和光镜观察；拍摄X线牙片，用数字化牙科扫描仪及软件对其进行测量分析。

The corrective force was adjusted to 60g.Salvia miltiorrhiza combination was implanted to each rat in the experimental group every day.The animals of both experimental group and control group were killed at 7,14 and 21 days.The upper dens malarias and periodontal tissue slices were observed under the light microscope and transmission electro microscope,and the X-ray dental films were taken and measured with digitization dental scanning apparatus and its software.Result:The most fitting concentration of combined biological membrane was 0.80g;the speed of the remodeling of the periodontal tissue at the compression side in the experimental group was faster than that of the control group.

以36只体重(250±10)g的雄性大鼠为样本，随机分为正常组、实验组和对照组，设定不同浓度丹参复合膜，以同体对照方式在正常组进行体内植入实验，在2周内观察不同浓度丹参的牙周组织诱导作用，寻找最佳应用浓度；在实验组和对照组的上切牙与磨牙之间隙安装正畸装置，建立大鼠磨牙移动实验模型，矫治力的大小为60g；实验组每日每只体内植入丹参复合生物膜，两组动物于正畸加力7、14、21d，分三批处死；处死后立即切取双侧上颌磨牙及牙周组织制取标本，制片透射电镜和光镜观察；拍摄X线牙片，用数字化牙科扫描仪及软件对其进行测量分析。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes on the tongue movement during swallowing before and after orthodontic retraction of anterior teeth using ultrasound technique. The subject consisted of four men and nine women, with a mean age of 21.3 years old. The subjects were undergoing orthodontic treatment with extraction, and there were at least 3mm space left on each side between lateral incisors and canines.

在齿颚矫正治疗时，常常利用拔牙的方式让前牙往后方移动，而这样的移动是否会影响舌头的运动及功能则有待验证；本研究的目的是使用B+M模式口腔超音波防震扫描技术，去评估接受拔牙治疗之矫正患者，在前牙后退完成之后，舌头吞咽运动的时间和振幅是否会改变，并检测前牙距离、角度的改变比率和舌头吞咽运动改变比率之间的相关性。

IM: To investigate the effects of occlusal surface anatomy on stress distribution around apex in mandible.

目的：探明正常牙合与重度磨耗牙合两种不同牙合型时各牙根尖应力分布的特征，以期揭示牙的解剖形态及牙尖高度的改变对咬合力传导的影响规律。

Of resorption in vertical and horizontal direction.The purpose of this article is to get the average values and standard deviation of the alveolar ridge heights of the upper and lower central incisors and the first permanent molors in adult with normal occlusion by cep...

测量正常成年人60名的结果提示利用新定的标志和线距对无牙颌原有的上下中切牙和第一磨牙的位置有了确定的方法和数据，进而可测得无牙颌牙槽骨的吸收量，因而扩大了头影测量的临床应用范围。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。