热力学

The first chapter gives the summary of basic theories of EOS for solids, including often-used thermodynamic theories and phenomenological expressions during the study progress of EOS along with the finite strain theory. Furthermore, from the view of solid-state theory the general expression of EOS of solids P =Pc+Pn is given, and the microcosmic mechanism of compression for solids, i.e., the interactive potential energy between atomics, is also analyzed, subsequently several different forms of cold energies and pressures are derived.

第一章，给出了物态方程的基本理论概要，总结了EOS研究中最常用的热力学理论和唯象关系式以及有限应变理论，并从固体理论角度给出了固体物态方程的一般形式P =Pc+Pn，分析了固体压缩的微观机理——原子间相互作用势，由此导出了几种不同形式的冷能和冷压。

Temperature gradient inside or outside the system may be formed from heat absorbance in the process ...

阻抗测量技术可以应用于水合物形成过程中的热过程和热力学研究。

Moreover for derivatives of benzimidazole, density functional theory method calculations of the structure, atomic charge distributions and electronicspectra have been performed at B3LYP/6-311G*~* level. The results of the calculationshave been compared with experimental data and they are found to support each other,which provide useful information for the further study on derivatives ofbenzimidazole.

并运用密度泛函理论在B3LYP／6-311G~**料水平上，对化合物的优化几何、原子电荷分布及转移、电子光谱以及及在不同温度下的热力学性质进行了计算，从而为苯并咪唑类化合物的进一步研究提供了有价值的参考和理论数据。

The evolution of flow patterns are presented at different interaction stages and the bifurcate shock waves , distorted flame fronts and induced vortices are discussed according to the calculated results.

基于带化学反应的Navier Stokes方程和有关的热力学和反应动力学数据，利用改进的VLS格式，对甲烷空气混合物中激波与火焰的相互作用进行了数值模拟。

The changes of free energy and enthalpy were calculated in terms of depolarization values on Al cathode. Thermodynamic meaning of depolarization was discussed in details and the empirical relation between binary alloy type and depolarization type was proposed.

根据锂离子在铝阴极上产生的去极化值求出铝和锂发生合金化反应的热力学意义，提出二元合金类型与极化类型之间的经验关系。

From the view of thermodynamics, native complex is the structure with the lowest binding free energy.

通常热力学上认为生物分子的稳定构象是自由能最低的构象，因此，分子对接的目的就是找到能量最低的构象。

From the view of thermodynamics, native complexis the structure with the lowest binding free energy.

通常热力学上认为生物分子的稳定构象是自由能最低的构象，因此，分子对接的目的就是找到能量最低的构象。

To the biochemist, the importance of thermodynamics lies in its ability to predict the position of equilibrium in a system

对于生物化学家来说，热力学的重要性在于它能预示一个体系在平衡时的位置。

At the same time, we study other thermodynamic charaters of the black hole.

同时，我们研究了一下黑洞的另外一些热力学性质。

The reduction thermodynamics of Na 2CrO 4 and chromium oxides in the process of sintering and ironmaking is studied,and the simulating experiments in the laboratory and industrial experiments in 600 m 3 blase furnace are carried out.

介绍了铬渣用作炼铁熔剂的基本思想，研究了烧结－炼铁工艺中Na2CrO4和铬氧化物还原的热力学，并进行了实验室模拟试验和600m3高炉的工业试验。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷