烯酮类

E. 3-allyloxyisothiazole and N-allylisothiazolone, were synthesized with 3-mercaptopropionate as the starting material through ammonolysis, cyclization and allylation reactions.

以3-巯基丙酸甲酯为原料，经氨解、关环、烯丙基化合成了2种含有不饱和侧链的异噻唑类化合物，分别为3-烯丙氧基异噻唑和N-烯丙基异噻唑啉酮。

Among 3 cultivars, B17 occupied the least green odor contents of aromatic constituents, such as 2-hexen-1-ol acetate, butanoic acid 3-hexenyl ester and butanoic acid 3-hexenyl ester, hut had the most fruity, flowery and woody odors such as β-Ionone, 1-nonanol, Acetic acid octyl ester, Methyl benzoate, Ethyl benzoate and theaspirane, which showed that B 17 was superior to the 2 other cultivars in aroma quality.

不同品种的杨桃果实中的所含的香气成分及含量不同，B17杨桃含乙酸－反－2-己烯酯、丁酸－反－2-己烯酯、丁酸－反－3-己烯酯等青香型酯类最低而含β-紫罗兰酮、1-壬醇、乙酸辛酯苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸乙酯、茶螺烷等花香型、果香型及木香型成分最高，因而其香气品质要优于B10和新加坡红肉种。

The efficient first asymmetric syntheses of-6β-hydroxy-7αH-eudesm-4-en-3-one, and its C-6 epimer were achieved starting from-dihydrocarvone, whichprovide a novel and efficient synthetic method to 6-oxgenated eudesmanes.

以-二氢香芹酮为原料，经五步反应，首次完成了6β-羟基-4(5)-烯-3-羰基桉烷及其6位差向异构体的立体选择合成，并为C-6位含氧官能团取代桉烷类化合物的合成提供了一种简便有效的方法。

The comparisons of biochemistry between OP and OR rats The differences between OP and OR rats included not only body weight, but lipids metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well, characterized with insulin resistance, increasing in serum free fatty acids and ketone body, and hepatic TC and TG in OP rats. However, no significant differences were observed in serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and fasting glucose between OP and OR rats.⑶Comparisons of metabolites in serum, urine and liver tissue between OP and OR rats①There were significant differences in amino acids concentration between OP and OR rats,especially in liver tissue, such as high concentrations in ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids in OP rats, suggesting differences in amino acids metabolism;② The different metabolites between OP and OR rats included increasing of various saturated fatty acids and decreasing of polyunsaturated fatty acids in OP rats;③The urinary metabolites analysis indicated that different structure or metabolism of gut microflora might exist between the two phenotypes, which probably influenced the regulation of body weight gain;④The end-products of catecholamines in urine and intermediates of krebs cycle in serum in OP rats were all up-regulated, suggesting that the activity of sympatheic nervous system and energy metabolism was higher in OP rats than OR rats.

胰岛素耐受实验和胰岛素敏感指数表明OP动物的胰岛素敏感性较OR动物下降，而OP大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸、酮体、肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高；但是，OP与OR大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖等的水平并无显著性差异；⑶肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠血清、尿液和肝脏组织提取物中代谢物的比较研究表明：①OP与OR大鼠的血清、尿液和肝组织提取物中多种氨基酸的含量存在显著差异，并以肝组织中的差异氨基酸数量为最多，包括各种生酮和生糖氨基酸水平在OP组的升高，说明氨基酸代谢的差异是两种体重表型大鼠之间存在的重要差异特征之一；②OP与OR动物肝脏和血清差异代谢物中包含多种饱和长链脂肪酸的升高如十四烷酸、十六烷酸、硬脂酸等和多不饱和脂肪酸的下降如亚油酸和花生四烯酸，说明两种体重表型动物的肝脏脂肪酸代谢存在明显差异；③长期高脂饮食喂养后，动物的尿液代谢物分析表明OP与OR动物体内的肠道菌群结构存在差异，这些菌群上的差别可能在动物体重增长的调节上产生影响；④与OR动物相比，OP动物尿液代谢物中儿茶酚胺类递质的代谢终产物如高香草酸、扁桃酸和4-羟基苯乙酸明显升高。

The forming mechanism of dihydrophenophosphazine by the interaction of Ph〓NH and PCl〓 was studied, and the possible forming mechanism of spiro phosphonium chloride in the same reaction system was also proposed.

讨论了二苯胺与三氯化磷的成环机理以及反应过程中螺磷杂环化合物的形成机制，提出5，10-二氢磷杂吖嗪-10-氧化物存在类"烯醇—酮式"互变异构现象。

The preparation of six types of organoborane reagents based on pinene was reviewed,and the progress in the reduction reactions of ten classes of ketones and in their application was outlined.

综述了由蒎烯衍生的六种有机硼还原剂的合成方法，并讨论了这些还原剂对十类不同类型酮的还原反应及其应用。

After ultra high pressure treatment, limonene concentration was decreased greatly while myrcene and α-pinene concentrations were not changed significantly and the concentration of limonene was decreased by 75% after high pressure treatment of 500 MPa for 15 min,α-terpineol and carvone concentrations were increased significantly. The aldehydes concentrations were retained well. The ester concentrations were changed under high pressure treatment, but generally their concentrations were not changed remarkably.

通过定量检测分析发现：超高压处理对橙汁中的柠檬烯成分影响很显著，经500 MPa的压力处理15 min后其含量下降了75%，而月桂烯和α-蒎烯受高压影响较小；α-松油醇、香芹酮含量经高压处理后迅速增加；醛类特征香气成分基本不受高压影响；酯类成分在高压下会发生变化，但总体变化不显著。

Water,c12-20 acid peg-8 ester,octyldodecanol,cetearyl isononanoate,butylene glycol,biosaccaride gum-1,peg-40 hydrogenated caster oil,ethylhexyl menthoxycinnamate,phenoxyethanol,potassium cetyl phosphate,macadamia ternifolia seed oil,dimethicone,carbomer,propylene glycol,glyceryl stearate,cocoglycerides,butyrospermum parkii,c12-13 alkyl lactate,methylparaben,benzophenone-3,pentadecalactone,sorbic acid,citrus aurantium dulcis oil,sodium hydroxyde,tocopheryl acetate,disodium edta,iris germanica root extract,retinyl palmitate,equisetum arvense extract,butylparaben,peg-8,propylparaben,ethylparaben,sodium hyaluronate,chlorhexidine digluconate,citrus aurantium amaraoil,tocopherol,ascorbyl palmitate,citric acid,ascorbic acid,limonene,linalool

水，c12-20 acid peg-8 ester，辛基十二烷醇，鲸蜡硬脂醇异壬酸酯，丁烯二醇，多醣物质，PEG-40氢化蓖麻油，4-甲氧基肉桂酸-2-乙基己基酯，苯氧乙醇，十六烷基磷酸钾，澳洲胡桃子油，地美司康，卡波姆，丙烯乙二醇，甘油硬脂酸，椰油脂酸甘油酯类，牛油果，c12-13烷醇乳酸酯，对羟基苯甲酸甲酯，二苯甲酮-3 ，环十五内酯，山梨酸，甜橙油，氢氧化钠，维生素E醋酸酯，乙二胺四乙酸二钠，鸢尾花萃取，维他命A酯，问荆萃取，对羟基苯甲酸丁酯，聚乙二醇- 8，羟苯丙酯，羟苯乙酯，透明质酸钠，洗必泰葡萄糖酸盐，苦橙油，维生素E ，维生素C棕榈酸酯，柠檬酸，抗坏血酸，柠檬精油，沉香醇水：几乎所有护肤品成分第一位都是水。辛基十二烷醇：界面活性剂、乳化剂、稠化剂，有一定刺激性

In a climatically controlled chamber (28±1℃, L16:D8), E. splendens was planted in pots containing mixed vermiculite and perlite without Cu. At about 220 d after seeding, plants (around 65 cm in height) were used to collect their volatile using SPME. Eleven chemicals were identified using GC-MS, p-pinene, D-limonene, elsholtzia ketone, dehydro elsholtzia ketone,γ-elemene, humulene, caryophyllene, a-caryophyllene, and three sesquiterpenes. The most abundant volatiles were caryophyllene and y-elemene, followed by humulene and a-caryophyllene.

室内在不含Cu的蛭石和珍珠岩混合基质中种植海州香薷，用固相微萃取法收集健康植株(株龄220余天，株高65cm左右)的挥发物，采用GC-MS法识别出11种主要组分，从中鉴定出β-蒎烯，D-柠檬烯，香薷酮，脱氢香薷酮，γ-榄香烯，蛇麻烯，石竹烯，α-石竹烯(α-caryophyllene)，以及三种倍半萜类化合物，其中石竹烯和γ-榄香烯含量高，其次为蛇麻烯和α-石竹烯。

The thesis consists of two main sections. The synthesis of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles,triazolotriazines and dioxapyrrolinopyrazoles containing chiral pyrazolyl moietyfrom D-glucose is described in the first part and the section one is about theDiels-Alder reactions between dienophile enaminones and diene 1,2,4-triazines,which provides a new methodology to construct the pyridine compounds. A total of37 new compounds were synthesized.

本论文包含两部分内容，一是以D-葡萄糖为原料合成含手性吡唑基的1，3，4-噁二唑、三唑并三嗪及二氧代吡咯啉并吡唑类化合物；二是将烯胺酮作为亲双烯体，与双烯体1，2，4-三嗪类化合物发生Diels-Alder反应，发现了一令人意外的构建吡啶类化合物的新方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。