热性的

Methacrylic acid-acraldehyde/ montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared using Na+- montmorillonite via in-situ polymerization of methacrylic acid and acraldehyde in aqueous medium.

采用水溶性聚合单体甲基丙烯酸和丙烯醛在钠基蒙脱土层间直接原位插层聚合制备水溶性MAA-AL/MMT纳米复合材料，通过XRD和TEM对纳米复合材料的结构进行表征，采用TGA、DSC研究了纳米复合材料的热性能，同时考察了甲基丙烯酸与丙烯醛配比及体系pH值对纳米复合材料结构及应用性能的影响。

Novel chitosan derivative with long alky groups as the hydrophobic moieties and carboxymethyl groups as the hydrophilic moieties was synthesized. The chemical structure of N-octyl-O, N-carboxymethyl chitosan was characterized via FTIR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The physical properties were analyzed with wide angle X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry.

以天然可生物降解的壳聚糖为原料，通过在壳聚糖6位羟基上引入羧甲基，在2位氨基上引入疏水烷基链，制得N-辛基－O，N-羧甲基壳聚糖两亲性衍生物，分别用FTIR、1H NMR和元素分析等技术对其结构进行表征，用广角X射线衍射和差示扫描量热法对具物理性质进行分析，并考察其在各种溶剂中的溶解性能及其对难溶性药物的增溶能力。

In comparison with the experimental results of the two types of friction materials, we find that the intensity of heat fading is greatly related to the component of brake lining.

0引言摩擦系数的稳定性直接影响制动器工作的稳定性和驾车的安全性，其中，热稳定性是其中一项重要的指标，它是指制动衬片在制动过程中所表现出的摩擦因数随温度而变化的特性，主要反映在制动器的热衰退性上。

Tg=265℃ and poly with cardo groups (PEK-c, Tg=225℃) are new types of thermoplastic resins used as engineering plastics for their high temperature mechanical properties, electrical insulation, radiant resistance and thermal-oxidative stability.

酚酞型醚砜（PES-c，Tg=265℃）和酚酞型聚醚酮（PEK-c，Tg=225℃）均为新型热塑性树脂，具有很高的耐热性，优良的高温机械性能，电绝缘性，热氧稳定性和耐辐射性，作为工程塑料将具有广泛的用途。

Light output analysis tests character of spectrum radiate of pyrotechnic mixtures and analyses wave band distribute of light by comparing different static blaze spectrograms of the pyrotechnic mixtures. Screen out the better pyrotechnic mixtures according to request of pumping source. Press experiments in airtight erupt container experiment, which simulate the circumstance that pyrotechnic mixtures deflagrate in quartz pipe, realize the press influence to the quartz pipe wall and the disciplinarian of axes press variety. Apply these pyrotechnic mixtures to Nd:YAG lasers as the pumping source and compare pumping efficiency of different pyrotechnic mixtures. Pumping efficiency is an important standard which checkout if these pyrotechnic mixtures are the better pumping source. Sensitivity experiment analysis incarnate security of pyrotechnic mixtures that is the essential parameter in the process of design, manufacture and use.

通过对烟火药的热分析(爆热分析、DTA、TG)，了解备选烟火药反应过程中的能量输出特性及反应过程中的物理、化学变化规律；光输出分析实验对烟火药配方光谱辐射特征进行测试，比较其静态火焰光谱图，分析不同烟火药剂光辐射波段分布特征，根据激光泵浦源的辐射要求，进而筛选更符合激光泵浦源药剂要求的烟火药；模拟烟火药在石英管中爆燃环境的密闭爆发器压力分析实验反映了烟火药在石英管中反应时对管壁的压力影响以及管内轴向压力变化规律；将烟火药作为泵浦源应用于Nd：YAG固体激光器，比较不同烟火药的泵浦效率，作为检验烟火药是否适合作为激光泵浦源的重要标准；感度实验分析体现了各种烟火药的安全性，是烟火药设计、制造和使用的必要示性数。

It is very difficult to eliminate these influence factors completely by conventional treatment. Surface properties and surface treatment of ultrafine red phosphorus and MMT and their interface properties with polymer matrices were studied in this thesis. The results were characterized by GC, FTIR, XRD, DTA, TG, XPS, UV, SEM, TEM and other physical and chemical methods. The main contents are as following: 1. The study of factors influencing ultrafine red phosphorus's invariability and phosphine liberation indicated red phosphorus undergone oxidation and dismutation reaction in air, and trace ion of iron, copper and nickel fastened water absorption and oxidation, in which the effect of copper ion was the most, while aluminium and zinc ion could slow down red phosphorus'oxidation, and silver ion had the best effect on red phosphorus moisture absorption. Inhibitors such as aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, organic phenol and ferrous potassuim cyanide had a good effect on reducing red phosphorus moisture absorption and restraining phosphine liberation.

本文围绕纳微米材料的表面处理及其在高聚物基体中的应用这一主题，系统地研究了超细红磷和蒙脱土两种常见材料的表面特性、表面处理方法及其与高聚物基体的界面特性，通过气相色谱、红外光谱、X射线衍射、差热、热重、X射线光电子能谱仪、紫外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜等现代分析仪器以及其它物理、化学方法对实验结果进行了表征和分析，全文主要内容如下： 1、对影响超细红磷安定性的因素以及磷化氢的缓释研究表明：红磷在空气中发生缓慢氧化、歧化反应，微量的铜、铁、镍等金属离子增加了它的吸水和氧化速度，其中铜离子的作用最为明显，而铝、锌等离子减慢了红磷的氧化速度，银离子对减少红磷的吸湿性效果最好。

Polywas directly halogenated to select halogenation agents such as Cl and Br and catalyst system.

通过将聚乙烯醇直接卤化取代，筛选出Cl、Br等卤化剂、催化剂，并优选出合适的体系，使其既保持PVA的高阻氧性，又能保证加工性时的热稳定

The results show that the compound conductive fiber has typical structure of sheath-core consists of black greened polyaniline electric conductive deposition as the skin and the white polypropylene matrix fiber as the core, which makes the compound fiber preferable physical mechanical property. The intensity and the elongation ratio of the electric conductive fiber are decreased but the thermal stability is enhanced after modified. The compound fiber has the good acid resistance but poor base resistance. The thermal stability of the compound fiber prepared by 4-methyl-benzene sulfonic acid is better than that prepared by hydrochloride acid. Moreover, the compound fiber can be re-doped by other organic or inorganic acid after freed from the adsorbed acid. Furthermore, the electric conductivity of the compound fiber decreases with the temperature increasing but hardly changed with the humidity. The adsorptive ability and therefore the content of the polyaniline, the constant of electric conduction, and the durability of the compound fiber can be enhanced by thinning the diameter, section heteromorphosis, section heteromorphosis and plasma treatment of the surface or blending with COPET of the fiber.

结果表明：复合纤维是聚丙烯与聚苯胺的共混体系，具有典型的皮芯型结构，皮层为墨绿色的聚苯胺沉积层，形成连续的导电通道，芯层为白色的聚丙烯基质纤维，提供物理机械性能；导电改性后纤维的强度、强力和伸长率均有下降，但热稳定性得到提高；复合纤维的耐酸性比耐碱性好，以对甲苯磺酸做掺杂酸比盐酸掺杂聚苯胺热稳定性好，脱掺杂后的复合纤维，可用其它无机酸或有机酸进行再掺杂；复合导电纤维的电导率随温度升高降低幅度较大，但几乎不受湿度影响；基质纤维细旦化、截面异形化、表面等离子体处理或共混COPET等改性处理均能提高纤维的吸附性，进而提高复合纤维表面聚苯胺含量、电导率和耐久性。

The results showed that abrasion resistance of refiner plate made of high chromium cast iron was better than that of the stainless steel material.

通过对热磨机的磨盘材料不锈钢和高铬铸铁的耐磨性对比研究表明，高铬铸铁比不锈钢有更好的耐磨性。

Here, Risk Assessment Code matrix method and runaway scenario analysis method were used to evaluate the thermal runaway criticality, and some reaction conditions were compared and analyzed as well. At last, based on the experimental results, the theoretical calculation was adopted to analyze the decomposition of nitration product and the electrophilic substitution mechanism of these nitration reactions. All these work are of important value for the correct evaluation of thermal risk and the decrease of chemical reaction runaway accidents.

本文采用风险矩阵法和失控情景分析方法评估此反应的热失控危险，对反应中的一些影响因素展开比较和分析，并结合实验结果，从理论角度进一步分析了各硝化产物分解的难易性和硝化反应亲电取代的硝化机理，这些工作对准确评估反应的热危险，减少反应失控事故具有重要的参考价值。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。