焊接

The result of abrasion test and welding tests show, the crafts of adopting parted type structure to make tamping pick is viable theoretically, the pickax boot wearable material we have selected havent appear brittleness desquamation under the condition of test, and the ratio of performance and price of the material is higher; The welding joint has no obvious welding bug under the condition of test, the break mode of welding slot metal is mainly toughness break, and the craft performance of the weld material we have selected is all right, the welding craft we have established is suitable to the occasion and feasible.

磨损试验和焊接试验结果表明，采用分式体结构制造捣镐这一工艺理论上是可行的，所选镐靴耐磨材料在试验条件下未见脆性剥落，而且性价比较高；焊接接头在试验条件下没有明显的焊接缺陷，焊缝金属断裂方式主要是韧性断裂，而且所选焊接材料工艺性能良好，所制定焊接工艺切实可行。

The brazing process includes selection of brazing materials, pre-brazing preparation, regulation and deformation control of brazing parameter. The Al-Si alloy wires core was used as filler metal and the gasoline flame with quincunx nozzle was used as heating source. Through FEM analysis, a set of technological equipment was designed to control brazing distortion.

通过对焊接材料、焊接规范、焊接工装等方面进行的试验和分析，确定了6063铝合金门窗框的钎焊采用无腐蚀性的Al-Si合金铝钎焊药芯焊丝作为钎料，汽油火焰作为加热热源的工艺方案，并通过有限元分析设计了简单易用的焊接工装以控制焊接变形。

The results show that, Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge brazing alloy is better, its melting temperature range is 446.76494.40 ℃, and the temperature interval between the solidus and the liquidus is 47.64 ℃. When the brazing temperature is in the range of 510550 ℃, the alloy has a good spreadability and wettability with Ni. Interface structure observation reveals that there is one continuous intermetallic layer between the brazing alloy and the base metal Ni when welding. X-ray energy spectrum analysis results show that the intermetallic layer is Ge3Ni5, and because of its brittleness, the overthick intermetallic layer will decrease the shear strength of the welding joint, therefore, the welding technology should be controlled so as to gain an ideal welding interface structure.

研究结果表明：Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge合金的性能较好，其熔化温度范围为446.76~494.40 ℃，结晶温度区间为47.64 ℃；焊接温度在510~550 ℃范围内时，Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge钎料合金与Ni基体具有良好的铺展性和润湿性，焊接时钎料合金与Ni基体之间形成了一条连续的金属间化合物层，能谱分析表明该金属间化合物层为Ge3Ni5，由于该化合物较脆，过厚的金属间化合物层使焊接接头的剪切强度下降，故应适当控制焊接工艺以获得理想的焊接界面组织。

In order to improve the welding quality between this two kinds of materials,we explore experimentally the characteristics and mechanical properties of the friction welded joints of LF6 anti-rust aluminum and HR-2 anti-hydrogen stainless steel.Magne- sium in LF6 aluminum alloy is easy to form the brittleness intermetallic compounds on the fr...

经焊前对焊接界面的特殊处理，清除了LF6与HR - 2待焊接表面上的氧化膜，并采用以纯铝为介质的三元摩擦焊接工艺方法，避免或减少焊接界面上金属间化合物的生成，所焊接制品的抗拉强度可以达到或超过LF6防锈铝母材所要求的供货状态σb≥ 2 70MPa的技术要求。

4 Results of nondestructive test for weld joints shall be graded according to JB 4730. Following requirements shall be met: a For radial test, quality grade of radial transillumination can't be lower than Grade AB, and that of weld joints shall meet table 10; b For supersonic test, approval standard for weld joints are as follows: 1 For weld joints of 100% supersonic test, grade Ⅰ. 2 For weld joints of local supersonic test, grade Ⅱ. c For magnetic particle test and penetration test, grade Ⅰ.

7.5.4 管道焊接接头的无损检测应按 JB 4730 进行焊缝缺陷等级评定，并符合下列要求： a 射线检测时，射线透照质量等级不得低于 AB 级，焊接接头经射线检测后的合格等级应符合表 10 的规定； b 超声波检测时，管道焊接接头经检测后的合格标准如下： 1 规定进行 100%超声波检测的焊接接头 I 级合格； 2 局部进行超声波检测的焊接接头 II 级合格； c 磁粉检测和渗透检测的焊接接头 I 级合格。

Thirdly, with the modified Gurson model of the MARC finite element method soft, the damage behave of the welded joint was simulated. It was found that in the undermatched welded joint, the damage mainly happened in the soft weld line and with the decrease of the weld line抯 width, the damage抯 development was faster. As for the overmatched welded joint, the results showed that the damage mainly happened in the soft base metal and with the increase of the weld line抯 width, the damage抯 development was faster. While the width of the weld line was narrower than three millimeters, the high strength weld line could improve the anti-damage capability of the overmatched welded joint.

通过计算发现在低匹配的焊接接头中，损伤主要发生在低强度的焊缝中，并且焊缝宽度越小，焊接接头的损伤就越严重；而在高匹配的焊接接头中，损伤主要发生在紧临焊缝的强度较低的母材上，随高强度焊缝宽度的增加，焊接接头的损伤发展程度加剧，当焊缝宽度小于3mm时，高强度焊缝的加入对焊接接头能起一个强化的作用，提高了焊接接头的抗损伤能力。

As showed in Fig.1, the diagrammed stress of short time endurance test forAs showed in Fig.1, the diagrammed stress of short time endurance test for500 hours at 565℃on welded-joint of T91-F12 is 240MPa. Considering the℃on welded-joint of T91-F12 is 240MPa. Considering thedispersity of±20％, stress of check test for 500 hours is 192MPa. The result±20％, stress of check test for 500 hours is 192MPa. The resultof short time endurance test for 500 hours at 565of short time endurance test for 500 hours at 565℃on T91-X20CrMoV121℃on T91-X20CrMoV121welded-joints is showed in Tab.5. The result shows that the short timewelded-joints is showed in Tab.5. The result shows that the short timeendurance stress of weldedendurance stress of welded-joints with two procedures at 565℃for 500 hours-joints with two procedures at 565℃for 500 hoursboth above 192MPa, and meet the requirement.both above 192MPa, and meet the requirement.

依据图1，对T91－F12 焊接接头 565℃温度下的短时持久性能 500 小时考核试验依据图1，对T91－F12 焊接接头 565℃温度下的短时持久性能 500 小时考核试验的图示应力值应为 240MPa，按照持久强度试验数据的±20％的分散度，取 500的图示应力值应为 240MPa，按照持久强度试验数据的±20％的分散度，取 500小时考核试验应力值为 192MPa.T91－X20CrMoV121 焊接接头 565℃、500 小时小时考核试验应力值为 192MPa.T91－X20CrMoV121 焊接接头 565℃、500 小时短时持久考核试验试验结果见表5 ，试验结果表明，两种工艺条件下的焊接接头短时持久考核试验试验结果见表5 ，试验结果表明，两种工艺条件下的焊接接头565℃温度下的短时持久性能，500 小时的持久断裂应力均高于 192MPa，结果符565℃温度下的短时持久性能，500 小时的持久断裂应力均高于 192MPa，结果符合要求。

Can be used for the above two products before the monopoly of lithium-ion battery anode welding; polymer lithium battery welding; airbag thin cable welding; refrigerator, freezer, air-conditioning cut brass letters; solar heat-absorbing plate rolling welding; less than 35 mm2 copper , copper braided wire, copper wire and the terminal contact welding tablets; beam welding; supercapacitor welding and many other industries.

可用于之前为上述两国产品垄断的锂离子电池负极焊接；聚合物锂电池焊接；安全气囊薄型电缆焊接；冰箱，冷柜，空调铜管封切；太阳能吸热板滚焊；35平方毫米以内铜线，铜辫线，铜绞线与端子接触片的焊接；线束焊接；超级电容器焊接等诸多行业领域。

That's to say, there should be an optimal CZT electrode thickness (l80nm in this research) for the high bonding rate when the electrode treatment technology had been fixed up. Besides, the welding power and the wedge pressure influence the ultrasonic wire bonding rate greatly. In this test, the optimal welding parameters were as follows: the power 2W, the pressure 60×10^(-3)kg, welding time 20ms and the power for fire ball formation 1.5W.

楔入压力和焊接功率是影响CZT金电极与引线焊接质量的重要因素，当焊接功率为2W、焊接压力为60×10^(-3)kg、焊接时间20ms和烧球强度l.5W时，易获得良好的CdZnTe金电极与引线焊接接头。

Aiming at the engineering problem that K welding machine is used to weld PD3 60kg/m rail during welding production at present, the quality of the joint falls short of the standard of TB/T1632-91 because of the objection of grey-spots in the welding joint, this paper analyses the element which influence the welding joint quality in detail from the stability of flash of the accelerating step of the rail, finds out the relationship between the stability of flash-butt welding and the quality of rail joint, provides the measure for controlling the quality of rail welding and some gist for establishing perfect controlling system of welding joint quality

针对目前焊轨生产中采用K型焊机焊接PD3 60kg/m钢轨，接头灰斑缺陷多，性能难以达到部颁标准要求的工程问题，对材质、焊接电压、焊接工艺对接头质量的影响进行研究，并从钢轨焊接加速烧化阶段的闪光稳定性入手，详细分析了影响接头质量的因素，找出了钢轨闪光焊稳定性与质量的关系，提出了控制钢轨焊接质量的措施，为建立完善的焊接质量控制体系提供了依据。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐