烯醇

Because the olefinic hydroxyl groups are linked with olefinic carbon, so it can ionize H〓 ion and present the properties of weak acid, and so the olefinic hydroxyl groups change into the structure of alcoholate in the presence of alkali , but the structure of alcoholate may change into the structure of olefine alcohol again, after the Na〓 ions is removed, or when the pH value of its solution turn into pH. Because the structure of the olefine alcohol is not stable and is easy to isomerizate to become the structure of olefine ketone, so there appear the ca. 1730cm〓 C=O absorption peak in the IR spectra of the products.

明确指出了在C〓、C〓富勒醇中存在烯碳羟基与叔碳羟基等二类羟基，烯碳羟基由于与一个共轭体系相连，从而其羟基可以离解而呈现出弱酸的性质，因而在碱性条件下易形成烯醇钠盐的结构，当除去钠离子后或在酸性溶液中，烯醇钠盐结构转变为烯醇结构，但由于烯醇结构不如烯酮结构稳定，从而形成烯醇结构后，烯醇结构异构化为烯酮结构，因此在其产物的IR谱图上出现1730cm〓附近的C=0吸收信号。

They were eucalyptol, bicyclo［2.2.1］heptan-2-one,1,7,7-trimethyl-,(1R)-, borneol, 1-methyl-2-(1-methyl ethenyl)-(1R-cis)-cyclobutaneethanol, limonene, 1-hydroxymethyl-7,7-dimethy lbicyclo［2.2.1］heptan-2-one,-spathulenol, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, isocitronellol,-9-Octadecenoic acid, heneicosane, respectively.

阿给中共有11个阿给炭没有检测出的成分，包括桉油精、D-樟脑、冰片、(1R-cis)- 1-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)环丁基乙醇、二戊烯、1-羟甲基-7，7-二甲基-双环［2.2.1］庚-2-酮、-匙叶桉油烯醇、3，7，11，15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇、异香茅醇、-9-十八碳烯酸和廿一烷。

Objective To set up a simple method for detecting three kinds of fusarium mycotoxin in grains.

目的建立一种简单、灵敏、高效的测定粮食中雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、新茄病镰刀菌烯醇的方法。

Master the Keto-Enol tautomerism; reactions of enols:α-H substitution reactions;α-halogenation of aldehydes and ketones;α-bromination of carboxylic acids; acidity ofα-H atoms: enolate ion formation; reactivity of enolate ions; alkylation of enolate ions; mechanism of carbonyl condensation reactions;condensations of aldehydes and ketones: the Aldol reaction; dehydration of Aldol products; the Claisen condensation reaction; the Michael addition.

熟练掌握酮式－烯醇式互变异构；烯醇的反应：α-H的活性；醛酮的α卤代反应；羧酸的α-溴代反应；α-H的酸性：烯醇负离子的形成；烯醇负离子的反应；烯醇负离子的烃基化；羰基化合物的缩合反应机理；醛酮的缩合反应－Aldol缩合；Aldol缩合产物的脱水反应； Cleisen 酯缩合反应；麦克尔加成反应。

Experiment showed that the hydrolysis product of chloroisopentene in sodium hydroxide solution was mixture of isopentenol and methyl butenol , which indicated that displacement reaction of chloroisopentene was accompanied by isomerization reaction of carbonium ion.

在以氢氧化钠水溶液进行氯代异戊烯水解时发现，水解产物为异戊烯醇和甲基丁烯醇的混合物，这说明氯代异戊烯在进行取代反应的同时，伴有正碳离子的异构化反应，由此开发了一条全新的由氯代异戊烯生产甲基丁烯醇和异戊烯醇的新的工艺路线。

The main compositions were trans-β-farnesene,β-pinene, caryophyllene oxide, spathulenol, nerolidol, which were much different from other Compositae plant.

主要成分为反式-α-香柠檬烯、β-蒎烯、石竹烯氧化物、匙叶桉油烯醇、橙花叔醇等，其主要成分与菊科其他植物的明显不同。

Results:The experiments showed that 59 components were identified,accounting for 72.91 percent of the total essential oil.The essential oil was mainly composed of dehydrocostuslactone、costunolide、cedrenol、α-elemene、1,3-cyclooctadiene、eudesmol、α-selinene、β-caryophyllene、-longifolene、3,4-octadiene,7-methyl-etc.Among them Lactones like Dehydrocostuslactone and costunolide are essential components.

结果：GC-MS法分析鉴定了木香挥发油中59个成分，其主要成分为去氢木香内酯、木香烃内酯、雪松烯醇、α-榄香烯、环辛二烯、桉叶醇、α-芹子烯、丁子香烯、长松叶烯、7-甲基-3，4辛二烯等，占挥发油总量的72.91%；首次发现木香挥发油及去氢木香内酯、木香烃内酯具有抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集活性。

Comparing with those of steam distillation,the contents of undecane, nonane increased by SPME; and some components that would not be extracted by steam; disti llation were extracted by SPME, such as verbenol,yElenene,calarene,(1)aGurjunene,viridiflorol etc.

结论与水蒸气蒸馏法相比，固相微萃取法得到的十一烷、壬烷等烷烃的含量增加；并且提取出了水蒸气蒸馏法不能蒸馏出来的一些成分，如马鞭草烯醇、γ榄香烯、白菖烯、α古芸烯、绿花白千层醇等。

The mixture of Z-11-hexadecenyl acetate and Z-11-hexadecenol (4 : 1 or 9: 1) proved to be attractive to the male moths of Pseudaletia separata Walker in Japan was less attractive to the male moths of Mythimna separata Walker in North China during the second flying season.

在顺—11—十六烯醛中加入少量顺—11—十六烯醇乙酸酯(1—10％)，能显著地提高诱蛾活性。同时表明在日本活性很高的粘虫诱芯(顺—11—十六烯醇乙酸酯及顺—11—十六烯醇比例为8：1或9：1)在中国北方诱到的粘虫雄蛾数量极少。

We regard horsetail pine weight turpentine as materail, because the chemistry characteristic of its constitutions is different,they can be effectively separated,and synthesize the series perfumes product, Such asω- AML,ω- HML,isolongifolene,β-carypophyllene alcohol,cyclo-oxy-carypophyllene,α-santaleneol.

本文以马尾松重质松节油为原料，利用其组分各自的化学特性不同，对其进行了有效分离，在分离的同时合成系列香料产品，主要有：ω-乙酰氧甲基长叶烯、ω-羟甲基长叶烯、异长叶烯、甲酸长叶酯、β-石竹烯醇、环氧石竹烯、a-檀香烯醇等。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐