焊接的

Stract : The synopsis introduced robot to weld the technique development process, design of weld a small car, and the welder equip the design for have, welding a small car to adopt part to have already have of product, carried on a design towards welding small garage to walk organization, weld the small car will pack Be welding an operation on board, follow behind to weld operation machine of action to carry out to weld relatedly.

摘 要：简要介绍了机器人焊接技术发展历程，设计的焊接小车，及焊接工装设备的设计，焊接小车采用了部分已有的产品，对焊接小车行走机构进行了设计，焊接小车将装在焊接操作机上，跟随焊接操作机的动作来实现相关的焊接。

A detection method for welding lines based on K-L algorithm is discussed. Infrared light source is applied to get high quality images of welding lines through CCD. Image template libraries for unwelded and welded lines are constructed and the welding line image is processed by K-L algorithm to match with the template libraries to judge if the welding line has been welded. The experiment shows that above method is effective with high precision and speed and it can be applied on real-time detection of welding lines.

提出计算机对所得图像进行滤波和图像分割，讨论了K-L算法的原理及其在红外焊缝图像检测中的应用；以红外光源照射焊缝，通过CCD摄取焊缝的图像，建立已焊和未焊的图像模板库，采用K-L算法对焊缝图像进行处理，并与模板库进行比较，得出焊缝是否焊接的结论；试验结果表明，该方法检测精度高，检测速度快，可以实时运用于对手工电弧焊的焊缝质量检测中。

Hence, the welding machines to be used for short circuiting transfer, make use of a variable choke system which can be tuned for different wire sizes, The frequency of the metal transfer may be of the order of 50 to 200 per second.

因此， 用于短路的焊接的机器转移，利用可能被为不同的电线尺寸调试的一个易变的阻塞门系统，金属的频率转移可能具有50到200 每秒的命令。

The application of expert system in welding industry coveres the design or selection of welding process,diagnosis of weld discontinues or failure of equipment,estimation of welding cost,real time control,welding CAD and examination for welding operators.

专家系统在焊接领域的应用涵盖焊接工艺设计或选择、焊接缺陷或设备故障诊断、焊接成本估算、实时控制、焊接CAD和焊工考试等。

A7800 Features: 10 Mb s Manchester encoding decoding with receive clock recovery Patented digital phase locked loop decoder re- quires no precision external components Decodes Manchester data with up to g18 ns of jitter Loopback capability for diagnostics Externally selectable half or full step modes of opera- tion at transmit output Squelch circuits at the receive and collision inputs re- ject noise High voltage protection at transceiver interface (16V) TTL MOS compatible controller interface Connects directly to the transceiver cable A7800 Maximum Ratings: A7800 Pinout:· NPT IGBT technology · low saturation voltage · low switching losses · switching frequency up to 30 kHz · square RBSOA, no latch up · high short circuit capability · positive temperature coefficient for easy parallelling · MOS input, voltage controlled · ultra fast free wheeling diodes · solderable pins for PCB mounting · package with copper base plate

A7800特点： 10兆s曼彻斯特编码与接收时钟恢复专利解码数字锁相环解码器重新奎雷斯没有精确数据的外部元件曼彻斯特解码高达全部G18抖动纳秒环回功能用于诊断外部可选的一半或整步模式的歌剧和灰在传输和接收碰撞投入重新ject高噪音在收发器接口（16V的）马鞍山的TTL兼容控制器接口电压保护输出静噪电路直接连接到收发器的电缆 A7800最大额定值： A7800引脚说明：·不扩散核武器条约IGBT技术·低饱和电压·低开关损耗·开关频率可达30千赫·平方米RBSOA，没有锁定了高短路能力··正温度，便于parallelling·马鞍山消耗系数，电压控制·超高速免费·印刷电路板焊接的引脚安装·铜底板包续流二极管

Butt Weld and docking and corner combinations Weld, in Weld ends located arc plate and extraction plate in igniting board then leads to the welding seam, joint halfway shall weld joints in front of 2.0 mm Department Firing arc, welding pieces after preheating rod will return to weld the origin, pool filled to the required thickness, before forward welding; Welding speed : Isokinetic welding requirements to ensure weld thickness, width uniform, which masks to look for hot metal and slag bath equidistance (2-3 mm)%; Arc welding rod length : different models and determined that the general requirements of arc length is stable, acid electrode generally 3-4 mm, 2-3 mm normally alkaline electrode%; Welding perspective : According to determine the thickness of two pieces of welding, welding angle has two aspects : First, the angle between the direction of the rod and welding of 60-75 ; The second is the angle between two electrodes and welding around, the same thickness as welding, welding and welding pieces incident angle of 45 ; When the thickness ranging from welding, welding electrode and thick and thin pieces of welding electrode side angle greater than the angle between the side pieces; Arc : admission to the end of each weld should be filled crater, in the direction opposite to the direction of the back-arc welding, arc welding unchanged inside pit in 1974, to prevent the crater bite of meat.

对接焊缝及对接和角接组合焊缝，在焊缝两端设引弧板和引出板，必须在引弧板上引出后再焊到焊缝区，中途接头则应在焊缝接头前方15～20㎜处打火引弧，将焊件预热后再将焊条退回到焊缝起始处，把熔池填满到要求的厚度后，方可向前施焊；焊接速度：要求等速焊接，保证焊缝厚度、宽度均匀一致，从面罩内看熔池中铁水与熔渣保持等距离（2～3㎜）为宜；焊接电弧长度：根据焊条型号不同而确定，一般要求电弧长度稳定不变，酸性焊条一般为3～4㎜，碱性焊条一般为2～3㎜为宜；焊接角度：根据两焊件的厚度确定，焊接角度有两个方面，一是焊条与焊接前进方向的夹角为60～75 ；二是焊条与焊接左右夹角有两种情况，当焊件厚度相等时，焊件与焊件夹角为45 ；当焊件厚度不等时，焊条与较厚焊件一侧夹角应大于焊条与薄焊件一侧夹角；收弧：每条焊缝焊到末尾，应将弧坑填满后，往焊接方向相反的方向带弧，使弧坑甩在焊道貌岸然里边，以防弧坑咬肉。

Flat Welding : choice of welding technology, electrode diameter, welding current, welding speed, the length of arc welding, weld process verification; Welding : welding inspection clearance groove, assembly space whether it meets the requirements, positioning it firmly welding, weld around is not oil, rust; Electrode temperature and baking time should be required, the rod removed from the oven. tempreture-constant drum on the electrode, then used as admission; Latin America : welding supply welding thickness, welding levels and electrode type and diameter, skilled welders and other factors, and to select appropriate welding current; fillet weld arc : fluctuations in the point arc weld end, they are advised more than 10 mm, is not hard arc, sparking arc weld zone from the electrode should be started immediately. Component integration and maintaining so-rod pieces have 2-4 mm gap arc.

1.1.2.1平焊：选择合适的焊接工艺，焊条直径，焊接电流，焊接速度，焊接电弧长度等，通过焊接工艺验证；清理焊口：焊前检查坡口、组装间隙是否符合要求，定位焊是否牢固，焊缝周围不得有油污、锈物；烘焙焊条应符合规定温度与时间，从烘箱中取出的焊条，放在焊条保温桶内，随用随取；焊拉电源：根据焊件厚度、焊接层次、焊条型号、直径、焊工熟练程度等因素，选择适宜的焊接电流；引弧：角焊缝起落弧点应在焊缝端部，宜大于10㎜，不应随便打弧，打火引弧后应立即将焊条从焊缝区拉开，使焊条块结合与构件间保持2～4㎜间隙产生电弧。

Flat Welding : choice of welding technology, electrode diameter, welding current, welding speed, the length of arc welding, weld process verification; Welding : welding inspection clearance groove, assembly space whether it meets the requirements, positioning it firmly welding, weld around is not oil, rust; Electrode temperature and baking time should be required, the rod removed from the oven. tempreture-constant drum on the electrode, then used as admission; Latin America : welding supply welding thickness, welding levels and electrode type and diameter, skil led welders and other factors, and to select appropriate welding current; fillet weld arc : fluctuations in the point arc weld end, they are advised more than 10 mm, is not hard arc, sparking arc weld zone from the electrode should be started immediately. Component integration and maintaining so-rod pieces have 2-4 mm gap arc.

1.1.2.1平焊：选择合适的焊接工艺，焊条直径，焊接电流，焊接速度，焊接电弧长度等，通过焊接工艺验证；清理焊口：焊前检查坡口、组装间隙是否符合要求，定位焊是否牢固，焊缝周围不得有油污、锈物；烘焙焊条应符合规定温度与时间，从烘箱中取出的焊条，放在焊条保温桶内，随用随取；焊拉电源：根据焊件厚度、焊接层次、焊条型号、直径、焊工熟练程度等因素，选择适宜的焊接电流；引弧：角焊缝起落弧点应在焊缝端部，宜大于10㎜，不应随便打弧，打火引弧后应立即将焊条从焊缝区拉开，使焊条块结合与构件间保持2～4㎜间隙产生电弧。

This paper deals with how thermal inertia and adiabatic effect of an object welding And what flame should be applied in oxy-acetylene welding with silver-copper solder and the high temperature area of flame are also discussed then the effect of free oxygen and free carbon on welding is analyzed.

探讨了物体的热惰性和绝热效应对焊接的影响，讨论了采用银铜焊料进行氧－乙炔焊时应该运用的火焰和火焰的高温区域。

Pipe to be suitable for non-sour C2 + NGL Service · Pipe manufactured for this line item shall be suitable for non-automatic welding.

以管输送对非酸的 C2 是适当的+ NGL 服务？因为这一个线项目将对焊接的非自动机械是适当的，管制造。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。