牙

Results: After 6~7 months the dentures in crowded patients were arranged neatly, the upper first molars were moved 0.31mm mesially evenly, and the upper incisors were moved 0.20mm labially evenly.

结果：成人牙列拥挤患者6～7个月后牙列排齐整平，上颌第一磨牙向近中整体前移，其冠部平均前移了0.31mm，上颌切牙冠部向唇侧平均倾斜移动约0.20mm。

During en mass retraction of upper anterior teeth with straight wire technique, the length of anterior hook mainly influenced anteroposterior moving pattern of anterior teeth. As anterior hook increased from 0 to 6mm, labiolingual displacements of lateral incisor varied form lingual tipping to lingual translation and lingual controlling root movement, while 3-D displacements of other teeth only increased in account.

3直丝弓矫治技术整体内收上前牙时，牵引钩的长度主要影响前牙的矢状向位移方式：牵引钩长度增加至6mm的过程中，除侧切牙在唇舌向上由舌向倾斜运动变为舌向整体平移和舌向控根运动外，前牙的三维位移只有数量的增大，趋势基本保持不变。

After being loaded with horizontal retraction force at various height, displacement and stress distribution of anterior teeth was not well-distributed. Labiolingual displacement of incisors varied from crown lingual tipping to lingual translation and lingual controlling root movement, while canine mainly showed crown lingual tipping. The displacements of teeth increased with the length of hook but their moving tendency remained unchanged. Stress distribution in PDL was in accordance with teeth displacement.

2水平向后牵引力的作用点升高时，上前牙的位移和应力分布趋势各不相同：切牙的唇舌向位移由冠舌向倾斜逐渐变为舌向整体移动和舌向控根移动，尖牙则以冠舌向倾斜位移为主；前牙位移量随牵引力高度增加而增大，但位移趋势较为稳定；牙周膜应力分布与其位移趋势相一致。

The result manifest that characteristic of chin soft tissue profile of bony malocclusion of class I had bigger angle of chin-lip, shallower mentolabial furrow,smaller radian and larger convexity compared to that of bony malocclusion of class II, and smaller angle of chin-lip, deeper mentolabial furrow,larger radian and smaller convexity compared to that of bony malocclusion of class III.

测量结果显示：骨性II类错牙合颏部相对于正常牙合发育不足，颏唇角小，颏唇沟深，弧度较大，突度较小。而骨性III类错牙合相对于正常牙合颏部发育过度，颏唇角大，颏唇沟浅，弧度较小，突度较大。

When the proportion of force to moment is 1∶4.7, the canine will translational move distally. To reinforce anchorage with second molar can prevent anchorage teeth movement mesially during canine distal movement.

要使尖牙平行远中移动，远中牵引力与力矩的最佳比例为 1∶4.7；将第二双尖牙、第一、第二磨牙连成整体，可减小尖牙远中移动时的支抗消耗。

After 4~8 months, in adult bimaxillary protrusion patients, cuspids were moved to distal, the upper first molars were moved 1.12mm mesially evenly, and the upper incisors were moved 7.91mm palatelly evenly.

成人双颌前突患者在4～8个月后远移尖牙到位，拔牙间隙基本关闭，上颌第一磨牙为近中整体前移，其冠部平均前移了1.12mm，上颌切牙冠部平均向腭侧倾斜移动约7.91mm。

Eight pairs of twins were collected. Twin zygosity diagnosis were made by micrsatellite DNA polymorphism. The collected data included clinical oral examination and measurements of dental model. The heritability of tooth mesiodistal diameter, the length of dental arch and crowding factor were systematically analyzed.

以48对双生子作为研究对象，应用卵型鉴定技术分为单卵双生子组和二卵双生子组，采取牙牙合石膏模型并进行测量，获取牙齿近远中径大小、牙弓弧长及牙列拥挤度等数据；采用Holzinger经典双生子法计算遗传度。

Between extraction and nonextraction group, there are significant difference. Conclusion Howes'method is instructive for orthodontic treatment.

采用Howes法评估牙弓骨量与牙量对正畸临床的诊断和拔牙与非拔牙矫治设计有一定的指导意义。

Results showed sTGC-CM, which is similar with the effect of hTGC-CM, was able to induce human DPSCs to make odontoblastic changes as indicated by remarkable morphological changes, increased proliferation ability, higher multipotential and colony forming capability, and expression of some odontogenic markers in gene and protein levels,such as DSP, DSPP, DMP1, BSP, OCN, OPN.

结果表明：人牙髓干细胞经过一定时间的猪牙胚条件培养基诱导后，能在细胞形态上和细胞周期上发生改变，能具有更高的克隆形成能力和多向分化能力，能维持更好的干细胞特性，具有更强的增殖能力，表达更高水平的碱性磷酸酶，免疫组化和RT-PCR提示诱导后的牙髓干细胞能在蛋白水平和基因水平表达出一些牙向分化的标志，如DSP、DSPP、DMP1、BSP、OCN、OPN等。

Our data provided evidence that sTGC-CM held almost the same potential as hTGC-CM in inducing DPSCs to differentiate along odontogenic direction..

所得结果说明猪牙胚条件培养基拥有与人牙胚条件培养基一样的能力，诱导人牙髓干细胞向成牙方向分化。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。