热带扰动

The contributions of mean flow absolute vorticity advection〓term at the low level to the negative vorticity were more than that of the transient disturbances over the most part of South China and the subtropical western Pacific in the two years.

在华南大部和副热带西太平洋，这两年低层平均流绝对涡度平流〓对负涡度的贡献大于瞬变扰动。

We studied the constraints and impacts of inhomogeneous climatic mean state of Tropical Pacific Ocean on air-sea disturbances using the relationship between the epilimnion and variation of sea bottom orography in the Eastern and Western Pacific Ocean, and provided dynamical explanation.

利用东西太平洋地区海底地形的变化与温跃层之间的关系，研究了热带太平洋非均匀的气候基态对海气扰动形成和发展的影响和制约，并作出了动力学解释。3。

The variation of HST disturbance over tropical Pacific Ocean is related to the moving and change of ICZ and SPCZ over Pacific Ocean.

热带太平洋HST的扰动变化和太平洋的ITCZ和SPCZ的移动和变化也有一定的关联。

A tropical disturbance NNW of Guam developed into a tropical depression and was denoted by 22W by JTWC.

一个在关岛西北偏北的扰动今晚增强为热带低气压，并被给予临时编号 22W。

During the four years study on the project, we develop a dynamical forecast model that describing the subtropical ridge surface. A new theory on the role of the land-sea thermal difference on the formation of the Subtropical High is advanced. It is concluded that in the summer subtropics over each continent and its adjacent ocean LO, SE, CO, and a double-dominant heating from west to east compose a LOSECOD heating quadruplet. The influence of the Eurasia continent on SH varies according to the seasonal variation. From the ideal numerical simulation it is shown the important role of the Eaiuan continent and the huge topography on the mechanism of formation and mantanence of the SH during the summer. It is verified by the numerical simulation that the extension of the subtropical continent into the tropics greatly enhances the " East Asian monsoon". Through the Rossby energy dissipation theory it is verified that the deep latent convective heating induces the onset of the South China Sea monsoon over the Bay of Bengal. The relationship and mechanism between the precipitaiton over the East Asia and the Subtropicla high is illustrated by the data. It is also found the close phase lock between the east-west shift of the SH and the disturbence of the east wind belt over the tropical troposphere. The interaction between the structure and activity feature of the SH and the Meiyu over the Yangtze-Huaihe river valley is revealed from the data. The numerical simulation verified the impact of the different SH pattern on the path of the typhoon.

本项目的研究发展了描述副热带高压脊面变化的动力模型，提出了夏季副热带地区四叶型非绝热加热分布型及相应环流拼图的创新理论；明确了大陆尺度的海陆热力差异在副热带高压形成中的作用；指出欧亚地形对副热带高压和气候的影响随季节变化而变化，通过数值试验证明春季青藏高原的感热加热对亚洲夏季风的爆发地点起了"锚定"的作用，进一步证实了副热带高压断裂和亚洲夏季风的最早爆发地点发生在孟加拉湾东岸；利用Rossby波能量频散理论证明了孟加拉湾深对流潜热释放诱导南海季风爆发的机制；揭示了东亚季风降水的季节内变化与西太副高的关系及机理；揭示了西太副高与东西风带中扰动之间的相互作用过程，指出西太副高的东西活动与热带对流层上空东风带扰动和中纬度西风带扰动的移动和锁相密切相关；研究了夏季淮河流域梅雨期间副高结构和活动特征及其与江淮暴雨的相互作用；验证了不同副热带高压形态对台风路径的不同影响；通过数值试验证明了欧亚大陆和青藏高原等大地形对副热带高压形成和维持的重要作用。

Also, during this process, the water content in vegetation increases and keeps stable gradually, and the water environment in ecosystem will become suavely.

摘 要：本文以南亚热带常绿阔叶林为基本，同时探讨了热带南亚热带森林演替系列中8种生态系统类型的水分结构，发现植被水分结构的恢复与土壤水分结构的恢复是不同步的，50a以上没有受扰动的土壤，其土壤水分结构在时空上才趋于稳定；植被水分结构的时空稳定性基本上与生态系统的演替状况一致；为满足植被蒸腾的需要，植被中水分的月更新次数随着群落向顶极系统的演替而逐渐减少。

The composite analysis of the 5 major ENSO events since 1980's show that, through the meridional wind anomaly, the extratropical atmospheric disturbances play a role in triggering the occurrence as well as in the development and decay of ENSO.

合成分析了20世纪80年代以来5次主要的ENSO事件，发现外热带大气扰动通过经向风异常不仅对ENSO的发生起到重要的触发作用，而且影响到ENSO的发展和衰减。

In this paper, we use 500hPa geopotential height to study the abnormal disturbance for the North-ern Hemisphere poleward of 20°N summertime from 1957 to 1979, special focusing on persistent anom-alies which persistent time are longer than that of synoptic scale variability.

本文利用23年夏季3个月的500hPa位势高度场，对20°N以北的热带以外地区的位势高度异常进行了分析，着重研究了持续时间超过天气尺度扰动时间（大约1周）的持续异常。

But in the process of the denaturing of the typhoon Matsa,there was...

而麦莎变性过程中，没有高层湿位涡扰动下传和热带气旋低压环流之间的相互作用过程，无再加强过程。

During the four years study on the project, we develop a dynamical forecast model that describing the subtropical ridge surface. A new theory on the role of the land-sea thermal difference on the formation of the Subtropical High is advanced. It is concluded that in the summer subtropics over each continent and its adjacent ocean LO, SE, CO, and a double-dominant heating from west to east compose a LOSECOD heating quadruplet. The influence of the Eurasia continent on SH varies according to the seasonal variation. From the ideal numerical simulation it is shown the important role of the Eaiuan continent and the huge topography on the mechanism of formation and mantanence of the SH during the summer. It is verified by the numerical simulation that the extension of the subtropical continent into the tropics greatly enhances the " East Asian monsoon". Through the Rossby energy dissipation theory it is verified that the deep latent convective heating induces the onset of the South China Sea monsoon over the Bay of Bengal. The relationship and mechanism between the precipitaiton over the East Asia and the Subtropicla high is illustrated by the data. It is also found the close phase lock between the east-west shift of the SH and the disturbence of the east wind belt over the tropical troposphere. The interaction between the structure and activity feature of the SH and the Meiyu over the Yangtze-Huaihe river valley is revealed from the data. The numerical simulation verified the impact of the different SH pattern on the path of the typhoon.

本项目的研究发展了描述副热带高压脊面变化的动力模型，提出了夏季副热带地区四叶型非绝热加热分布型及相应环流拼图的创新理论；明确了大陆尺度的海陆热力差异在副热带高压形成中的作用；指出欧亚地形对副热带高压和气候的影响随季节变化而变化，通过数值试验证明春季青藏高原的感热加热对亚洲夏季风的爆发地点起了&锚定&的作用，进一步证实了副热带高压断裂和亚洲夏季风的最早爆发地点发生在孟加拉湾东岸；利用Rossby波能量频散理论证明了孟加拉湾深对流潜热释放诱导南海季风爆发的机制；揭示了东亚季风降水的季节内变化与西太副高的关系及机理；揭示了西太副高与东西风带中扰动之间的相互作用过程，指出西太副高的东西活动与热带对流层上空东风带扰动和中纬度西风带扰动的移动和锁相密切相关；研究了夏季淮河流域梅雨期间副高结构和活动特征及其与江淮暴雨的相互作用；验证了不同副热带高压形态对台风路径的不同影响；通过数值试验证明了欧亚大陆和青藏高原等大地形对副热带高压形成和维持的重要作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。