燃料电池

The exchange film can be used in micro direct carbinol fuel battery with high stability good for reducing battery sizes to improve utility of micro liquid fuel materials.

使得用本发明进行改性处理的质子交换膜可用于微型直接甲醇燃料电池，可使微型甲醇燃料电池稳定性得到提高，有利于单体电池尺寸的进一步减小，促进微型液体进料直接甲醇燃料电池的实用化。

Gas diffusion layer is one of the most important components in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The contact resistance between current collector and gas diffusion layer is an important part of the total resistance of fuel cell and is also a key factor led to the power loss of PEMFC.

气体扩散层是质子交换膜燃料电池的重要组件，其与极板之间的接触电阻是燃料电池内阻的重要组成部分，也是导致燃料电池功率损失的重要因素。

Andrew Neilson of Ceramic Fuel Cells, which has deals with several European utilities to develop domestic fuel cells and has sold a few two-kilowatt units, points out that it is especially difficult to shrink all of the components needed to feed air and fuel to the cells and to extract energy from them.

陶瓷燃料电池有限公司与许多欧洲公用服务公司合作发展家用燃料电池，并已售出一些2千瓦的成品。来自该公司的安德鲁尼尔森指出压缩向电池输送空气和燃料并通过他们发电的必备设备极其困难。

It establishes the uniform, singular and two kinds of normal distributions models of diffusion layer statistical distribution, the result shows that the more singular the statistical distribution of the cathode gas diffusion layer porosity is, the better the cell performance is, and the more uniform, the worse the cell performance is.

最后，从热力学的角度分析了燃料电池过程的能量转化形式，反应的焓变主要转变成电能和热能两种能量形式；归纳了燃料电池电化学的一些基本理论模型及简单的推导过程；描述了燃料电池效率的一些不同的定义以及对采用热电联供的方式提高燃料电池能量利用效率的分析。

Dynamic response of direct methanol fuel cell is very important for the transportable applications.

直接甲醇燃料电池用作移动电源时，电池的动态响应特性特别重要。该文作者利用自行设计的直接甲醇燃料电池测试系统对一有效面积为 50cm2 的直接甲醇单体燃料电池的动态性能进行了实验研究。

The results show that when the cathode humidified temperature increase, the humidification of membrane and fuel cell performance improved at lower current density, while the saturation in diffusion layer increase and the performance decreases at higher current density. Humidification of membrane and fuel cell performance improved when the anode humidified temperature increase, the saturation in diffusion layer decrease and fuel cell performance improved when the fuel cell working temperature increase, the resistance of diffusion layer decrease and the performance improved when the porosity largen. At last, the simulation results are compared with the experimental results and they are basically the same.

结果表明随阴极加湿温度的提高，在低电流密度运行时膜的润湿条件改善，燃料电池性能提高，在高电流密度运行时扩散层中液态饱和度增加，燃料电池性能下降；随阳极加湿温度的提高，膜的润湿条件改善，燃料电池性能提高；随燃料电池运行温度的提高，扩散层中液态饱和度下降，燃料电池性能提高；随气体扩散层孔隙率增加，气体扩散层阻力减小，燃料电池性能提高。

In this paper, the general situation of the overseas applications of micro fuel cells is introduced in detail. The feasibility of micro fuel cells fabrication using MEMS technology and characteristics of different types of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are briefly discussed. Combining with the critical components including the monopolar plate and membrane electrode assembly, the latest research progress of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are also summarized systematically. Finally, the existing problems and development trend are analyzed, and the urgent demand for developing MEMS-based micro fuel cells in our country is demonstrated.

本文详细介绍了国外微型燃料电池的应用概况，简要论述了将MEMS技术应用于微型燃料电池制作的可行性以及MEMS微型燃料电池的类型特点，并结合关键组件极板和膜电极，系统地总结了近几年来MEMS微型燃料电池的研究进展和成果，最后分析了目前存在的问题和发展趋势以及我国大力发展MEMS微型燃料电池的迫切需求。

In this paper, the general situation of the overseas applications of micro fuel cells is introduced in detail. The feasibility of micro fuel cells fabrication using MEMS technology and characteristics of different types of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are briefly discussed. Combining with the critical components including the monopolar plate and membrane electrode assembly, the latest research progress of MEMS-based micro fuel cells are also summarized systematically. Finally, the existing problems and development trend are analyzed, and the urgent demand for developing MEMS-based micro fuel cells in our country is demonstrated. Contents

本文详细介绍了国外微型燃料电池的应用概况，简要论述了将MEMS技术应用于微型燃料电池制作的可行性以及MEMS微型燃料电池的类型特点，并结合关键组件极板和膜电极，系统地总结了近几年来MEMS微型燃料电池的研究进展和成果，最后分析了目前存在的问题和发展趋势以及我国大力发展MEMS微型燃料电池的迫切需求。

The method for starting the high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack preheats the stack through a heating block coupled to the stack, senses the temperature of the stack, compares the sensed temperature of the stack with a reference temperature, and supplies off-gas from the fuel reformer to the stack according to the results of comparison.

该启动高温聚合物电解质膜燃料电池堆的方法通过与电池堆相连的加热块预热电池堆，检测电池堆的温度，将检测到的电池堆的温度与参考温度进行比较，并根据比较结果向电池堆提供来自燃料重整器的废气。

They are particularly very promising energy storage systems to replace traditional secondary batteries for space application since URFCs have distinctive advantages over secondary batteries in that they are long-term energy storage systems with extreme high specific energy and without permanent losses by self discharge and capacity limit.

一体式可再生燃料电池是可再生燃料电池中最先进的一种，它是在同一组件上既可以实现燃料电池功能又可以实现水电解功能的储能和供电系统，具有能量密度高、使用寿命长、使用中无自放电且无放电深度及电池容量的限制等优点，是极有希望在空间、军事及可移动电源领域替代传统二次电池的储能系统。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。