烯

By means of GC, GC-MS, GC-IR, the reaction products were investigated and the results showed that there are triylene, camphene, limonene, p-cymene, terpinolene -terpinene,-terpinene,-fenchyl formate, linalyl formate, terpinyl formate, bornyl formate and isobornyl formate containing in the products,and linalyl formate was first discovered in addition reaction of a -pinene and formic acid .The content of the main product terpinyl formate is up to 60.4%,the selectivity is 64.5%.

采用GC、GC-IR、GC-MS等对反应产物进行定量和定性分析，结果表明：微波辐射下α-蒎烯与甲酸的反应产物含有三环烯、莰烯、对-伞花烃、α-松油烯、γ-松油烯、柠檬烯、异松油烯、甲酸葑醇酯、甲酸异龙脑酯、甲酸龙脑酯、甲酸芳樟酯、甲酸松油酯。

First, a chlorinator was self-designed in this paper, and dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was synthesized by 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with chlorine fast in this reactor. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the yield and selectivity of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-prop-ene were more than 65% and 80% respectively. Second, the preparation of 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol, which dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene reacted with alkali was investigated. By means of the Orthogonal Experiments design and single factor experiments, the influence of several reaction variables on the yield were examined and the optimum reaction conditions under the intervallic operation were obtained, the conversion of dichloride of 2-methyl-1-propene was 100%. Moreover the preparation of MPO, which 2-methylene-1, 3-propanediol reacted with hydrogen, in presence of Al_2O_3-Pd catalyst, was gotten, and the product was appraised.

本文在氯化反应过程中，自行设计制作出了氯化管式反应器，在该反应器中异丁烯和氯气迅速混合反应生成二氯异丁烯，根据该氯化反应特征利用正交试验和单因素试验考察了有关因素的影响并优化得到了最佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的总收率达65％以上，选择性达80％；接着，对二氯异丁烯进行水解反应制得了2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇，讨论了相关因素对水解反应的影响，并通过正交试验和单因素试验得到了较佳工艺条件，二氯异丁烯的转化率达100％；同时还对制备的2-甲烯-1，3-丙二醇在常压下采用三氧化二铝负载钯催化剂催化加氢得目的产物MPO，并对产品进行了鉴定，从而打通了整个工艺路线。

Experiment showed that the hydrolysis product of chloroisopentene in sodium hydroxide solution was mixture of isopentenol and methyl butenol , which indicated that displacement reaction of chloroisopentene was accompanied by isomerization reaction of carbonium ion.

在以氢氧化钠水溶液进行氯代异戊烯水解时发现，水解产物为异戊烯醇和甲基丁烯醇的混合物，这说明氯代异戊烯在进行取代反应的同时，伴有正碳离子的异构化反应，由此开发了一条全新的由氯代异戊烯生产甲基丁烯醇和异戊烯醇的新的工艺路线。

Results:The experiments showed that 59 components were identified,accounting for 72.91 percent of the total essential oil.The essential oil was mainly composed of dehydrocostuslactone、costunolide、cedrenol、α-elemene、1,3-cyclooctadiene、eudesmol、α-selinene、β-caryophyllene、-longifolene、3,4-octadiene,7-methyl-etc.Among them Lactones like Dehydrocostuslactone and costunolide are essential components.

结果：GC-MS法分析鉴定了木香挥发油中59个成分，其主要成分为去氢木香内酯、木香烃内酯、雪松烯醇、α-榄香烯、环辛二烯、桉叶醇、α-芹子烯、丁子香烯、长松叶烯、7-甲基-3，4辛二烯等，占挥发油总量的72.91%；首次发现木香挥发油及去氢木香内酯、木香烃内酯具有抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集活性。

In this paper, the copolymers of acrylic acid/acrylamide, isopropenyl phosphonic acid/acrylamide were prepared with peroxide as initiator, water as solvent, acrylic acid, isopropeneyl phoshonic and acid acryl amide as monomers.

以水为溶剂，过硫酸铵为引发剂，丙烯酸、异丙烯膦酸、丙烯酰胺为单体，分别合成了低分子质量的丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺、异丙烯膦酸/丙烯酰胺二元共聚物，以及不同配比的丙烯酸/异丙烯膦酸/丙烯酰胺三元共聚物。

Based on this,We designed a series of experiments to study the treatment and its mechanism of Iridoids composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones of the IBS animal model.1 Research on Iridoids composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones in the role of gastrointestinal function.1.1 Effection of Iridoids composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones on gastrointestinal function of normal miceMethods:Compared with normal group and YJBH group,mice which has given Iridoids composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones as 71.2mg/kg,35.6mg/kg,17.8mg/kg,8.9mg/kg was detected gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion after 4 days drug given.Results:Compared with normal group,gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion in 35.6mg/kg and 17.8mg/kg group was inhibited.

课题通过观察蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对正常及IBS模型动物的胃肠道功能、精神活动的影响，以及蜘蛛香环烯醚萜干预下IBS大鼠结肠、血清、中枢5-HT含量，结肠5-HTR3A受体的mRNA和色氨酸羟化酶(TPH1)的mRNA表达，结肠和血浆中SP和VIP含量以及结肠中肥大细胞分布，探讨蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对腹泻型IBS的治疗作用及其作用机理，为临床治疗IBS提供实验依据。1蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对胃肠功能的作用目的：探讨蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对胃肠功能的影响1.1蜘蛛香环烯醚萜对正常小鼠胃肠功能的作用方法：正常小鼠灌胃给予蜘蛛香环烯醚萜71.2mg/kg、35.6mg/kg、17.8mg/kg、8.9mg/kg与空白组和越鞠保和丸组对照，给药4日后测定动物的胃排空率和小肠推进率。

Electroantennogram study showed that the female moths had stated response to main compositions of needle volatile of α-pinene,β-pinene, myrcene, limonene and β-phellandrene,β-phellandrene elicited the largest EAG response, and limonene was secondly.

松实小卷蛾雌蛾对思茅松针叶挥发性物质主要成分α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、月桂烯、柠檬烯、β-水芹烯都表现出一定的触角电位反应，以β-水芹烯引起的松实小卷蛾触角电位反应最大，其次是柠檬烯。

Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry technique were employed to analyze the ginger oleoresin. This analysis resulted in the detection of 3 hitherto unknown natural compounds, 24 compounds previously reported as pungent compounds and 50 volatile compounds from ginger. The volatile compounds were mainly α-zingiberene (22.29%),β-sesquiphellandrene (8.58%),α-farnesene (3.93%),β-bisabolene (3.87%),α-curcumene (2.63%), which were mostly consisted of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons.

从姜油树脂中分析出77种化合物，其中挥发油成分50种，主要是α-姜烯(22.29%)、β-倍半水芹烯(8.58%)、α-法尼烯(3.93%)、β-没药烯(3.87%)和α-姜黄烯(2.63%)等倍半萜类化合物；姜辣素成分27种，主要成分为6-姜酚(9.38%)、6-姜烯酚(7.59%)和分析过程中由姜酚类或姜烯酚类化合物受热分解而形成的姜油酮(9.24%)。

B、 In the laserablation study of composite materials composed of 〓 and ozonized〓 precipitate as well as metal fullerides 〓, endohedralmetallofullerenes of the type 〓 were formed in the positive ion channel. c、 Inthe laser ablation study of rhodium containing metal fulleride 〓, two sequencesof metallofullerenes were formed in both the positive and negative ion channels, with〓 and 〓.respectively.

在激光烧蚀金属富勒烯盐的实验中发现形成的金属富勒烯类型依赖于金属元素的性质、含量及金属富勒烯的制备方法：a、在〓的实验中观察到取代型金属富勒烯〓和〓正负离子的产生。b、在对含La和Y的富勒烯复合样品〓以及金属富勒烯盐〓的激光烧蚀过程中观察到金属内嵌富勒烯正离子团簇〓的产生。c、在〓的激光烧蚀实验中观察到两个系列金属富勒烯〓和〓的形成，在负离子通道中〓在正离子通道2n=48-56。

Herein the latest developments of olefin aqueous polymerization which are mainly promoted by late- transition metal catalysts are reviewed including ethylene,α-olefins, cyclo-olefins and dienes polymerization, along with ROMP of cyclo-olefins and CO/olefins copolymerization.

本文综述了后过渡金属催化剂水相催化烯烃配位聚合的一些新进展，内容包括烯、α-烯烃、环烯烃、二烯烃的聚合反应和环烯烃的开环聚合反应以及CO/烯烃的共聚反应等方面。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。