热的产生

When meteorite hit the Earth surface, it created shockwave to transfer the kinetic energy to the Earth surface. When the speed of meteorite strike reached 10 km/second, the pressure of shockwave can reach several millions bar to compress the target terrane to produce heat, the effect of impact deformation caused by it is several scales stronger than rock intensity, the granite would melt down once the pressure of shockwave reached about 500 thousands bar, the granite would gasify (solid became liquid and meanwhile further became gaseity) once reaching over 600 thousand bar.

当陨石撞击地表时产生冲击波把陨石的动能传给地表，在陨击速度达到10公里/秒时冲击波的压力可达到数百万巴并压缩靶点岩层物质产生热，它产生的冲击变形效应比岩石强度大几个量级，冲击波压力约50万巴时花岗岩就熔化，大于60万巴时花岗岩就气化（在固态转为液态同时进一步转为气态）。

Based on the radiation characteristic of air speedy object, taking into account the synthetic influence factors of the real configuration of object, sun radiation, space long-wave radiation and the environment radiation around object, a further study for the effect of scarfskin pneumatic heating up, used equivalent resistance to estimate inner heat-resource and gave prominence to the influence on scarfskin radiation caused by engine heat-scattering, a logical and effective IR imaging simulation model for airplane is presented in this paper.

从红外辐射和热传导基本定律出发，综合考虑目标实际结构、太阳辐射、天空长波辐射、气动加热及周围环境辐射等因素的影响，依据空中快速目标热辐射特性，分析气动加热对飞机蒙皮辐射的作用，运用等效热阻对内热源部分进行估算，突出发动机传热部分对飞机整体辐射产生的影响，并建立一种可靠实用的空中飞机红外成像仿真模型，仿真过程中结合对空实拍红外图像进行动态调整，目标模拟结果真实感较强。

Thermal discharge from the plant will effect the adjacent water area, to some extent, even to cause thermal pollution, the coastal environment is deteriorated badly.

发电厂的废热通过冷却水排入环境水域，对水环境产生了很大的影响，甚至造成热污染，而对环境水域温升分布做出确切的预报是防止热污染的关键之一。

The effect of thermal difffusion on electrical properies of SrTiO_3multi-func-tion ceramics with coation ion was studied by application of the even design experimental method. Microstructure were investigated by SEM and TEM. Element analysis were examined by EPA and EDX techenolegy. No new intergranuar phrase were observed. The relationship amang electrical properties,diffusion conditions of the materials were discussed.

采用均匀设计液相涂覆热扩散方法，研究了涂覆离子，热扩散条件等对SrTiO_3系陶瓷电性能的影响；用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜作微观分析，用X射线能谱仪和电子探针作元素分析，证实钠离子的涂覆热扩散未在陶瓷晶粒之间产生新相，钠离子在晶粒内表面形成了一扩散层，讨论了扩散条件与电性能的内在联系。

The effect of thermal diffusion on electrical properies of SrTiO3 multi-function ceramics with coating ion was studied by application of the even design expermental method. Microstructure and element analysis were examined by SEM and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray analyss techenolegy. No new intergranuar phrase were oberved.The relationship amang electrical properties,diffusion conditions of the materials were discussed.

采用均匀设计液相涂覆热扩散方法，研究了涂覆离子，热扩散条件等对SrTiO3系陶瓷电性能的影响；用扫描电子显微镜作微观分析，X射线能谱仪作元素分析，证实钠离子的涂覆热扩散未在陶瓷晶粒之间产生新相，钠离子在晶粒内表面形成了一扩散层，讨论了扩散条件与电性能的内在联系。

When high power laser transmits in the atmosphere, thermal blooming will be generated. In order to study the phenomenon, the effect parameters to steady-state thermal blooming without wind are solved in detail by numerical simulation. It is studied that both epaxial light intensity and energy distribution at far field are affected by steady-state thermal blooming without wind.

为了研究强激光在大气传输过程中产生的热晕效应，采用数值模拟的方法，对无风时稳态热晕效应的影响参数进行了求解，探讨了无风稳态热晕效应对轴上光强以及远场能量分布的影响。

Thermal-gravimetric analysis, gas chromatogram and mass spectrum method have been used to study the characteristics of sulphide pollutant that released from the co-pyrolysis of biomass and coal blends.

采用热重分析和色谱、质谱偶联技术，对三种秸秆类生物质与煤混合热解过程中产生的含硫气体进行了在线检测，研究生物质对煤热解析出的COS气体的影响。

The effects of port injected n-heptane equivalence ratio and iso-octane direct injection timing are investigated experimentally and numerically. The results indicate that the combustion mode of iso-octane is dependant on the iso-octane direct injection timing corresponding to the stage of n-heptane HCCI combustion. In case of direct injection before the low temperature reaction of n-heptane, premixed combustion of the iso-octane occurs. In case of direct injection at the NTC period or the initial high temperature reaction stage of n-heptane, the iso-octane mainly undergoes premixed combustion.

进一步采用进气道预喷正庚烷，缸内直喷异辛烷，在没有火花点火和热EGR的辅助下利用预喷正庚烷HCCI燃烧产生活化热氛围的热作用和化学作用引燃缸内直喷高辛烷值燃料异辛烷，系统研究了不同预喷正庚烷当量比和缸内直喷时刻对直喷异辛烷燃烧模式、发动机效率和排放的影响，并用三维CFD耦合化学反应动力学对其燃烧过程进行数值模拟。

In order to reduce the tendency of hot crack in thin plate welding, a new process named Welding with Trailing Peening is used to prevent the weldments from welding hot crack by experiments and measurements from the view of mechanics.

针对焊接时薄板构件产生焊接热裂纹倾向大的缺点，从力学角度出发，采用随焊锤击的焊接新工艺，并利用试验和测试技术，来达到防止薄板焊接热裂纹的目的，开辟一条解决焊接热裂纹的新途径。

In order to reduce the tendency of hot crack in thin plate welding, a new process named Welding with Trailing Peening is used to prevent the weldments from welding hot crack by experiments and measurements from the view of mechanics. And the fundamental principle of WWTP is discussed.

针对焊接时薄板构件产生焊接热裂纹倾向大的缺点，从力学角度出发，采用随焊锤击的焊接新工艺，并利用试验和测试技术，来达到防止薄板焊接热裂纹的目的，开辟一条解决焊接热裂纹的新途径。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。