热功率

Analyzes the performane of plane concave resonators with internal thermal lenses and gives out stability and unstability regions in terms of dioptric. Based on the stable and unstable resonators′ characteristics,a detailed analysis for output power of cw plane concave Nd:YAG laser is presented.

光泵Nd：YAG激光器的热效应会在YAG棒中引起轴向热伸长和径向折射率梯度，从而产生激光介质的热透镜效应，有关内含热透镜的谐振腔的研究已有许多报道［1～2］，但基本上都是研究谐振腔的热稳性，对输出功率特性的研究报道很少。

Optimized calculation shows that, the comprehensive performance of the eddying tube is better than that of the smooth tube, and the comprehensive performance of the eddying tube with minor screw pitch and proper groove depth is excellent.

优化计算表明，旋流管换热系统的传热-阻力综合性能指标优于光滑管换热系统，旋流管的螺距、槽深对旋流管换热系统的传热、压降、功率消耗等影响很大，但是小螺距、适当槽深的旋流管的综合性能是优良的。

Based on thermal conduction theory, a thermal model is built up to get the effective thermal content and the effective thermal conductivity to be 1.0×10^(-3) W/K and 8.1 μJ/K, respectively, and the temperature-fluctuation noise is nearly 1.73×10^(-10)W/Hz(superscript 1/2). According to the device operating principle and energy equipartition theory of thermodynamics, the mechanical-thermal noise is 9.96×10^(-9) W/Hz(superscript 1/2), and the background noise is nearly 3.22×10^(-11)W/Hz(superscript 1/2), so that the normalized detectivity is deduced to be 9.03×10^6 cmHz(superscript 1/2)/W.

从理论上建立了器件的基本热模型，推导得到器件的等效热熔和等效热导分别为8.1μJ/K和1.0×10^(-3)W/K，温度噪声约为1.73×10^(-10)W/Hz(上标 1/2)；通过器件的工作机理和能量均分原理，推导得到热机械噪声的等效噪声功率约为9.96×10^(-9)W/Hz(上标 1/2)，器件的背景噪声约为3.22×10^(-11)W/Hz(上标 1/2)，从而得出器件的归一化探测率约为9.03×106cm。

The influence of KTP's thermal effect was controlled and the efficiency of the frequency doubling increased. The steady working of KTP crystal in high power level was realized. 3. A traditional plano-concave cavity was used.

采用传统平凹腔，分析了高泵浦功率下Nd：YAG棒热透镜效应和热致双折射效应的影响，得到了高功率激光器运行在第Ⅱ稳区并且基模体积受到限制的结论。

The work had been carried out can be summarized as follows: 1. Thermal cycle analysisBased on the classical thermodynamics, influence of isobaric reheat and isovolumetric reheat on cycle output is discussed. Based on the finite time thermodynamic theory, the thesis discusses the optimization of Rankine cycle, Brayton cycle and Stirling cycle between constant temperature heat source and constant temperature heat sink or between variable temperature heat source and constant temperature.

第一、循环优化分析：采用经典热力学研究了等压再热与等容再热对循环功的影响；采用有限时间热力学深入研究了恒温热源一恒温冷源和变温热源一恒温冷源液氮发动机朗肯循环、布雷顿循环和斯特林循环的优化和对比；着重研究了工质导热率与热机换热器总导热率之比对循环性能的影响、高温侧换热器导热率与低温侧换热器导热率之比对循环功率的影响等内容；得到了一些对循环和系统设计具有现实指导意义的结论。

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation on A Thermoacoustic Engine with Tapered Resonance Tube A symmetrical standing-wave thermoacoustic engine with tapered resonance tube has been numerically simulated with liner thermoacoustics. The simulation shows that using tapered resonance tube in thermoacoustic engine could decrease the velocity amplitude and lower the total acoustic power loss in the resonance tube. The experimental results indicate that the harmonic was suppressed effectively by using the tapered resonance tube, and the pressure ratio was improved.

采用锥形谐振管的热声发动机的数值模拟和实验研究利用线性热声理论，对一台采用锥形谐振管的驻波型热声发动机进行了数值模拟，发现采用锥形谐振管可有效降低工质气体的速度振幅，进而减小在谐振管中声功率的损失；与一台在相同频率下工作的采用等直径圆柱谐振管的驻波型热声发动机进行了实验对比，结果表明，在使用锥形管作为谐振管的热声发动机系统中，谐振管中的非线性效应得到了明显的抑制，热声发动机在基频模式下稳定运行，压比增大而加热温度降低。

How to design the ballasting resistors is key issue of the thermal stability.

本论文的研究目标为多指电晶体的热稳定压舱电阻设计，当在高功率操作时，元件因为热耦合效应的影响将会变的不稳定，压舱电阻通常会被用来避免多指电晶体发生热不定的情形，如何压舱电阻设计是元件热稳定的主要议题。

The principle of frequency bathochromic shift used for testing the thermal resistors R(subscript th of Laser Diodes was given. The temperature change △T was obtained indirectly because the temperature change caused the LDs peak wavelength change△λ.

给出了&频率红移法&测量半导体激光二极管热阻R的原理：由于温度变化引起LD峰值波长的变化△λ，间接得到温度变化△T；由注入电功率和输出光功率间接得到热耗散功率。

It has been successfully applied in the fields of high-performance carbon fiber, needle coke used for ultrahigh power electrode, anode of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, activated carbon with super-high surface area, catalyst supports and carbon foams、 In this paper, the effects of raw materials and pyrolysis conditions including heat-treatment temperature, pressure and time on the formation and development of carbonaceous mesophase were discussed in detail Since complex constitutes of raw material, various reactions and phases are involved in the process of mesophase evolution, we suggest that a given carbonaceous mesophase product should be manufactured by selecting raw materials and setting pyrocondensation conditions according to the specific requirement of the product, so that products with the best structure and performance could be obtained.

它在高性能炭纤维、超高功率电极用针状焦、锉离子二次电池负极、超高比表面积活性炭及催化剂载体、泡沫炭等领域得到了较好的应用。综述了原料和热缩聚条件对炭质中间相形成和发展的影响，这些影响因素包括原料的种类、热缩聚温度、反应压力和保温时间等。通过讨论指出，由于炭质中间相涉及的原料种类多样，热缩聚制备过程中涉及的反应、物相复杂，因此，在制备特定性能的产品时，应针对产品的特定性能要求来选择原料、设定热缩聚条件，以制得具有最佳结构和性能的产品。

This paper gives an experimental techniques to measure gamma-ray heating inthe zero-power reactor with the ~7LiF thermoluminescent dosimeters,cavi-ty-ionization theory is used to determine the relationship between the gamma-rayheating in the medium and the energy deposition in a TLD placed within the me-dium.

零功率堆；γ发热；空腔电离理论；热释光剂量计；本文给出使用~7LiF 热释光剂量计在零功率堆上测量γ发热的实验技术。使用空腔电离理论确定介质里的γ发热和安放在介质内的 TLD 里沉积能量之间的关系。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。