爱尔兰的

In "A Modest Proposal", by suggesting that poor Irish parents sell their one-year-old babies to the rich English lords and ladies as food, Swift is making the most devastating protest against the inhuman exploitation and oppression of the Irish people by the English ruling class.

在《一个小小的建议》中，通过建议穷困的爱尔兰父母卖掉他们易碎的婴儿给富有的英国君主夫妇以此来换取食物，斯威夫特对由英国统治阶级对爱尔兰人进行非人道的剥削和压迫。

Brummagem England was toppling already and her downfall would be Ireland, her Achilles heel, which he explained to them about the vulnerable point of Achilles, the Greek hero, a point his auditors at once seized as he completely gripped their attention by showing the tendon referred to on his boot.

英国徒有其表，已经摇摇欲坠了，最后会崩溃在爱尔兰手里。爱尔兰将是它的'阿戏留的脚踵'。他又就希腊英雄阿戏留那易受伤害的部位为他们做了一番解释。由于他隔着靴子指了指腱在哪儿，就完全吸引了听众的注意，从而大家也立即恍然大悟了。

According to the 1991 Northern Ireland census, there remained only 131,974 people, or about 8.8% of the population who could speak Gaelic, particularly on the southern and western regions of the country. The greatest urban concentration of Gaelic speakers, however, was in Belfast, where 27,430 were found. In second place with metropolitan Derry, with 9,731 people. In a few Local Government Districts, Gaelic speaks numbered 30% of the population, and even as high is more than 50%.

根据1991年的人口普查，目前北爱尔兰会说爱尔兰语的人数只有131，974，约8.8%，特别是在南区、以及西区，不过，人数最多的还是在贝尔法斯特，有27，430人，其次是在第二大都会区 Derry ，有9，731人；在一些「地方政府区域」，会讲爱尔兰语的人超过30%、甚至於一半以上。

Yet, thus far, Ireland has confounded the market doomsters by embarking on a draconian programme to tackle the debt, which includes large public sector pay cuts, and resolve the bad loan problems at its banks.

不过，爱尔兰随后出台了非常严厉的计划来解决债务，包括大幅削减公共部门工资，以及解决国内银行的不良贷款问题。迄今，爱尔兰击败了市场末日论者的预言。

Despite such official pressures, the language that is spoken universally in the Republic of Ireland is a version of standard English known as Hiberno-English.

尽管有官方的这些压力，如今在爱尔兰广泛使用的语言是标准英语的另一版本，被称为&爱尔兰英语&。

His major works and commissions include: ' Three Temperaments , for Big Choir ' (1986), ' Counterpoint of Times , for woodwind septet ' (1989), ' Wild Children , for mixed Chamber Ensemble ' (1993), ' Overture , for solo Chinese bass drum and Chinese winds and percussion band ' (1994), ' Intonation , for chamber orchestra ' (1990-1994), ' Flavour of Bashu , for two violins, piano and percussion ' (1995), ' Pole , for solo Chinese Yun-luo, Chinese pai-gu and Chinese bass drum with six percussionists ' (1996),commissioned by Japan Asian Percussion Ensemble, ' Symphonic Prelude --- Bashu Capriccio' (1996), 'The Song Without Words , for solo percussion ' (1997), commissioned by the Ministry of Culture of Japan, Japanese Contemporary Music Association, and Japanese Embassy in China,'Illusions of the Symphonic Stage of Tang Dynast y , for orchestra of Tang Dynasty, percussion, voices and a big choir '(1999), commissioned by Japanese No Music Guanshiliu Green Spring Association, Chinese Music Research Center in Japan, Japanese Asian Percussion Ensemble and Japanese-Chinese Cultural Exchange Association,'The Prospect of Colored Desert , for violin, cello, sheng, pipa and percussion '(2000),commissioned by Yo-Yo Ma, Silk Road Project Inc. of the U.S., Sony Record,'Three Movements of Autumn , for small Chinese instruments ensembl e'(2000) and ' Sound Games , for 5 Chinese Percussion Instruments Players ' (2000-01), commissioned by La Cité de la Musique, Paris "2000 Chinese Classical Music Series", ' Fusion I , for Mixed Chamber Ensemble ' (2002), commissioned by Holland New Ensemble and Atlas Ensemble, ' Fusion II , Concerto for Solo Chinese Percussion and Orch.' (2002), commissioned by Japanese–Chinese Committee of Friendship and Public Music Performance, and ' Fusion III , for Irish flute, accordion, bodhran, Chinese sheng, zheng, Percussion and 13 Strings with Chamber Choir.' (2003-04), commissioned by China-Ireland Exchange Program, ' The Three Images from Washing Painting , for chamber ensemble of 17 players '(2005) commissioned by the New Juilliard Ensemble for the special concert of the Juilliard Centennial and sponsored by Asian Cultural Council and the Guggenheim Partnership and 'The Butterfly Dream', new 7 scenes Opera inspired by KUN QU' (2007) commissioned by the Contemporary Legend Theatre, Taiwan etc.

主要作品及委约包括：《三种气质，无伴奏合唱》(1986)、《时间的对位，木管七重奏》（1989）、《野娃子，混合室内乐队与童声》(1993)、《对话，男声独唱，女高音，童声合唱团，混声合唱团与混合乐队》(1993-94)、《序鼓，独奏中国大鼓、排鼓、云锣与中国民间吹打乐队》（1994）、《吟，室内交响乐》（1990-1994）、《蜀韵，两支小提琴、钢琴与打击乐》（1995）、《极，独奏中国云锣、大鼓、排鼓与六位打击乐演奏家》（1996）、《巴蜀随想，交响序曲》（1996）、《无词歌，打击乐独奏》（1997）（日本国文化厅、日本现代音乐协会、日本国驻中国领事馆等联合委约）、《梦的交响舞台，唐代乐队，打击乐，人声与合唱团》（1999）（日本能乐观世流绿泉会、日本中国音乐勉强会、日本亚洲打击乐团、日中文化交流协会等联合委约）、《舞蹈组曲，大型管弦乐队》(1999)、《漠墨图，小提琴、大提琴、笙、琵琶与打击乐》（2000）（马友友、美国丝绸之路文化发展公司、日本Sony唱片等联合委约）、《秋三阕，9位中国乐器演奏家》（2000）、《响趣，5位中国打击乐器演奏家》（2000）（法国巴黎音乐城&2000中国古典音乐系列音乐会&委约）、《融I ，混合室内乐团》（2002）（荷兰 New Ensemble， Atlas Ensemble联合委约）、《融II ，打击乐协奏曲》（2002）（日本日中友好音乐公演委员会委约）、《融III ，爱尔兰笛子、手风琴、巴朗鼓，中国笙、筝，打击乐，13件弦乐器以及室内合唱团》（2003-04）（爱尔兰国家文化委员会、爱中2004文化交流年组委会委约）、《水墨画意三则，为17位演奏家的室内乐团》（2005）（美国朱丽亚音乐学院新室内乐团委约，美国亚洲文化基金会和美国古根海姆基金支助）及《梦蝶，七场新昆剧》（2007）等。

From 1541, when the House of Tudor's King Henry VIII visited Ireland, up until the mid nineteenth century, the Irish language, or Gaelic, was regarded as the language employed by native Irish rebels, and Britain did all in its power to suppress and ban use of that language.

从都德王朝的亨利八世君临爱尔兰(1541)到十九世纪为止，爱尔兰语被当作是当地叛乱份子的所使用的语言，英国费尽心思加以打压、查禁。

From 1541, when the House of Tudor's King Henry VIII visited Ireland, up until the mid nineteenth century, the Irish language, or Gaelic, was regarded as the language employed by native Irish rebels, and Britain did all in its power to suppress and ban use of that language. Thus, by 1713, nearly all

从都德王朝的亨利八世君临爱尔兰(1541)到十九世纪为止，爱尔兰语被当作是当地叛乱份子的所使用的语言，英国费尽心思加以打压、查禁。

Though I knew it would infuriate the British and strain our most important transatlantic alliance, I had become convinced that the United States, with its huge Irish diaspora, including people who funneled money to the Irish Republican Army, might be able to facilitate a breakthrough.

尽管我知道这将激怒英国人，使得我们与大西洋彼岸重要的盟国关系紧张，但我相信，由于美国拥有众多的爱尔兰移民，包括一些秘密资助爱尔兰共和军的爱尔兰裔，也许能够促使形成一个突破口。

Irish whiskey have an understanding of the most unique and strong and the faint sweetness of incense, a transfer into the Irish whiskey and coffee, more coffee will come out as a foil to the sweet and sour taste.

爱尔兰人最了解威士忌拥有一股独特而浓烈的薰香和淡淡甜味，一威士忌调成的爱尔兰咖啡，更能将咖啡的酸甜味道衬托出来。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。