烯酮

E. 3-allyloxyisothiazole and N-allylisothiazolone, were synthesized with 3-mercaptopropionate as the starting material through ammonolysis, cyclization and allylation reactions.

以3-巯基丙酸甲酯为原料，经氨解、关环、烯丙基化合成了2种含有不饱和侧链的异噻唑类化合物，分别为3-烯丙氧基异噻唑和N-烯丙基异噻唑啉酮。

Among 3 cultivars, B17 occupied the least green odor contents of aromatic constituents, such as 2-hexen-1-ol acetate, butanoic acid 3-hexenyl ester and butanoic acid 3-hexenyl ester, hut had the most fruity, flowery and woody odors such as β-Ionone, 1-nonanol, Acetic acid octyl ester, Methyl benzoate, Ethyl benzoate and theaspirane, which showed that B 17 was superior to the 2 other cultivars in aroma quality.

不同品种的杨桃果实中的所含的香气成分及含量不同，B17杨桃含乙酸－反－2-己烯酯、丁酸－反－2-己烯酯、丁酸－反－3-己烯酯等青香型酯类最低而含β-紫罗兰酮、1-壬醇、乙酸辛酯苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸乙酯、茶螺烷等花香型、果香型及木香型成分最高，因而其香气品质要优于B10和新加坡红肉种。

They were eucalyptol, bicyclo［2.2.1］heptan-2-one,1,7,7-trimethyl-,(1R)-, borneol, 1-methyl-2-(1-methyl ethenyl)-(1R-cis)-cyclobutaneethanol, limonene, 1-hydroxymethyl-7,7-dimethy lbicyclo［2.2.1］heptan-2-one,-spathulenol, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, isocitronellol,-9-Octadecenoic acid, heneicosane, respectively.

阿给中共有11个阿给炭没有检测出的成分，包括桉油精、D-樟脑、冰片、(1R-cis)- 1-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)环丁基乙醇、二戊烯、1-羟甲基-7，7-二甲基-双环［2.2.1］庚-2-酮、-匙叶桉油烯醇、3，7，11，15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇、异香茅醇、-9-十八碳烯酸和廿一烷。

The conclusions were as follows: theνO-H andνC=O IR absorption maxima shifted towards higher wave numbers after imprinting 17β-estradiol on TFMAA-co-TRIM copolymer with the red shift of theνO-H groups being apparent after precipitation polymerization for 16h while that forνC=O groups being observed after polymerization for 24h. A strong interaction between TFMAA and 17β-estradiol was confirmed by the high selectivity for 17β-estradiol, as indicted by the values of the separation factor of isomers of 17β-estradiol/17α-estradiol (2.28) and the imprinted factor (3.01). Particle diameter of TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer was between 300 nm and 1.5μm, which suited well for solid phase sorbent throughout at low column pressure. The recognition of imprinting TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer for sterol molecules was driven by enthalpy eluted with acetronitile, and low temperature was in favor of the separation of sterol structure analogues on imprinting column. TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer possessed of determinate anti-heat stability, with melting point beginning at 255.84℃, Tp=257.40℃, control TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer and imprinting TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer were respectively decompounded at 267.79℃and 343.11℃, and solid micro-extraction noddle prepared by the special polymerization also showed definite recognition for 17β-estradiol by GC/MS detecting at 270℃. By selection of various washing and elution solvents, elution reagents of close polymerization system were of more advantage in template molecules retention and recognition on molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction column. At a certain extent, progesterone, 17α-estradiol, 17β-estradiol and 4-androstene-3, 17-dione could be intercepted on the MISPE column. Especially, MISPE had high selectivity for progesterone, and imprinting TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer could achieve adsorption balance within 50 min by absorption kinetics test for 17β-estradiol. However, MISPE column showed better selectivity and enrichment property for 17β-estradiol than C18 and CSPE columns according to the data from HPLC and GC/MS analyses. Recovery of 17β-estradiol on MISPE column was up to 85.5% while when prime extracting solution of milk powder was sampled, the recovery of CSPE and C18 columns were 43.7% and 30.7%, respectively.

通过研究阐明：紫外聚合产物TFMAA-co-TRIM中的νO-H振动吸收峰在聚合16h后红移，νC=O振动吸收峰在聚合24h后红移；TFMAA-co-TRIM对雌二醇异构体的印迹因子达到了3.01，α为2.28，优于其它功能单体参与得到的聚合物识别特性；TFMAA-co-TRIM聚合物粒径介于300 nm至1.5μm之间，作为色谱固定相具有良好的通量和低的柱压；在乙腈流动相中，TFMAA-co-TRIM分子印迹固定相的分离过程主要被焓驱动，低温有利于分子印迹固定相分离甾醇结构类似物；TFMAA-co-TRIM分子印迹聚合物在255.84℃时开始熔融，Tp=257.40℃，聚合物CP的降解温度在267.79℃，MIP降解温度在343.11℃，制备的固相微萃取头初步经GC/MS 270℃的耐热性测定；不同的洗提溶剂筛选证明了选择接近聚合溶剂的洗脱体系更有利于MISPE发挥识别效应；分子印迹固相萃取柱对孕酮、17α-雌二醇、17β-雌二醇和雄烯二酮都具有不同程度的保留特性，可作为此类化合物的吸附材料，特别对孕酮强保留的富集特性，可作为孕酮的选择性识别吸附剂，其分子印迹聚合物对17β-雌二醇的吸附动力学测定显示在50 min内基本达到吸附平衡，具有作为传感器核心敏感材料的潜力；对比萃取奶粉中17β-雌二醇性能，MISPE柱比非分子印迹固相萃取柱和C18柱具有更高的保留，回收率依次为85.5%，43.7%和30.7%。

After ultra high pressure treatment, limonene concentration was decreased greatly while myrcene and α-pinene concentrations were not changed significantly and the concentration of limonene was decreased by 75% after high pressure treatment of 500 MPa for 15 min,α-terpineol and carvone concentrations were increased significantly. The aldehydes concentrations were retained well. The ester concentrations were changed under high pressure treatment, but generally their concentrations were not changed remarkably.

通过定量检测分析发现：超高压处理对橙汁中的柠檬烯成分影响很显著，经500 MPa的压力处理15 min后其含量下降了75%，而月桂烯和α-蒎烯受高压影响较小；α-松油醇、香芹酮含量经高压处理后迅速增加；醛类特征香气成分基本不受高压影响；酯类成分在高压下会发生变化，但总体变化不显著。

Efficacious drugs were made of these species for treatment of cough, phlegm, breathe heavily, especially, to cure lung disease. We have investigated on the Chemical constituents of Adenophora stenanthina subspecies xifengsis collected from Gansu Qingyang, and twenty four compounds were isolated from ethanol extraction by chromatography technigues. Twenty compounds were identified by means of chemical and spectra methods（IR, FAB-MS, EI-MS,〓,〓, DEPT , among which three compounds were new as 3βvanilloyloxy-stigmast-5-ene-7β-one; 3β-Vanilloyloxy-stigmast-5-en-7 β-ol; 3β-vanilloyloxy-stigmast-5-en-7β, 15 〓-diol.

我们对采自甘肃庆阳的西峰沙参Adenophorastenanthina subsp.xifengensis）进行了化学成分的研究，利用现代层析手段从该植物的乙醇浸膏中分离出二十四个化合物，经化学方法和波谱技术（红外，质谱，核磁共振谱）鉴定了二十个化合物的结构，其中三个为新的化合物，它们分别是：豆甾-5-烯-7-酮-3β-香草酸酯；7β-羟基-豆甾-5-烯-3β-香草酸酯；7β，15ξ-二羟基-豆甾-5-烯-3β-香草酸酯。

In the second section, with ketone and hydroxylamine hydrochloride as the starting materials, 3-aminopropanol is prepared via three steps including reaction of ketone and hydroxylamine hydrochloride , condensation of ketoxime and acrylonitrile, and hydrogenation cracking of condensation product.

第二是3-氨基丙醇的制备，由酮肟丙烯睛缩合物催化氢化裂解制得：即先以酮、盐酸羟胺为起始原料在碱性条件下合成酮肟，再与丙烯腈反应生成酮肟丙烯腈缩合物后经催化氢化裂解制得3-氨基丙醇。

Samples were subjected to high pressure ranging from 100 to 500 MPa. After high pressure treatments, the flavour compounds were extracted by Solid-Phase Microextraction. Analysis was carried out by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The key flavour compounds of orange juice were three alkenes (namely limonene, myrcene and α-pinene), two alcohols (linalool and α-terpineol), three aldehydes, one ketone and two esters (ethyl butyrate and 3-OH-ethyl hexanoate).

采用固相微萃取（Solid Phase Microextraction，SPME）方法对不同压力（100～500 MPa）超高压处理的鲜榨橙汁中的香气成分进行富集，并经气相色谱-质谱联用仪（Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry，GC-MS）检测分析，橙汁中的主要香气成分有：3种烯（柠檬烯、月桂烯、α-蒎烯）；2种醇；3种醛；1种酮；2种酯（丁酸乙酯、3-OH-己酸乙酯），它们是构成橙汁的主要特征致香成分。

The reaction of cyclic b-keto esters with CF3CO2ZnCH2I provides the corresponding ring-expanded products with the advantage of mild condition in moderate to good yields. A simple and efficient procedure has been developed for a variety of 1,3-diketones converted into the corresponding 1,4-diketones and trans-1,2-disubstituted cyclopropanols in high yields. In conclusion, this new type of organozinc reagents has been developed for many useful reaction in organic synthesis.

利用有机锌试剂所具有的双重特性，在新型的Baylis-Hillman反应中，可以直接与炔基酮和醛反应一锅制得多官能团的三取代的顺式烯；在b-酮酯化合物的扩环反应中，取得了重要进展，得到了增加一个碳的扩环产物，&一步法&合成，反应条件温和、环境友好；在1，3-二酮分子中成功地插入1个碳，合成出1，4-二酮和环丙醇，为现代有机合成提供了新的合成方法，具有良好的应用前景。

The thesis consists of two main sections. The synthesis of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles,triazolotriazines and dioxapyrrolinopyrazoles containing chiral pyrazolyl moietyfrom D-glucose is described in the first part and the section one is about theDiels-Alder reactions between dienophile enaminones and diene 1,2,4-triazines,which provides a new methodology to construct the pyridine compounds. A total of37 new compounds were synthesized.

本论文包含两部分内容，一是以D-葡萄糖为原料合成含手性吡唑基的1，3，4-噁二唑、三唑并三嗪及二氧代吡咯啉并吡唑类化合物；二是将烯胺酮作为亲双烯体，与双烯体1，2，4-三嗪类化合物发生Diels-Alder反应，发现了一令人意外的构建吡啶类化合物的新方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。