热功率

Qingdao°·French°·company to introduce a complete set of production technology and management experience, specializing in the kinds of non-standard heat pipe radiator (IGBT, GTO, diode, thyristor, optical devices, such as heating power devices used), water cooling plate, heat pipe heat exchanger (for closed, air / air), and the molten metal heat insulation direct immersion heater used for research and development and production.

青岛阿特姆全面引进法国阿特姆公司的全套生产技术和管理经验，专业从事各种非标热管散热器（IGBT、GTO、二极管、晶闸管、光学器件等发热功率器件用）、水冷却板、热管换热器（适用封闭箱体内，空气/空气）、以及熔融金属加热保温用直接浸入式加热器的研究和开发生产。

This text introduces the principle of laser power meter, and analyzes the reason of measuring error.

本文着重介绍了多种激光功率测量的方法和原理，并对影响激光功率测量精度的光电等效性、零点热漂移、数据处理等方面进行分析和提出改进意见。

During the process of calculating the stable temperature rise of an electromagnet, the power in the cold state can be used as a heat source if electrical resistance changes of the coil from the cold state to the stable state have few effects on the power.

在计算电磁铁的稳态温升时，若线圈电阻从冷态到稳定发热时的变化对发热功率影响不大，可将冷态时的发热功率当作热源进行计算，应用稳态热路法计算线圈的稳态温升。

The study results indicate that as emission power increases, the peak power density on the section of a certain distance will increase firstly, then it will descend and that the peak light intensity on the section will increase with the increasing of spot radius of basic mode Gaussian beam. As the propagation distance increases, the peak light intensity on the section will descend gradually, and the laser energy will spread. The light intensity distribution exhibits straw hat shape on a certain conditions, in other word to say, the central light intensity is less than acroteric light intensity.

结果表明，无风稳态热晕效应存在时，随发射功率的增大，一定传输距离截面上的峰值功率密度先增人后减小；截面上的峰值光强随基模高斯光束的腰斑半径的增大而增大；随着传输距离的增大，截面上峰值光强在逐渐减小，能量在逐渐向周围扩展；在一定条件下，截面上的光强分布会呈现中心光强小于周围光强的&草帽型&分布。

Results Using two methods, i.e., the mathematical simulation and las er surgery experiment the depth of thermal damage induced by laser irradiation i n biological tissues was determined. The CO2 laser power output was 1.50 W, 3 .15 W and 8.01 W, respectively, and irradiation time was 9-20 s. The avera ge value of relative deviation which represents the departure of the numerical s olution from the experimental result was 3.60%.

结果 当CO2激光功率分别为1.50、3.15和8.01 W，每种功率进行两种不同作用时间（9～20 s）的情况下，用激光医学实验和数学模拟计算两种方法去确定猪肌肉组织的热损伤深度，两者相对偏差的平均值为3.60%，最大相对偏差值为5.59%。

The power amplifiers,class A and AB,using power backoff scheme are difficult to meet the effiency requirement under the condiction of a high PAR,which cause a huge energy dissipation while producing a lot of heat.

以功率回退设计的A类或AB类功率放大器难以满足在高峰均比条件下的效率要求，造成了能量的巨大浪费，而且导致了严重的基站或直放站热管理问题，影响了系统性能，增加了制作成本。

Finite-time thermodynamics was applied to analyze the characteristic of the cycle dimensionless power output the efficiency and the optimal intercooling pressure ratio of an irreversible closed intercooling regenerated Brayton cycle coupled to constant-temperature heat source.

用有限时间热力学方法首次研究了恒温热源条件下不可逆闭式中冷回热燃气轮机循环的功率、效率以及中间压比特性，导出了无因次功率及效率的解析式。

The effects of various optical coefficients(such as scattering and absorption coefficients, anisotropy parameter, etc.) and thermophysical properties(such as surface convective coefficient, etc.) and physiological coefficients(such as blood perfusion rate and metabolic heat generation, etc.) on the thermal behavior of the LILC method wet-c discussed in detail. The results show that the size and location of cauterized tissue under the skin can be bontrolled by properly adjusting the absorption and scattering coefficients and irradiation power and so on.

在此基础上，详细讨论了散射系数、吸收系数、各向异性系数等光学参数，激光加热功率、照射半径、表而对流换热系数等热学参数，以及血液灌注率和新陈代谢等生理参数对这种低损伤加热疗法的影响，结果发现，只要通过适当调节吸收系数、散射系数和照射功率等参数就可实现对加热区域位置和范围的控制。

ABSTRACT in the first part of this thesis, the interaction between cu-sn and ni-sn interfacial reactions in a soldering system has been studied by using a ni-sn3.5ag-cu sandwich structure. a layer of cu-sn intermetallic compound was observed at the interface of the ni foil after 30 seconds reflowing.

在电子元件高功率及及轻、薄、短、小化的要求下，热一直是造成电子元件失效的原因之一，BGA封装的主要失效原因是作为接点的锡铅共熔合金（63Sn-37Pb；或称锡球）的疲劳破裂，这是导因於封装体不同材料间热膨胀系数的差异所造成的热应变。

Experiments and researches show that the radial heat pipe is of a well-isotheral performence, satisfied heat power conductivity and high heat transfer limit(with the comparison of the unit with and without wick).

通过试验和研究表明：径向热管作为传热管具有良好的等温性、功率传输性能和较高的传热极限，并比较有、无吸液芯的性能差别，径向热管换热器已广泛用于硫磺制酸余热回收装置省煤器。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。