热化

The crystal-lization of this amorphous alloy is a multi-stage continuous nucleation up to saturation process. The local crystallization energy decreases gradually indicating that the thermal stability of the residual amorphous matrix becomes weak at the steady crystallization stage, which is ascribed to the diffusion of boron atoms at elevated temperatures.

进一步研究发现，该非晶合金的晶化为多阶段的连续形核直至饱和的过程；当进入稳定晶化阶段时，剩余非晶的局域晶化激活能逐渐下降，非晶基体的热稳定性降低，这是由B原子的高温扩散导致的。

Finally, for the study of coking process on the alkylation catalyst, the deactived catalyst had been combusted by thermal analyzer and the method of dealing with data had been investigated to detect the correlation between the quantity retractation extent of coke on catalyst and reaction condition of alkylation.

最后，为了进一步研究烷基化催化剂结焦失活过程，用热重分析仪对失活催化剂进行烧焦实验，并进行有关数据处理方法研究，探索催化剂结焦量和焦炭缩合程度随烷基化反应条件的变化规律。

The results indicate that it is possible to identify and distinguish these siccative oils because the unsaturated acid had changed into azelaic due to oxidation and polymerization during the drying process to make the chromatogram of siccative oils have a typical peak of C9 compound and provide a finger marker of m/z 217, and the concentration ratio of palmitic acid to stearic acid remains constant with time to facilitate the differentiation of oils.

分析时采用了热裂解与甲基化同时进行的技术。分析结果显示，4种干性油的不饱和脂肪酸在成膜后的甲基化产物均为壬二酸二甲酯，离子质量与离子电荷量比值为217，是干性油的特征检测峰。4种油中不同含量的软脂酸和硬脂酸在干性油成膜前后的比值不变，为干性油的甄别提供了可能性。

Nowadays with the booming development of microelectronic technique, the functions of the components of machinery, electricity, magnetism, optics, acoustics and thermotics have been improved rapidly. And the micromation of components, the integration of electronic equipments, the worse working environment, the increasing requirement and EMI, all of these make the structural design of electronic equipments more and more important.

在微电子学高度发展的今天，促使机、电、磁、光、声和热等元器件功能飞速提高，随着元器件微型化，电子设备趋向集成化，再加上一些日趋恶劣的工作环境，各种使用要求的提高，空间电磁环境的干扰，以及由于装填密度高，产生的内在干扰等，使得电子设备的结构设计变得越来越重要。

In this project, we study the theory of higher order differential equations in Banach spaces and related topics. We solve an open problem put forward by two American Mathematicians and two Italian Mathematicians concerning wave equations with generalized Weztzell boundary conditions, introduce an existence family of operators from a Banach space $Y$ to $X$ for the Cauchy problem for higher order differential equations in a Banach space $X$, establish a sufficient and necessary condition ensuring $ACP_n$ possesses an exponentially bounded existence family, as well as some basic results in a quite general setting about the existence and continuous dependence on initial data of the solutions of $ACP_n$ and $IACP_n$. We set up quite a few multiplicative and additive perturbation theorems for existence families governing a wide class of higher order differential equations, regularized cosine operator families, regularized semigroups, and solution operators of Volterra integral equations, obtain classical and strict solutions having optimal regularity for the inhomogeneous nonautonomous heat equations with generalized Wentzell boundary conditions, gain novel existence and uniqueness theorems,which extend essentially the existing results, for mild and classical solutions of nonlocal Cauchy problems for semilinear evolution equations, present a new theorem with regard to the boundary feedback stabilization of a hybrid system composed of a viscoelastic thin plate with one part of its edge clamped and the rest-free part attached to a visocelastic rigid body. Also we obtain many other research results.

在本研究中，我们对Banach空间中的高阶算子微分方程的理论以及相关理论进行了深入研究，解决了由美国和意大利的四位数学家联合提出的一个关于广义Wentzell边界条件下的波动方程适定性的公开问题，恰当地定义了Banach空间中的高阶算子微分方程Cauchy问题的算子存在族及唯一族，建立了齐次和非齐次高阶算子微分方程Cauchy问题适定性的判别定理，获得了关于高阶退化算子微分方程的算子存在族、正则余弦算子族、正则算子半群、Volterra积分方程解算子族的乘积扰动和混合扰动定理，得到了关于以依赖于时间的二阶微分算子为系数的一大类非自治热方程非齐次情形下的时变广义Wentzell动力边值问题的古典解、严格解的最大正则性结果，获得了半线性发展方程非局部Cauchy问题广义解和经典解存在唯一的判别条件，从实质上推广了现有的相关结果；得到了一部分边缘固定而另一部分附在一粘弹性刚体上的薄板构成的混合粘弹性系统的边界反馈稳定化的新稳定化定理，还建立了一系列其他研究结果。

All the results above suggested that it was the cyclic electron transport but the xanthophyll cycle that play the key role in the photoprotection of the rice hybrids. The cyclic electron transport was enhanced under excessive light, thus more ATPs, which could be used for the repair of the damaged D1 protein, would be produced by cyclic phosphorylation.

这些实验结果首次阐明，叶黄素循环的热耗散在杂交稻的光保护中不起关键作用，而环式电子传递则对于杂交稻的光保护起至关重要的作用，其机理可能在于强光条件下环式磷酸化的加剧生成大量ATP用于光破坏的修复作用，同时避免类囊体膜的过度酸化，从而导致强光下qN的下降。

This study is to investigate the high temperature hot corrosion behavior of aluminide coating and platinum-aluminide coating on Ni-base superalloy MAR-M247. On the platinum-aluminide, aluminide and the base metal, respectively, by the salt spraying method.

本文研究MAR-M247镍基超合金表面经铝化涂层或白金铝化涂层处理后，其热腐蚀效应对腐蚀速率与显微组织之影响，并藉试片质量增加量的变化评估抗热腐蚀的能力。

Microcalorimetric measurements of NH~3 adsorption on catalysts reveal that the remarkable strong acidity and catalytic activity of the Al- promoted catalysts are caused by a change of distribution of acid site strengths and an enhancement in the number of strong and intermediate-strong acid sites effective for the n-butane isomerization and benzoylation of toluene.

NH~3吸附微量热结果表明，Al促进样品的强酸性和催化活性的显著提高是由于样品表面的酸位强度分布发生了变化，有利于正丁烷异构化反应和苯甲酰化反应的中强酸位和强酸位的酸量显著增加。

English Outline Describes the classification and characteristics of biochemical reactions, major metabolic pathways; biochemical thermodynamics, biokinetics, immobilization technology, bioreactor construction, experimental design, mass transfer, heat transfer, and flow pattern; mathematical modeling, computer simulation, and optimization; the classification of reactors, aerobic and anaerobic, their operational characteristics and applications.

Chinese Outline 探讨生物化学反应种类及其特性，主要代谢路径；生物热力学、生物动力学、酵素特性探讨与酵素动力学，固定化技术、生物反应器之组装、实验设计、反应器内质传、热传及流动型态解析；数学模式，电脑模拟及最适化；简介反应器种类：好氧及厌氧反应器，其操作特性与应用。

Firstly, it is difficult to densify CeO2 based solid electrolyte materials and a sintering temperature above 1600℃is required to prepare dense CeO2 based solid electrolyte materials by the conventional solid-state reaction method;Secondly, doped ceria are brittle materials and have weak mechanical strength, which would be susceptible to fracture due to thermal stresses and mechanical stresses during cell fabrication and operation; Thirdly, electronic conduction will be introduced because of the reduction of Ce4+ under low oxygen partial pressure, which would reduce the output voltage and output power of the cells.

其一，CeO_2基电解质材料难以致密化，用常规的固态反应法制备的CeO_2基电解质粉体需要在1600℃以上烧结才能达到致密化；其二，CeO_2基电解质为脆性材料，机械强度低，使其容易在电池的制造及运行过程中由于热应力及机械应力而破裂；其三，CeO_2基电解质在燃料极一侧由于Ce4+还原为Ce3+出现电子导电，降低电池的输出电压和输出功率，影响电池的性能。

You need to lie low for a while.

你们得歇手一段时间

If you do, you may just be pleasantly surprised.

如果你开口问了，或许有意想不到的惊喜。