燃素

He stated the first version of the Law of Conservation of Matter, recognized and named oxygen (1778), disproved the phlogiston theory, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature.

他是第一个定义质量守恒定律的人，1778年时发现并命名了"氧"，驳斥了燃素论，对于化学名称规范化也起了很大的作用。

Most of us are realists about tables, chairs, mountains, and galaxies, but not about ghosts, witches, or phlogiston.

我们大多都是关于桌子、椅子、高山、银河系等的实在论者，但不是鬼、巫、燃素等的实在论者。

As a matter of fact, Priestley defended the phlogiston theory right up to his death.

事实上，普里斯特利就终身辩护燃素理论。

We can ascribe to our fellow human beings intelligible thoughts and beliefs about phlogiston and witches, or ghosts and goblins, without having to suppose that there are any such things.

我们能够归诸如鬼、燃素等无需假设存在的东西之可理解的信念给某些人。

We could not find them to have beliefs about the colours of things in general—we could not ascribe to them beliefs with those contents—by explaining how they form those thoughts from other thoughts they have of things that are not colours, as we might do in the case of phlogiston or goblins.

我们不能发现他们持有关于颜色物的信念——我们不能归给他们具有那些内容的信念——通过解释他们如何从其他那些非颜色东西那里形成颜色信念，就如在燃素或妖精哪里。

States of mind and their properties are not theoretical posits like caloric, phlogiston, or the ether, but objects of direct experience (or better: experiences ).

心灵事态和它们的属性不是理论设定，就如热质、燃素、以太等，而是直接体验的对象。

Musgrave used Lakatos's methodology of scientific research programmes as the method of reconstruction, and presented the process of how did oxygen theory supplant phlogiston theory afresh.

马斯葛雷夫依据拉氏的科学研究方案为重建方法，将燃素论到氧气理论的取代过程重新呈现。

Alan Musgrave,'Why did Oxygen supplant Phlogiston?

艾伦马斯格雷夫，'为什么氧取代燃素？

Effectiveness in sparking combustion, he called the gas "dephlogisticated air,"

在点火燃烧计算其效能时，他称这种气体为&没有燃素存在的空气。&

By the phlogistic theory, chemistry for the first time emancipated itself from alchemy.

试译：借助于燃素说，化学第一次从炼金术的窠臼中翻身得解放。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。