热效率

According to the principle of energy conversion and conservation in fuel combustion, the study is made to automatically control boiler combustion and to supervise boiler thermal efficiency real time on line. Representing fuel caloricity signal and on line thermal efficiency signal with the flame parameter, the combustion automatic control system has been successfully put into operation.

引 言在电力工业生产中，发电厂锅炉消耗大量的燃料，如何提高锅炉运行效率以节约能源，是人们长期力求解决的课题，从燃料燃烧的能量转换和守恒原理出发，对锅炉燃烧自动控制系统和锅炉热效率在线实时监测进行了一系列的探讨，找到了一个用火焰参数代表燃料发热量的能量信号和在线热效率信号。

The influence of excess air coefficient upon the thermal efficiency of heater has been discussed based on actual measurement and theoretical analysis on the relation between the excess air coefficient and flue gas loss, incomplete combustion loss and thermal efficiency of heater,the optimal excess air coefficient is given.

通过实际测试和理论分析过剩空气系数与排烟热损失、气体不完全燃烧热损失及加热炉热效率的关系，讨论了过剩空气系数对原油加热炉热效率的影响，给出了过剩空气系数的最佳范围。

The furring thickness of water pipe is the worst factors, along with the increasing of furring thickness, both the temperature and efficiency reduced. Secondly, when wax thickness of oil pipe enhanced, the media temperature at outlet increases, but the efficiency reduces.

不利因素中影响最大的是伴热管道结水垢，随着水垢厚度的增加，油出口温度及伴热效率都降低；其次是油管结蜡，随着油管结蜡厚度的增加，油出口温度有所增加，但伴热效率降低。

Results show that the combined configuration increases the thermal efficiency by 9.4 percent to 38.4 percent and the press ratio of the compressor, the maximum temperature of the cycle, the effectiveness of the recuperator and the ambient temperature affect the thermal efficiency to a certain extent respectively.

结果表明，该联合循环可将热效率提高9.4%，达到38.4%，循环增压比、最高温度、回热度和环境温度的变化均会对热效率产生一定的影响。

To get the maximum thermal efficiency of the system, control algorithm adopts the combination of routine control and online self-searching optimal control .

在优化控制中用常规控制与热效率在线自寻最优控制相结合的方法，组成加热炉热效率最优控制系统，以实现系统热效率最大。

According to thermodynamic basic theory, the expression of the gas turbine circulation thermal efficiency to coupling parameter on the premise of considering actual influence factor and the matrix form of steam turbine thermal efficiency with the unfired HRSG is strictly deduced through mathematics method .

根据热力学的基本理论，通过严格的数学推导，分别推导出考虑实际影响因素的燃气轮机实际循环热效率关于耦合参数的关系式，非补燃式余热锅炉型蒸汽轮机热效率的矩阵形式的关系式，最后得出了燃气-蒸汽联合循环热效率关于耦合参数的关系式。

Based on a computing model of floor heating residences, indoor thermal environment and heat distribution under the effect of heat charge/discharge, operation control and solar radiation has been concluded. Concept and formula of equivalent heat supply has been put forward which indicate that actual heat supply will be equal to the sum of design heat supply and equivalent heat supply. Recommend coefficient has been given taken Dalian as an example. Computed according to the new method, design heat supply can be reduced to 37% in cloudy day and 43.3% in sunny day, energy saving effect is very obvious. In Tromb wall solar house, effect of concrete wall on indoor temperature swing and attenuation of temperature wave is very obvious. While the outdoor air-temperature swing exceeds 10℃, indoor air-temperature swing belows 3℃. In the experiment, maximal difference in temperature between inner surface and outer surface of the 300mm wall exceeded 10℃. Heat storage and collector efficiency varies adversely according to solar radiation. Factors such as thickness, material, absorptance of the wall and permeation of the glass cover all have big influence on heat storage and collector efficiency. There exsisted an optimal thickness of the wall, which can make the best of heat storage and collector efficiency. Most of the heat stored in conventional Trombe wall during the daytime has been lost to the outside at night without heat preservation. Heat preservation on the outside surface of the wall has effectively improved heat release performance of the wall at night, heat supply to the room has increased too.

通过建立的地板采暖系统动态热性能分析模型，得出了在蓄放热特性、运行方式和太阳辐射等因素耦合作用下的室内热环境及热量分配比例，提出了等效供热量的概念及计算公式，指出实际所需供热量应等于设计供热量加上等效供热量，并以大连为例，给出了等效供热量的修正系数，以新方法计算，阴天可减少设计供热量37％，晴天最大可以减少设计供热量43.3％，节能效果显著；集热蓄热墙式太阳房中，混凝土蓄热墙的室温均一化效果和对温度波的削减作用非常明显，当室外温度波动最大幅度超过10℃时，室温波幅不超过3℃，实验中300mm厚墙体内外表面温差超过10℃；墙体蓄热效率与集热效率随太阳辐射照度的变化呈相反的变化趋势；墙体厚度、材料、表面吸收率以及盖板透过率等因素对集热和蓄热效率均有较大的影响，存在一个最佳的墙体厚度值，使得墙体集热和蓄热综合性能最优；传统的蓄热墙夜间没有外保温，辐射散热损失很大，研究表明墙体外保温方式明显改善了蓄热墙夜间的散热性能，增加了向室内的供热量。

Effects of arc welding processes,welding parameters as well as chemical compositions and mechanical properties of the base metal on arc efficiency ,melting efficiency and heat input for fusion welding processes are analyzed.

介绍了电弧焊过程热效率的物理含义及熔焊过程热效率的研究概况，比较了不同熔焊过程的热效率，分析了焊接方法、焊接参数及母材成分与性能对熔焊过程的电弧热效率、熔化效率及焊接热输入的影响规律。

It is well-known that heating-balance calculation and assess are essential to gas turbine combined-cycle based on engineering practice.

通过对燃气蒸汽联合循环的热平衡计算及分析，从工程实用的要求出发，计算各主要设备的热效率和整个联合循环装置的热效率，并分别进行评价，分析影响热效率的主要因素和对策。

In order to make the right evaluation of the state which is the consumption consume of the steam line system, we make an test of the heat loss of the steam line network. And we also probe into the heat loss of the steam line system and the factors. In order to solve the heat inefficency of the steam line system, we look into the present situation of the steam line network and the state of heat preservation. Then we found the open questions and the weak points of heat preservation. We make the evaluation and affirm the reason of the heat inefficency of the system. We adopted the combination of bench test and engineering optimization, then we screened out high-quality adiabator, and designed the best heating composition. We designed and developed the software"The analysis and optimization of energy of the steam line system in thermal production" It can offer convenience to the computational analysis of heat loss of the steam line system. It can also be used for design calculation and experimental verification of steam pipeline feasible radial-radius, so it can offer technical support for the reduce of heat loss of the system, the raise of well head steam quality and the raise of heat efficicency of the steam injection system.

为了对输汽系统的用能状况作出正确的分析评价，对输汽管线热损失进行了测试计算，对输汽系统热量损失及影响因素进行了探讨；为了解决输汽系统热效率低的问题，从输汽管网现状及管道保温状况调查入手，掌握存在的问题和保温薄弱环节，做出分析评价，确认导致系统热效率低的原因，采用室内试验与工程优化相结合的办法，筛选出优质保温材料，设计最优保温结构，同时设计开发了&热采输汽系统能量分析及优化软件&，为输汽系统热量损失计算分析和保温结构优化提供了方便，还对输汽管线合理辐射半径进行了设计计算及实验验证，从而为降低系统的热能损失，提高井口蒸汽干度，提高注汽系统的热效率提供了技术支持。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。