爆炸的

The results indicate that: the cavity radius becomes stable at approximately 6000μs;the blasting pressure waves mainly are transmitted horizontally;the peak pressure has a negative logarithm relationship with distance perpendicular to the charging bisector;and the valid influence area r.

应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元程序对条形装药黄土地基中爆炸过程进行了三维数值模拟，发现在6000μs爆炸空腔已基本稳定，条形装药爆炸产生的压力波以水平方向传播为主，装药中垂线方向爆炸产生的峰值压力与离中垂线距离呈负对数关系，土的有效影响范围半径大约为爆炸后形成的空腔半径的4倍。

Methods The rabbit model of maxillofacial blast injury was made by KTY-04 blasting cap.

采用改进的家兔颌面部爆炸伤动物模型，以KTY-04型雷管为爆炸源，复制颌面部爆炸损伤。

On the basis of the introduction and analysis of the history, current situation and development of explosive synthesis of superhard materials, the mechanism and technology of diamond and dense boron nitride synthesis by shock compression and some explosive mechanics problem in explosive synthesis have been studied systematically in this research.

本文在对超硬材料爆炸合成研究的历史、现状及发展趋势进行评介、总结与分析的基础上，以金刚石、高密相氮化硼为研究对象，对爆炸合成理论与技术，以及爆炸合成中所涉及的一些爆炸力学理论问题进行了较为系统的研究。其主要研究成果如下

Theoretical Part: Through theoretical analysis of chemothermodynamics, combustion and engineering thermodynamics, factors that affect explosion limit were determined, which include temperature, pressure, spark ignition energy, electrode shape, direction of flame propagation and size of explosion vessel.

理论部分：根据化学热力学、燃烧学和工程热力学的基础理论，从本质上定性地分析了爆炸极限的影响因素，包括温度、压力、爆炸容器的大小、点火能量大小、以及火焰传播方向等，得出了这些影响因素对爆炸极限的影响规律，以确保实验有完整的理论基础指导；在此基础上本文提出了一种新的推算在常温常压下可燃性纯质和混合工质制冷剂爆炸极限浓度的理论方法，该方法由可燃性气体的化学组成来推算上下限浓度，不需要其它条件；对混合工质制冷剂，只要再知道混合配比，即可以推算出爆炸极限，使预测爆炸极限的工作更简单、方便。

A second explosion less than an hour afterwards happened at the Park Kultury station killing 12, Russian news agency Tass reported.

第二次的爆炸在一个小时之后，爆炸威力小于第一次，这次爆炸发生在Kultury 公园站，俄罗斯塔斯社通讯报道。

The finer sizes have lower minimum explosible concentrations and higher explosion intensity. When particle sizes of coal dust are less than 75 μm,minimum explosible concentrations and explosion intensity approach a limiting value. In the concentration range measured ( less than 700 g/m3), maximum explosion pressures, maximum rates of pressure rise and explosion indices increase along with the increase of coal dust concentrations. Explosion intensity rapidly enhances along with ignition energy augmenting. Explosion reaction is weak while ignition energy is less than 1 kJ.

煤粉越细，其爆炸下限越低，爆炸烈度越大，但煤粉细到75 μm以下后，这种变化趋势趋缓；在所测浓度范围内(小于700 g/m3)，最大爆压、最大压力上升速率和爆炸指数均随煤粉浓度增大而增大；爆炸烈度随点火能增大而迅速增强，点火能小于1 kJ时各煤样在不同浓度的爆炸都很微弱。

Combined with indoor experiments and concrete blasting engineering projects and according to the theories of elastics, dynamic waves and dynamic fracture mechanics, this chapter thoroughly discussed the influence of rock structure on energy distribution of explosive charge, stress wave and blasting results.

岩体对爆炸荷载反作用的研究：从辩证法的角度出发，提出了爆炸荷载与岩体之间是一种作用与反作用的关系，结合室内实验和具体的工程爆破实践，依据弹性理论、断裂力学理论和波动理论，详尽地讨论了岩体结构面对爆炸能量分布的影响、岩体结构面对爆炸应力波的反作用和岩体结构面对爆炸效果的影响等问题。

On the basis of referring the foreign and domestic literatures and systematically generalizing the former research results, firstly, from the adsorption gas, coal spontaneous combustion and the heat resolves, thesis analyzes the ignitable gas occurrence. Secondly, though the experiment station of coal spontaneous combustion, thesis obtains the critical temperature 60 ℃～ 100 ℃, splits temperature 100℃～ 150 ℃, the fission temperature 150℃～ 180 ℃ and the speed-up temperature 210℃～ 250 ℃ and ignitable gas release rules in the several temperatures sections according to the results. Finally according to fire resource and the catastrophe theory, ignitable gas explosion characteristic and the influence factors have been conducted of the qualitative investigation and the quantitative determination. The gas explosion control technologies are put forward. It has built the certain foundation for the effective prevention gas explosion accident occurrence.

本论文采用理论分析和实验模拟相结合的综合研究方法，首先从煤层吸附瓦斯、煤氧复合过程及煤高温热解三方面对采空区可燃性气体的产生进行分析；其次通过对大型煤自然发火实验测试台的应用，根据实验结果得到临界温度60℃～100℃、干裂温度100℃～150℃、裂变温度150℃～180℃和增速温度210℃～250℃等几个温度段的可燃性气体释放规律；最后根据爆炸引火源，结合瓦斯爆炸流变-突变理论，对可燃性气体爆炸特性及影响因素进行了定性研究和定量测定，提出瓦斯爆炸事故的控制对策，为有效预防瓦斯爆炸事故的发生打下了一定的基础。

Using Field single ignition experiments of the four unconfined volume dispersion and small dosage solid FAE and TNT bombs experiments, we got the peak overpressures of solid FAE at different distances. Compared with TNT, The overpressure of FAE is 1.14~1.6 times higher than that of the TNT. Based on the theory of the air shock wave overpressure, the FAE relativity TNT mass is evaluated. At the edge of the explosive field, the number is 3.88. Pictures of high speed photography indicate that the duration and the most effect area of the FAE and TNT. Compared with TNT, obviously the FAE has more advantages. And, based on the theory of the critical concentration of dust explosion, the radius of dust explosive zone is evaluated. The phenomenon that the overpressure decays rapidly with distance is analyzed. It is suggested that the explosive temperature should be increased as the main approach to improve the FAE explosive capability in the condition when the over pressure is invariable.

通过四组无约束固态燃料空气炸药装置与等质量的TNT在野外开放空间的一次起爆对比实验，测得了不同配方组份FAE装置在不同距离的爆炸超压分布，FAE装置峰值超压比相同距离的TNT高1.14-1.6倍；并运用空气冲击波峰值超压公式计算出了FAE的等效爆炸TNT当量随距离的变化关系，在爆炸场边缘区，FAE装置爆炸当量达到了3.88倍TNT当量；通过高速摄影的图片得到了爆炸产生火球的持续时间和最大作用范围，与等质量TNT爆炸火球相比，FAE的优势明显；运用粉尘爆炸下极限浓度估算了云雾爆轰区半径，并分析了测量到的固态FAE爆炸场的压力分布单调衰减的原因；建议在保持超压不变的情况下，把提高爆温作为提高FAE爆炸性能的主要途径。

Its working principle is introduced here: when a gas or powder starts a flame or explosion, the ultraviolet sensor will acquire the signal and sent it to the controller to produce the trigger voltage, and then the explosive suppressor will release a great number of gas promptly spraying dry powder extinguishing agents, which thereby form extinguishing agent smoke and effectively extinguish explosion flame. It is rapid and of strong antiinterference ability, high reliability and can be fixed easily. It is capable of effectively suppressing natural gas explosion in the simulative gas explosion test. It can be applied in CNG stations or other site where has explosive and combustible gas whereby to enhance the overall accident control ability.

当发生气体燃烧、爆炸时，紫外传感器接收火焰信号，传送至控制器，控制器产生触发电压，使抑爆器的产气剂释放出大量气体，驱动快速喷撒出干粉灭火剂，形成足够浓度的灭火剂粉雾体，有效扑灭爆炸火焰，具有动作速度快、抗干扰能力强、可靠性高、安装使用方便等优点，在天然气模拟爆炸试验中能有效抑制天然气爆炸，可用于CNG加气站或其他燃烧爆炸性气体场所，提高其整体防灾抗灾能力。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷