热化

The method adopts the following steps: after mixed, phosphorus source, silicon source, aluminum source, an organic template agent, water and a precursor of the SAPO molecular sieve are hydrothermally crystallized for at least 0.1 hour at the temperature ranging from 110 to 260 DEG C to obtain the SAPO molecular sieve; wherein, the preparation method for the precursor of the SAPO molecular sieve has the following steps:, the molar ratio is 0.03 to 0.6 R:(Si0.01 to 0.98: Al 0.01 to 0.6: P0.01 to 0.6): 2 to 500 H2O; wherein, R stands for mixture solution of raw materials which is blended by the phosphorus source, the silicon source, the aluminum source, the an organic template agent and water of the template agent;, the mixture solution of raw materials prepared in step reacts at the temperature which is at least 50 DEG C lower than the crystallization temperature for at least 0.1 hour.

本发明通过采用包括以下步骤：将磷源、硅源、铝源、有机模板剂、水和SAPO分子筛前驱体混合后在110～260℃的温度下水热晶化至少0.1小时获得SAPO分子筛；其中SAPO分子筛的前驱体的制备包括以下步骤：将摩尔配比为0.03～0.6R∶(Si0.01～0.98∶Al0.01～0.6∶P0.01～0.6)∶2～500H 2 O，式中R代表模板剂的磷源、硅源、铝源、有机模板剂和水混合成原料混合液；将步骤制备的原料混合液在低于晶化温度至少50℃的温度下反应至少0.1小时的技术方案较好地解决了该问题，可应用于含氧化合物制烯烃催化剂的制备过程。

Based on the ottimizing, we have obtained silicious ZSM-5 zeolite with less than 500 nm crystal size and as high as 84% product yield based SiO2 from a gel of SiO2/Al2O3 = 170, which meant a high possibility of commercial application.

物料恒算表明，在本文所建立的优化合成体系中，从SiO2/Al2O3 =170的凝胶中水热晶化出小于500 纳米的小晶粒ZSM-5沸石的二氧化硅收率约为84%。在晶化母液循环使用的情况下，上述体系具备了工业化应用的可能。

Inorganic-organic hybrids were prepared by combining Schiff base complexes of manganese with silicotungstic acid. The composition and structure of the hybrid L^1-Mn-SiW (L^1: N, N'-disalicylidene-1, 6-hexanediamine) were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry.

将席夫碱锰配合物与硅钨酸结合制备出一种新颖的无机－有机杂化固体催化剂，通过红外光谱和热重表征数据推测出这种催化剂的组成和结构，并将其用于磷酸与等摩尔月桂醇酯化制备长链单烷基磷酸酯。

Pristine Li-Al LDHs are synthesized by hydrothermal process in different reaction conditions by varying the aging time for 1 and 24 hours. Both the Li-Al layered double hydroxides (abbreviated as Li-Al LDH1 and Li-Al LDH24 for aging time 1 hour and 24 hours, respectively) were modified by using sulphanilic acid sodium salt hydrate, modified agent to form modified Li-Al LDH1-SAS and Li-Al LDH24-SAS. The morphology of the pristine layered double hydroxides are investigated by using wide angle X-rays diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and particle size analyzer which indicates that the crystallinity and aspect ratio is increased with increasing the aging time from 1 hour to 24 hours. The particle size of Li-Al LDH24 and Li-Al LDH1 are found to be ~1000 nm and ~250 nm, respectively. Both the pristine and modified LDHs are characterized by XRD, FTIR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis.

本研究目的在於改变长晶时间的长短，合成出同径大小的Li-Al LDHs，再经由改质剂sulphanilic acid sodium salt hydrate将Li-Al LDHs无机层材表面有机官能化制备出改质型Li-Al LDHs-SAS，於是进一步藉由扫描式电子显微镜、射径仪和穿透式电子显微镜等仪器分别观察LDHs改质前和改质后其主层结构型态上的变化；从中可以发现Li-Al LDHs随著长晶时间的增加其径有随之增大的趋势，但经有机化改质后其径会由於改质环境的影响明显低许多，针对此现象本实验将未改质和改质后之Li-Al人工无机层材制备成复材进一步探讨其在热性质和难燃特性上的为表现。

PI-1 and PI-2 polyimide films were prepared from 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride and ODA确良by two-step polymerization under the thermal and mixed imidization procedures.

采用两步法首先合成聚酰胺酸，然后经热酰亚胺化和混合酰亚胺化工艺制备了BTDA/ODA型的PI-1 和PI-2两种聚酰亚胺薄膜。

The experimental results show that the distributions of content and toxicity equivalent quantity of PAHs in raw coal are similar to coal gasification but this compositions and contents are different. The rise of coal rank leads to the decrease of the content and TEQ of PAHs in raw coal and the increase of TEQ during coal gasification, while the content of PAHs emission from coal gasification increases first and then decreases with the increase of coal rank. The total PAHs contents generated in coal gasification of some sorts of coals are higher than in raw coal. The types of PAHs formed in coal gasification include undecomposed PAHs in raw coal, pyrosysthensis PAHs, and radical polymerization PAHs at high temperature.

试验结果表明：煤气化前后多环芳烃质量分数和毒性当量质量分数的分布特徵相似，但多环芳烃的组成和质量分数不同；煤化程度增加，原煤多环芳烃质量分数和毒性当量质量分数减小，煤气化多环芳烃质量分数先增后减，毒性当量质量分数与煤化程度呈线性关系；部分煤种气化多环芳烃的质量分数高於原煤多环芳烃质量分数，且煤气化多环芳烃的种类分为原煤未分解的多环芳烃、热解合成的多环芳烃、自由基高温缩合生成的多环芳烃。

The initiation temperature of the exotherm of P was little influenced by the atmosphere, however, distinctly decreased with the enhancement of IA content in the copolymer, which implied that the initiation of nitrile cyclization reaction preceded the onset of oxidation reaction through an ionic mechanism.

P共聚物的放热峰起始温度受气氛影响不大，却随着IA含量的增加而明显降低，表明在热稳定化过程中它可能首先以离子机理发生氰基环化反应，再发生氧化反应。

Apparent different thermal behaviors between micro-PS and o-PS were observed during DSC scan: micro-PS displayed an irregular exotherm aboveglass transition and an exotherm of about 6.4 J/g at around 157 ℃ during the firstscan, and only one glass transition similar to o-PS was shown in the subsequent scan.

具体表现为两者在热行为方面的差异：第一次DSC扫描过程中，micro-PS出现两个放热峰，第一个不规则且与玻璃化转变重叠，第二个在157 ℃；而第二次DSC扫描则仅表现出与o-PS一样的玻璃化转变。

A and B isomers could interconvert each other by an inversion of the imine nitrogen atom. In this work, we investigated the substituent effects and solvent effects. This study used the most popular one of density functional theory method unrestricted hybrid Becke three-parameter Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) with the 6-31+G basis set to compute the reaction and activation energies of B/A thermal isomerization.

腙分子的异构化过程藉由转动亚胺基上的氮原子，使腙分子由A 型结构转变成B 型结构(Scheme1)，本研究运用密度泛函数理论中最常被使用的B3LYP，搭配6-31+G基底函数，计算腙分子异构化过程的活化能以及反应热，并且考虑取代基与溶剂效应对能量所造成的影响。

Research result indicated that the cooperative effect between swell and precursor is main factor for the nanoparticle loaded in Nafion, and moreover, polarity of solvent and water content in Nafion also affects the load largely. To improve away the surface concentration of CdS nanocrystal on two side of membrane for general preparation, thioacetamide was first used as a precursor instead of inorganic sulfur source(H2S and Na2S) in synthesis of CdS nanocrystal. The assembly mechanism for several sulfur source had been studied, and CdS/Nafion with the character of homogeneous disperse had been prepared, which is fit for mass transmission in photocatalitic reaction. Following the investigation of several crystallizing way, simple and reliable hydrothermal-crystallizing was found. According to this way, maximal TiO2 load in Nafion achieved 43%. Activity of TiO2/Nafion or CdS/Nafion as a photocatalyst was explored initially for disintegrating liquid contamination. Maximal decompose rate achieved 86% under condition of this research.

研究结果表明：Nafion膜对纳米粒子负载量的主要影响因素是溶胀作用与前驱体协同效应，同时溶剂极性和薄膜含水量对负载量也影响相当大；本课题首次使用硫代乙酰胺代替传统无机硫源（H2S、Na2S）合成CdS纳晶，研究了各种硫源的组装机理，克服了常规技术存在的CdS纳晶趋于膜表面富集的缺点，得到了有利于光催化传质需要的体相均匀分布CdS/Nafion；研究了多种Nafion膜内纳米粒子晶化途径，找到了简单可靠的水热晶化法，TiO2纳晶最高负载量达43％；初步探索了TiO2/Nafion、CdS/Nafion作为光催化剂降解水中模拟污染物的活性，在本实验条件下最高降解率达86％。

The objective is to subjugate and discourage the people, because that allows the elite to continue to rule unopposed.

其目的是压制和打击人民的积极性，因为这可以让实权派继续统治不会沦为反对派。

GOD,this is the second time you vanquished me!

天啊，这是第二次你打败了我！