热化

The features of the design approach are that the coupling function between water utilization network and heat exchange network is considered;in the first stage,the step-by-step double-linear programming method is employed for the design of water utilization network targeting both minimum water consumption and minimum energy loss,realizing the minimum water consumpt.

其特点是：考虑了用水网络和换热网络之间的耦合作用，在设计的第一阶段即用水网络设计阶段，以同时的用水量最小和火用损最小为目标采用逐步双线性规划法来设计用水网络，实现整个过程的用水最小化并为第二阶段的换热网络设计提供最合理的冷流和热流股以确保能量的合理利用；对于设计的第二阶段的换热网络设计，可直接采用文献中的方法。

The aim of this study was to develop a novel amphiphilic functional block poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing ketone groups MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL. 2-oxepane-1, 5-dione was copolymerized with ε-caprolatone in which methoxy poly (MPEG, Mn=5 000) and stannous octoate were used as initiator and catalyst, respectively. The syntheses were conducted by bulk and solution polymerization. 1H NMR results showed that peak position and splitting of the polymers synthesized through solution polymerization were consistent with theoretical data, demonstrating the products were designed block copolymers. While in the bulk polymerization, polymer peak position was changed due to their high reaction temperature, suggesting their structural variation.

将带有羰基官能团的4-羰基己内酯和ε-己内酯分别在甲氧基聚乙二醇(MPEG，Mn=5 000)为引发剂，异辛酸亚锡为催化剂溶液和本体体系中开环聚合，合成了两亲性侧基带有羰基官能团的聚己内酯嵌段共聚物MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL.1H NMR结果表明采用溶液聚合法合成的聚合物各峰的峰位置和分裂情况与理论一致，证明了产物是实验所设计的嵌段共聚物，而采用本体聚合法合成的聚合物由于温度的影响，聚合物各峰的峰位置发生了变化，说明其结构发生了变化；差示扫描量热法分析结果表明随着OPD单体含量的增加，聚合物的熔点，玻璃化转变温度和熔融焓增加；热失重测试结果表明OPD单体的引入增加了聚合物的热敏感性。

--- Ambient air (2) is canalized and cooled in a free space (4) delimited by a thermally insulated enclosure (1) and a radiating heat exchanger (3) of which the outer face (6) is heat-absorbing and the inner face (5) is heat-radiating.

摘要---周围空气中（ 2 ）是渠化和冷却，在一个自由的空间（ 4 ）分隔由一个热绝缘外壳（ 1 ）及辐射换热器（ 3 ），其中外面对（ 6 ）是吸热和党内面对（ 5 ）是热辐射。

Experiment results show that though the grains of the heat-affected zone are seriously coarsened due to the effect of welding thermal cycle, there is no softened zone and the strength of the welded joint doesn′t decrease because the transformed microstructure is different from the original one.

结果表明：经过焊接热循环的作用，虽然热影响区的晶粒明显粗化，但由于所获得的二次组织形态与钢筋原始组织不同，热影响区未发生软化，也不存在焊接接头强度下降的问题。

Experiment results show that though the grains of the heat-affected zone were seriously coarsened due to the effect of welding thermal cycle, there is no softened zone and the strength of the welded joint doesn't decrease because the transformed microstructure is different from the original microstructure of the rebar.

结果表明：经过焊接热循环的作用，虽然热影响区晶粒明显粗化，但由于所获得的二次组织形态与钢筋原始组织不同，热影响区不发生软化，也不存在焊接接头强度下降问题。

The thermal dynamic properties、glassing transition temperature and melting point of soybean proteins are studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry , Thermogravimetry Analysis —Differential Thermal Analysis .

利用差示扫描量热分析、热重法-差热分析对大豆蛋白热力学性质、玻璃化转变温度和熔点等进行了研究，这些数据对于研究大豆蛋白可生物降解材料具有重要参考价值。

Relation equation between blackbody temperature and two color gray ratio of thermal radiation image was set up.

3进行激光熔池测温专用软件需求和可行性分析，描述了激光熔池热辐射图像的数据流程，采用模块化思想进行软件设计，基于数字图像处理技术，开发出一套激光再制造熔池测温专用软件，详细介绍了热辐射图像的数据采集、输入/输出、图像处理、温度计算模块及程序设计开发。4介绍了常用黑体辐射源的结构、加热控温方式和性能评价方式，对不同类型的黑体辐射源进行了详细描述，选择中国计量科学研究院的标准高温黑体辐射源进行温度标定，建立了热辐射图像比色值与温度之间的对应关系。

How this type of products to be ruggedized?By analysing the ruggedization method of the VME module equipped with PMC card in some airborne computer,we expatiated on the basic idea and the method of the heat ruggedization problem for industrial components and modules used in military equipment system.

通过对某机载计算机中的带PMC背板的 VME 模块的热加固方法进行分析，阐述了工业级芯片及电子模块产品军用化的热加固基本思想和方法，揭示了在对工业级产品进行加固时应注意的问题，从而为有效解决该类模块的热加固问题打下基础。

The sweltering climatic conditions in summer make rooftops reradiate heat back to the surroundings after their absorbing and storing lots of solar radiation heat.

摘要 夏季高温炎热的气候条件，使建筑物屋顶在吸收大量的日射热之后，再将热以再辐射回到大气，导致城市的高温化，形成都市热岛现象。

The sweltering climatic conditions in summer make rooftops reradiate heat back to the surroundings after their absorbing and storing lots of solar radiation heat.

夏季高温炎热的气候条件，使建筑物屋顶在吸收大量的日射热之后，再将热以再辐射回到大气，导致城市的高温化，形成都市热岛现象。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。