焊的

Focused on many problems existing in pressure control system of drilling pipe friction welding,such as high failure rate and poor amenability,the basic principles of friction welding and electro-hydraulic proportional technique were briefly described.

针对焊接钻杆连续驱动摩擦焊机采用开关阀组成压力控制系统存在故障几率高、可控性差等问题，将电液比例控制技术应用在摩擦焊压力控制中，实现了摩擦焊轴向压力闭环控制、滑台进给速度的开环控制；可对摩擦焊机主轴速度、轴向压力、轴向缩短量、主电机电流、油温等进行实时检测。

Through testing practically and calculating theoretically, this paper has evaluated generally the energy consumption of the SCR arc welding power source?the DC arc welding generator and the inverter arc welding power source for manual arc welding machine used in production.

通过实际测试与理论计算，对晶闸管整流电源弧焊机、直流弧焊发电机和逆变电源弧焊机等生产中常用的焊条电弧焊焊机的耗电量情况进行了综合评价。

The company owns a professional team of engineering technicians experienced in the research, design and development of welding equipment, complete processing and manufacturing facilities, advanced designing, testing and detecting means, specializing in the production of seven major categories, eighteen series and about one hundred models of welding equipment like various AC arc welders, DC arc welders, argon arc welders, CO2 gas welder, submerged arc welders, resistance welders and air plasma cut-off machines.

公司拥有一支多年从事焊接设备研究、设计、开发的专业工程技术人员队伍，具有完备的加工制造条件，先进的设计和试验检测手段，专业生产各类交流弧焊机、直流弧焊机、氩弧焊机、CO2气体保护焊机、埋弧焊机、电阻焊机、空气等离子切割机等七大类十八个系列近百个型号规格的焊接设备。

Is a company specializing in the production of electricity of standard parts, steel standard parts, automobile standard parts, standard parts pipeline, railway standard parts, the new GB standard parts, building standard parts, stainless steel fasteners, high-precision standard parts, high precision fasteners, non-standard fasteners, non-standard fasteners, standard 4.8, 8.8 standard parts, standard parts 10.9, 12.9 standard, GB standard, the new GB standard, British standard standard parts , American standard standard parts, standard parts de superscript, subscript day standard parts, construction fasteners, building hardware, light bolt, square head bolts, hexagon bolt, hexagon bolt big, hot hit bolts, steel bolts, GB30-76 bolts, 5781 Bolt, Bolt 5782, Bolt 5783, Bolt 5784, 5785 bolts, steel structure with high strength bolts connecting deputy, steel torsional shear type high strength bolts used to connect deputy, steel structure with high strength bolts connecting deputy, high-strength steel large hexagon head bolts to connect the Deputy, high strength bolts, tower bolts, rail bolt, wheel bolts, wheel screws, carriage bolts, head bolts, stainless steel bolts, screws Terrier reduction, four wire, to the foot silk, silk double-headed, square head silk, bucket-type wire, fish wire, oval wire, full-profile wire, hook the first wire, the back wire, live wire section, expansion of silk, silk expansion implosion, implosion-type expansion of silk, expansion bolts, railway screw, nut , self-locking nut, hexagonal nut, locknut, galvanized nuts, weld screws, arc stud welding with welding cylinder head screws, weld stud, weld nails without a head, cylinder head welding nails, pin, fastener, standard parts, Yamagata card, u-type cards, special bolts, special-shaped standard parts, special fasteners professional production enterprises.

河北冀南标准件有限公司是一家专业生产电力标准件，钢结构标准件，汽车标准件，管道标准件，铁路标准件，新国标标准件，建筑标准件，不锈钢标准件，高精度标准件，高精度紧固件，非标标准件，非标紧固件，4.8级标准件，8.8级标准件，10.9级标准件，12.9级标准件，国标标准件，新国标标准件，英标标准件，美标标准件，德标标准件，日标标准件，建筑扣件，建筑五金，光螺栓，方头螺栓，六角螺栓，大六角螺栓，热打螺栓，钢结构螺栓， GB30-76螺栓，5781螺栓，5782螺栓，5783螺栓，5784螺栓，5785螺栓，钢结构用高强度螺栓连接副，钢结构用扭剪型高强度螺栓连接副，钢结构用高强度螺栓连接副，钢结构用高强度大六角头螺栓连接副，高强度螺栓，铁塔螺栓，铁道螺栓，轮毂螺栓，轮毂螺丝，马车螺栓，沉头螺栓，不锈钢螺栓，缩梗螺丝，四角丝，地脚丝，双头丝，方头丝，斗型丝，鱼尾丝，鹅蛋丝，全纹丝，钩头丝，靠背丝，活节丝，膨胀丝，内爆膨胀丝，内爆式膨胀丝，膨胀螺栓，铁道螺钉，螺母，自锁螺母，六角螺母，防松螺母，镀锌螺母，焊钉，电弧螺柱焊用圆柱头焊钉，焊接螺柱，无头焊钉，圆柱头焊钉，销轴，紧固件，标准件，山形卡，u型卡，异型螺栓，异型标准件，异型紧固件的专业生产企业。

Flat Welding : choice of welding technology, electrode diameter, welding current, welding speed, the length of arc welding, weld process verification; Welding : welding inspection clearance groove, assembly space whether it meets the requirements, positioning it firmly welding, weld around is not oil, rust; Electrode temperature and baking time should be required, the rod removed from the oven. tempreture-constant drum on the electrode, then used as admission; Latin America : welding supply welding thickness, welding levels and electrode type and diameter, skil led welders and other factors, and to select appropriate welding current; fillet weld arc : fluctuations in the point arc weld end, they are advised more than 10 mm, is not hard arc, sparking arc weld zone from the electrode should be started immediately. Component integration and maintaining so-rod pieces have 2-4 mm gap arc.

1.1.2.1平焊：选择合适的焊接工艺，焊条直径，焊接电流，焊接速度，焊接电弧长度等，通过焊接工艺验证；清理焊口：焊前检查坡口、组装间隙是否符合要求，定位焊是否牢固，焊缝周围不得有油污、锈物；烘焙焊条应符合规定温度与时间，从烘箱中取出的焊条，放在焊条保温桶内，随用随取；焊拉电源：根据焊件厚度、焊接层次、焊条型号、直径、焊工熟练程度等因素，选择适宜的焊接电流；引弧：角焊缝起落弧点应在焊缝端部，宜大于10㎜，不应随便打弧，打火引弧后应立即将焊条从焊缝区拉开，使焊条块结合与构件间保持2～4㎜间隙产生电弧。

Arc cutting;Arc welding;Arc-welding equipment;Blowpipes;Burners;Construction requirements;Contact safety devices;Cutoff device;Cutting;Definition;Definitions;Dimensioning;Electric contact protection;Electrical engineering;Electrical safety;Equipment;Impact strength;Insulating resistance;MAG welding;Manual arc welding;Manual operation;Marking;MIG welding;Operating instructions;Plasma arc cutting;Plasma-arc welding;Protection against electric shocks;Protective measures;Safety engineering;Safety requirements;Specification;Temperature-rise tests;Test value;Testing;Testing conditions;Thermal;Thermal stress;TIG welding;Welding;Welding engineering;Welding equipment;Welding power supply

中文标题电弧焊接设备。焊炬中文主题词电弧切割；电弧焊接；电弧焊接设备；焊枪；燃烧器；结构要求；接触安全装置；切割装置；切削；定义；尺寸选定；电接触保护；电气工程；电气安全；设备；冲击强度；绝缘电阻；MAG 焊接；电弧焊操作手册；手控；作标记；金属极惰气保护焊；操作说明书；等离子体电弧切割；等离子电弧焊；防电击；保护措施；安全工程；安全要求；规范；温升试验；试验值；测试；测试条件；热的；热应力；钨极惰性气体保护焊；焊接；焊接工程；焊接设备；焊接电源

Arc cutting;Arc welding;Arc welding cables;Arc-welding equipment;Blowpipes;Connectored joints;Construction requirements;Definitions;Degrees of protection;Dimensioning;Electric contact protection;Electrical engineering;Electrical safety;Environmental condition;Equipment;Feed;Feeder units;Feeding devices;Filler wire;MAG welding;Manual arc welding;Marking;MIG welding;Operating instructions;Performance requirements;Plasma arc cutting;Plasma-arc welding;Protection against electric shocks;Protective measures;Safety;Safety devices;Safety requirements;Specification;Temperature range;Test conditions;Testing;Testing conditions;Welding;Welding engineering;Welding equipment;Welding power supply;Wire guiding;Wires

中文标题弧焊设备。第5部分：焊丝进料装置中文主题词电弧切割；电弧焊接；弧焊电缆；电弧焊接设备；焊枪；连接器的连接件；结构要求；定义；防护等级；尺寸选定；电接触保护；电气工程；电气安全；环境条件；设备；进给量；进料装置；供片装置；填充金属丝；MAG焊接；手动弧焊；作标记；金属极惰气保护焊；操作说明书；性能要求；等离子体电弧切割；等离子电弧焊；防电击；保护措施；安全；安全装置；安全要求；规范；温度范围；试验条件；测试；测试条件；焊接；焊接工程；焊接设备；焊接电源；校正铜网；金属线

Arc cutting;Arc welding;Arc welding cables;Arc-welding equipment;Blowpipes;Connectored joints;Construction requirements;Definition;Definitions;Degrees of protection;Dimensioning;Electric contact protection;Electrical engineering;Electrical safety;Environmental condition;Equipment;Feed;Feeder units;Feeding devices;Filler wire;MAG welding;Manual arc welding;Marking;MIG welding;Operating instructions;Performance requirements;Plasma arc cutting;Plasma-arc welding;Protection against electric shocks;Protective measures;Safety;Safety devices;Safety requirements;Specification;Temperature range;Test conditions;Testing;Testing conditions;Welding;Welding engineering;Welding equipment;Welding power supply;Wire guiding;Wires

中文标题弧焊设备。焊丝进料装置中文主题词电弧切割；电弧焊接；弧焊电缆；电弧焊接设备；焊枪；连接器的连接件；结构要求；定义；防护等级；尺寸选定；电接触保护；电气工程；电气安全；环境条件；设备；进给量；进料装置；供片装置；填充金属丝；MAG焊接；手动弧焊；作标记；金属极惰气保护焊；操作说明书；性能要求；等离子体电弧切割；等离子电弧焊；防电击；保护措施；安全；安全装置；安全要求；规范；温度范围；试验条件；测试；测试条件；焊接；焊接工程；焊接设备；焊接电源；校正铜网；焊丝

Results show that when improving spot pitch in weld bonded joints with high elastic modulus adhesives, stresses in weld spot zone are decreased while stresses and strains at edges of overlap region are increased slightly. For the joints with low elastic modulus adhesives, both stress concentration degree at the weld spot and the shear strain at edges of overlap region are increased with the spot pitch increasing.

结果表明，高弹性模量胶粘剂胶焊接头中，增大焊点间距，焊点区应力减小而搭接区边缘胶层中的应力应变略有增大；低弹性模量胶粘剂胶焊接头中，焊点处应力集中程度和搭接区边缘胶层中的剪应变值都随焊点间距的增加而增大，增加焊点间距，两种接头的胶层断裂强度都将降低。

The results show that the plasticity zone and dynamically quiescent layer become fine equiaxed recrystallisation under the thermo-mechanical effect, the grains in the heat-affected zone grow up because of the effect of friction heat. When the rotation speed is 2 500 r/min and the welding time is 12 s, good joint is achieved, and the tensile shear strength of the joint reaches 9.24 kN. The tensile shear strength of spot increases with increasing tool rotation speed, with increasing welding time, the strength increases first, while then reduces. The microhardness of plasticity zone is high, but is slightly lower than that of the base metal, the minimum value of microhardness is in the heat affected zone. When the energy input of joint is high, the fracture type of spot is mode Ⅰ, and the tensile shear strength is high; on the contrary, when the energy input of joint is less the fracture type of spot is mode Ⅱ, and the strength is low.

结果表明：塑性区和动态静止层的晶粒在热和力作用下发生动态再结晶形成细小的等轴晶，热影响区的晶粒在摩擦热作用下长大变粗；搅拌头旋转速度为2 500 r/min，焊接时间为12 s时，可以获得力学性能较好的焊点，焊点的剪切强度达到9.24 kN；焊点的剪切强度随搅拌头旋转速度的增大而增大，随焊接时间的延长先增大后减小；塑性区的显微硬度较高，但略小于母材，接头显微硬度的最小值分布在热影响区；焊点热输入量较多时，接头为Ⅰ型断裂，焊点的剪切强度较高；焊点热输入量较少时，接头为Ⅱ型断裂，焊点的强度较低。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。