爿

Fruit berrylike or drupe with evident fleshy mesocarp, undivided or divided at maturity into 2-4 mericarps; trees or shrubs.

果浆果状或核果具明显肉质中果皮，成熟时裂的不裂或进2-4分果爿；乔木或灌木 6

This species has distinctive mericarps that are blackish when ripe and that have long patent trichomes.

本种的分果爿很特别：当成熟时微黑，并具长的开展的毛。

Flowers small to medium-sized, bracteate and often bracteolate, bisexual or unisexual, actinomorphic or rarely zygomorphic, hypogynous to epigynous, floral cup shallow to urn-shaped, sometimes absent; sepals 4 or 5(–10), sometimes absent, imbricate, usually persistent; petals absent or 4 or 5, yellow, white, greenish or red, often ribbonlike and circinate in bud, caducous; stamens 4, 5, or many, free, rarely arranged in 2 whorls with the inner whorl staminodal, development of polyandrous androecia centripetal or centrifugal; anthers basifixed, thecae mostly bisporangiate, each opening by two valves or a simple longitudinal slit, or monosporangiate and opening by a single valve (Exbucklandia, Hamamelis and the genera of the S hemisphere), connective protruding; disk scales sometimes present between stamens and carpels.

花小对中型，具苞片和通常，萼片4或5(-10)，有时无，覆瓦状，通常宿存；花瓣无或者4-5，黄色，白色，带绿色或者红，通常在芽期带状的并且拳卷，早落；雄蕊4，5，或者很多，离生，很少2轮生并且退化雄蕊内部轮生，多雄蕊的雄蕊群向心或离花药基着大多为的囊bisporangiate，以二裂爿或一单纵裂缝每开阔的，花盘鳞片有时片在雄蕊和心皮之间存在。

Fruit obovoid, 5–6 × ca. 5 mm; dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform, closely spaced; lateral ribs broadly winged, wings ca. 1.5 mm wide, wider than width of mericarp body; vittae filiform, extending almost the length of the mericarp body, solitary in each dorsal furrow, 2 in each lateral furrow, 2–6 on commissure.

果倒卵球形， 5-6 *约5毫米丝状的背棱和中间棱，间隔紧密；侧棱具宽翅，翅约1.5毫米宽，宽于分果爿身体的宽度；油管丝状，几乎延长至分果爿身体的长度，1在每背面棱槽，2在每侧面棱槽，2-6在合生面上。

Ovary 5-10-loculed; ovules 1 per locule, pendulous; style branches as many as carpels; stigma capitate. Schizocarp ± disk-shaped or globose; mericarps (4-)5-10(-14), sculptured or smooth, sometimes partly membranous, mostly beaked, often with 1 or 2 apical awns, often minutely stellate puberulent, dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds 1 per mericarp, smooth, glabrous except sometimes for minute hairs around hilum.

子房5-10室；胚珠1每室，下垂；同数的花柱分枝心皮；柱头头状分果多少盘形或者球状的；分果爿(4-)5-10(-14)，种子1 每分果爿，平滑，无毛除有时在种脐周围具微小毛。

Young branchlets, leaves, and valves puce when dry; leaf blade papery to thinly leathery; valves rugose and curly when fruit ripe.

干燥时的幼枝，叶和裂爿紫褐色；叶片纸质的到薄革质；裂爿具皱纹和卷曲的果成熟时。

Ovary 5-loculed; ovules 1 per locule; style branches 10; stigmas capitate. Fruit a fleshy schizocarp, usually red, broader than long, ultimately drying and separating into mericarps; mericarps 5, indehiscent.

子房5室；胚珠1每室；花柱分枝10；柱头头状果肉质分果，通常红色，宽大于长，最后干燥和分成分果爿；分果爿5，不裂。

Capsule loculicidally dehiscent into 5 valves, valves woody or leathery, with silky wool inside.

蒴果室背开裂进5裂爿，裂爿木质的或革质的，在里面的具绢状的羊毛。

Fruit dehiscent silicles or rarely siliques, obpyriform, obovoid, or rarely linear, shortly stipitate; valves leathery, often with a prominent midvein, smooth, margins of 2 valves flattened and connate, apex abruptly caudate and extending 1-2 mm into style; replum rounded, concealed by connate margins of valves; septum complete; style 1.5-4 mm; stigma capitate, entire.

果开裂短角果或很少长角果，倒梨形，倒卵球形，线形的或很少，具短柄；裂爿革质，通常具一突出，平滑，边缘的扁平的2裂爿和，尾状的先端突然和把1-2毫米延长到花柱那里；假隔膜绕行，被合生的裂片边缘隐藏；隔膜完全；花柱1.5-4毫米；柱头头状，全缘。

Capsule puberulous, upper part dehiscent with 2-4 valves; valves held together apically by persistent part of style and stigma.

蒴果被微柔毛，上半部分具裂爿；裂爿在宿存深裂的花柱和柱头以前结合在一起顶部。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。