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The welded pipe products is partitioned into five arrangements as per its characteristics and its six developing directions toward thin wall thickness,thick wall thickness,high accuracy,high grade,inside burr removal and anti-corrosion,etc.are analyzed.

我国中小直径焊管经过20世纪80~90年代的飞速发展，品种结构和应用领域已经有较大的改善，但是低压流体输送管、一般结构管比例较大，与焊管发达国家在锅炉、化工、油井、机械构件、高压流体输送用承压钢管和精密钢管领域不断扩大焊管的使用范围、提高高等级焊管使用数量方面存在一定的差距。

Our process capability: Plates: FR4, High TG FR4, high CTI FR4, high frequency materials, halogen-free materials, aluminum and other low-rise Materials :2-20 layer of finished copper thickness :0.5-5 OZ finished thickness: 0.2 -6.0mm Minimum line width: 3mil Minimum line spacing: 3mil smallest shape tolerances:+/-0.1mm minimum finished diameter: 0.1mm maximum thickness aperture ratio: 12:1 wide minimum solder bridge: 4mil characters minimum line width: 5mil Minimum height of characters: 30mil Solder Mask Color: Green, black, blue, white, yellow, purple characters such as color: white, yellow, black and other surface processes: spray tin, lead-free HASL, Electroless gold plating Shuijin, OSP, chemical Shen tin, silver and other chemicals Shen Process: Goldfinger, blue gum, Blind-via/Buried-via, characteristic impedance control, rigid-flexible combination of reliability testing such as: Open / Short testing, impedance testing, solderability testing, thermal shock testing, metallographic analysis of micro-slice curvature Isoptera: 0.7% flame retardant Level: 94V-0

我们公司的制程能力：板材：FR4、高TG FR4、高CTI FR4、高频材料、无卤素材料、铝基材料等层数：2-20层成品铜厚：0.5-5 OZ成品板厚：0.2-6.0mm最小线宽：3mil最小线间距：3mil最小外形公差：+/-0.1mm最小成品孔径：0.1mm最大板厚孔径比：12：1最小阻焊桥宽：4mil最小字符线宽：5mil最小字符高度：30mil阻焊颜色：绿色、黑色、蓝色、白色、黄色、紫色等字符颜色：白色、黄色、黑色等表面工艺：喷锡，无铅喷锡、化学沉金、电镀水金、OSP、化学沉锡、化学沉银等其它工艺：金手指、蓝胶、盲埋孔、特性阻抗控制、刚柔结合等可靠性测试：开/短路测试、阻抗测试、可焊性测试、热冲击测试、金相微切片分析等翅曲度：≤0.7%阻燃等级：94V-0

It is feasible to replace lap welding with butt welding to improve quality of mid-diameter spiral weld pipe.

用高频对接焊代替高频搭接焊是提高中直径螺旋焊管质量的可靠途径。

Since the welding torch pose has an important effect on the quality and appearance of weld seam, the optimization of welding torch pose fo...

鉴于焊炬姿态是影响弧焊质量和焊缝成形的一个重要因素，本论文对弧焊机器人空间全位置焊接条件下焊炬姿态的优化进行了系统的研究。

A new type of agglomerative flux for high speed submerged arc welding is developed,its welding speed can reach 80 m/h or even higher.

研制了一种新型的焊速可大于80m/h的高速埋弧焊烧结焊剂，并介绍了这种焊剂的性能。

The above results are of general importance and can be used to improve the solder joint reliability of surface mount components with castellated solder fillet, the design level and the manufacturing process in SMT.

本文研究从提高SMT焊点可靠性、提高组装密度和避免焊点缺陷的角度出发，对高可靠性SMT焊点形态的设计和评价建立了四点规则，对提高有边堡钎料圆角形态表面组装元件的焊点可靠性、提高SMT工艺设计水平具有普遍意义。

If fluxed parts are allowed to stand, the water in the flux will evaporate, and dried flux is liable to flake of exposing the metal surfaces to oxidation from the heat.

如果焊剂涂敷后过长时间没有进行铜焊操作，则焊剂中的水分就会蒸发，而干燥的焊剂很容易变成薄片脱落，而暴露的金属表面在加热时很容易被氧化。

The result of SSRT showed that the tensile strength in fusion zone of LBW weldment is higher than base metal, and the IGC in weld decay zone did not crack because of the stretch;IGC in fusion zone of GTAW weldment leads to early fracture, and the IGC in weld decay zone clearly stretched and cause the material to crack. Intergranular stress corrosion cracking in this section is still possible.

慢应变速率拉伸试验结果，LBW焊件之焊道强度高於母材，且於焊接衰化区所造成之沿晶腐蚀并未因拉伸造成开裂；GTAW焊件的焊道沿晶腐蚀导致断裂提早发生，且在焊接衰化区的沿晶腐蚀明显拉伸造成开裂情形，仍有在此区域发生沿晶应力腐蚀破坏的可能。

Roller contour of bonding pad roll for SSAW pipe unit has a sensitive effect on welded pipe forming and welding quality,improper roller contour may result the occurence of defects such as offset and crack of inside-welding.

螺旋焊管机组焊垫辊的辊面形状对焊管成型、焊接质量有较大的影响，不当的辊面形状有可能产生错边、内焊裂纹等缺陷。

ASTM B 813,"Liquid and Paste Fluxes for Soldering Applications of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube," limits the corrosivity of soldering fluxes and ensures that these fluxes are flushable in cold water, which facilitates easy removal of flux residue following installation.

美国材料实验协会ASTM B 813&铜和铜合金管道焊料应用中的液体和粘合焊剂&标准中，限制焊料焊剂的腐蚀性，确保这些焊剂能够被冷水冲刷掉，并且在以后的安装过程中焊剂残留容易被清除掉。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。