热离子的

Burning experiments,thermodesorption analysis,ESCA,SIMS and ESR studies,is showed that quinone/hydroquinone and/or aroxyl/phenol groups are the catalytically active cen- tres.

采用不同的分析技术，如燃烧实验、热解吸分析、电能谱、二次离子质谱和电子自旋共振的研究，表明醌/氢醌和芳氧基/苯酚基团是催化活性中心。

Three strains of bacteria were isolated from haemolymph, hepatopancreas, ascites and muscle of the diseased Eriocheir sinensis caused by aeromonas. All of the three isolates were Gram-negative rods, motile by means of single polar flagella, and were facultatively anaerobic; Glucoce was catabolized with production of acid and gas; Oxidase was positive.

利用硫酸铵盐析、Sephadex G-100凝胶层析和DEAE-Cellulose离子交换柱层析等方法，从其胞外产物中分离纯化出了2种胞外蛋白酶，用SDS-PAGE电泳测得两种蛋白酶的分子量分别为39.6kD和20kD.39.6kD蛋白酶活性在50℃～60℃范围内热稳定性最好，最适pH为9，而20kD蛋白酶的最适温度为50℃，最适pH为8。

The main contents are: Status and prospects of micro/nano fabrication technology, semiconductor substrates, vacuum science and plasmas. Several unit processes of microfabrication like diffusion, thermal oxidation, ion implantation, optical and nonoptical lithography, etching, physical deposition, chemical vapor deposition and epitaxial growth. Process integration of these unit processes for example CMOS technique and silicon bipolar technique, microelectro mechanical systems and some nano fabrication technologies will be introduced.

主要内容有：微米/纳米制造技术的现状和展望、半导体衬底、真空科学和等离子体，各种单项微电子加工工艺，如扩散、热氧化、离子注入、光学和非光学光刻、刻蚀、物理淀积、化学气相淀积、外延生长等，以及各种单项工艺的集成技术，如CMOS技术和硅双极型工艺技术，并初步介绍微电子机械系统和纳米加工技术。

Hydrothermal reactions makes water a Bronsted base-acid and act as an effective catalyst and the metal ions represent Lewis base character. The conversion process occurs in a very complex network of parallel, consecutive and equilibrium reactions, and the last step being the catalyzed Cannizzaro-type reaction of pyruvaldehyde to lactic acid.

nsted酸碱并具有一定的催化作用，金属离子在水热催化降解丙酮醛生成乳酸中表现出Lewis碱的特性，能与丙酮醛生成金属复合物，最终生成乳酸，此反应过程符合Cannizzaro反应特性。

The initiation temperature of the exotherm of P was little influenced by the atmosphere, however, distinctly decreased with the enhancement of IA content in the copolymer, which implied that the initiation of nitrile cyclization reaction preceded the onset of oxidation reaction through an ionic mechanism.

P共聚物的放热峰起始温度受气氛影响不大，却随着IA含量的增加而明显降低，表明在热稳定化过程中它可能首先以离子机理发生氰基环化反应，再发生氧化反应。

Effects of temperature, reaction time and additives on the cation exchange capacity of zeolite synthesized by alkaline hydrothermal reaction of fly ash were investigated.

为衡量粉煤灰沸石的应用性能，本研究主要考察了反应温度、反应时间以及添加剂等水热反应条件对合成粉煤灰沸石产品离子交换性能（CEC，Cation Exchange Capacity）的影响。

Studies of beryls from Xuebaoding by means of crystal chemistry, optical analysis, EPR and infrared spectroscopy indicate that beryls have high alkali ions and water content.

本文对雪宝顶绿柱石的晶体化学、矿物谱学、热释光和流体包裹体特征等进行了分析讨论。结果表明，雪宝顶绿柱石化学成分具有富碱、富水，过渡金属离子以Fe3+、Fe2 +为主的特点。

The distribution of temperature, concentration of oxygen and concentration of target metal ions were analyzed, during heap leaching process through developing a fully coupled flow-reaction with heat transfer model.

通过建立一组瞬态的流、固、热全耦合方程组，对浸出过程中浸堆内的温度、氧相对浓度、目的金属离子浓度等分布进行数值模拟。

The chemical structure, thermal properties and liquid crystalline character of liquid crystalline ionomers were analyzed with FT-IR, POM, DSC and WAXD, the result shows the ionomers have the same structures-nematic texture-with the previous polymers before ion monomer was added.

利用红外光谱分析对其结构进行了表征，采用偏光显微镜、示差扫描量热仪和广角X射线衍射等手段对其液晶性能进行了表征。结果表明：各离聚物与原没有加入离子单体的聚合物具有相同的织构，均为向列型液晶。

Ultrasonic method is using low-frequency ultrasonic energy cuticle damage and the Hot perforation technology is using more heat through the skin. Laser technology is in the skin melted on the stratum corneum and the micro-needle device is in the stratum corneum have a micro machine to achieve the purpose of transdermal.

研究活跃的促渗技术包括离子导入（使用低电压电流使药物通过皮肤）、电穿孔技术（使用高压短电脉冲创造暂时的皮肤水性通道）、超声波法（使用低频超声波能量破坏角质层）和热穿孔技术（使用热能使皮肤更具透过性）、激光技术、微针装置来实现透皮目的。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。