烯酮类

Most bacteria were resistant to βlactam antibiotics, but sensitive to aminoglycosides, Carbopenem antibiotics and quinolones antibiotics.

细菌多对β内酰胺类抗生素耐药，普遍对氨基糖苷类、碳青酶烯类和喹诺酮类抗生素敏感。

The results showed that there were 8 kinds of aliphatic, 5 kinds of esters, 2 kinds of aldehydes, 2 kinds of nitrogen sulfur heterocyclic rings and one kind of hydrocarbon, alcoholics, ketone, lactones respectively in the analyzed 21 kinds of aroma components, and the content of furfural,β-methyl valeric acid, palmitic acid, nicotine, neohytadiene were higher, next were acetyl ethyl propionate, caleric acid, phenyl ethyl acetate, hydroxylic diethyl succinate.

结果表明，在分析出的21种香气成分中，分别有脂肪酸类8种，酯类5种，醛类2种，氮硫杂环类2种，烃类、醇类、酮类、内酯类各l种，其中相对含量较高的物质成分是糠醛、β-甲基戊酸、十六碳酸、烟碱、新植二烯，其次是乙酰丙酸乙酯、异戊酸、苯乙酸乙酯、羟基丁二酸二乙酯等。

Since many phenylvinyl ketone derivatives showed a certain anti- inflammatory activity, the indolyl group is introduced to this skeleton, and thus a series of 1, 4-penten-3-one derivatives characteristic of the structures of both phenylvinyl ketone and indole have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, MS, UV-vis, and 〓 NMR as well. All these compounds are found to be trans-isomers.

考虑到苯乙烯酮类化合物的抗炎活性，本文将吲哚基团引入到该类化合物上，设计合成了一系列新的兼具苯乙烯酮和吲哚二者结构特征的1，4-戊二烯-3-酮衍生物Al-A24，并对其进行了表征，发现所有这些化合物均为反式构型。

That 1,4-addition reactions of Grignard agent made from 1-bromo-3-triphenylmethoxyl-1-octene and organozinc agent made from 1-iodo-3-trimethysiloxy-1-octene with 2-(6-methoxylcarbonylhexyl)-4-(2- tetrahydro-pyranyloxy)-2-cyclopentenone both gave prostaglandin 〓 methyl ester statethat prostaglandin E compounds can be prepared by 1,4-addition reaction oforganozinc agent.

最后，研究了溴化-3-三苯甲氧基-1-辛烯基镁和碘化-3-三甲硅氧基-1-辛烯基锌与2-(6-甲氧羰己基)-4-(2-四氢吡喃氧基)-2-环戊烯酮通过1，4-加成反应合成〓甲酯的方法，结果表明，用有机锌试剂通过1，4-加成反应来合成PGE类化合物是可行的。

Three results are obtained by an orthogonal experiment. The main components of essential oil in separating containerⅠare terpenoid, terpeneless compound is in separating container Ⅱ. Through second-level separation the technological conditions of de-terpene are: pressure 7MPa, temperature 32℃ in separating containerⅠ;pressure 4～5MPa, temperature 32℃ in separating containerⅡ. The optimum technological parameters of obtaining two essential oils are: particle size 0.60mm, pressure 10MPa, temperature 36℃, operating time 90 minutes. There are 1.46% and 1.88% essential oil in separating containerⅠand Ⅱ respectively.

通过正交试验表明：分离器Ⅰ中精油的主要成分是萜烯烃类化合物，分离器Ⅱ中精油的主要成分是由高级醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类等组成的含氧化合物；二级分离脱萜的适宜参数是：分离器Ⅰ的压力为7MPa，分离器Ⅱ的压力与循环压力相同，温度都为32℃；同时得到萜烯烃类精油和低萜精油的最优工艺组合是粒度0.60mm，萃取压力10MPa，萃取温度36℃，萃取时间90min，精油得率分别为1.46％和1.88％。

The pyrrole, oxazoles, pyridinones, quinolines, dibenzodiazepines, tetrahydrobenzoxazines and tetronic acids have been prepared from enaminones.

吡咯、唑烷、嘧啶酮、喹啉、二苯并二氮杂环类、四氢苯并噁嗪酮和特窗酸等都可以由烯胺酮类化合物制得。

But very little literature concentrated on the activated methyl which closes to the carbonyl of enaminones. So the paper conducts the research to the aldol condensation of aromatic aldehydes with the activated methyl of enaminone.

但却很少有文献对烯胺酮类化合物的羰基α位活泼甲基进行研究，因此本论文对烯胺酮羰基α位活泼的甲基与芳香醛发生缩合反应进行了研究。

In comparison with the pure standards and the retention indices RI(subscript s reported in the literature, a total of 302 volatile compounds were identified in Changyu XO brandy, including 30 alcohols, 35 aldehydes and ketones, 20 carboxylic acids, 104 esters, 24 substituted benzenes and derivatives, 14 phenolic derivatives, 14 acetals, 16 furan derivatives, 22 terpenic and norisoprenoidic derivatives and 23 others.

实验先采用液－液萃取方法提取张裕XO级白兰地的挥发性成分，然后将酸性成分与碱性和中性成分分离，再采用柱色谱分离手段将其分离为若干个级分并浓缩，采用气相色谱-质谱、标准品比对、保留指数值比较等方法对分离得到的各级分中的成分进行了鉴定，在白兰地中共鉴定出302种挥发性成分，包括醇30种、醛酮类35种、酸类20种、酯类104种、苯同系物及其衍生物24种、酚类14种、缩醛14种、呋喃类16种、萜烯类22种和其他物质23种。

The neutral/basic fraction was furthermore separated into 4 fractions using silica gel normal phase chromatography, and each fraction was then concentrated and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In comparison with the pure standards and the retention indices reported in the literature, a total of 302 volatile compounds were identified in Changyu XO brandy, including 30 alcohols, 35 aldehydes and ketones, 20 carboxylic acids, 104 esters, 24 substituted benzenes and derivatives, 14 phenolic derivatives, 14 acetals, 16 furan derivatives, 22 terpenic and norisoprenoidic derivatives and 23 others.

实验先采用液-液萃取方法提取张裕XO级白兰地的挥发性成分，然后将酸性成分与碱性和中性成分分离，再采用柱色谱分离手段将其分离为若干个级分并浓缩，采用气相色谱-质谱、标准品比对、保留指数值比较等方法对分离得到的各级分中的成分进行了鉴定，在白兰地中共鉴定出302种挥发性成分，包括醇30种、醛酮类35种、酸类20种、酯类104种、苯同系物及其衍生物24种、酚类14种、缩醛14种、呋喃类16种、萜烯类22种和其他物质23种。

The quality of propolis is decided by raw materials, lead-off technology and flavonoid content.

蜂胶的原料、脱铅技术和黄酮类物质的含量共同决定蜂胶产品品质的好坏，而澳洲野生森林保持了独特的物种和最纯净的自然环境，由此孕育的蜜蜂所产出的蜂胶原块含有极丰富的天然生物黄酮物质、萜烯类物质、阿魏酸等在内的数百种珍贵营养成分，既不含农药也不含重金属。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。