烟碱

Field experiments demonstrated that efficacy of 30% dichlorvos and omethoate for Caloptilia dentata was over 80%, for Drosicha corpulenta was 95.9% and Psylla willieti 96.4%. For Parathrene tabanifomis, Anoplophora glabripennis, Apriona swainsoni and Panonychus ulmi also gained perfected efficiency, and injection dosage of 2.0ml/cm φ for Myzus persicae obtained 100%result, for Eriococcus lagerostioemiae which damage Punica gianatum the result was 92.96%. In all, the efficiency of 30% diohlorvos · omethoate control of most pests was better than bisultap, decis, acephate, nicotine and avermectin, etc.

田间防效结果表明30%敌畏·氧乐对元宝枫细蛾的防治效果可以达到80%以上，对草履蚧和槐木虱防效分别大于95.9%和96.4%，对白杨透翅蛾幼虫、危害新疆杨和合作杨的光肩星天牛幼虫、危害国槐的锈色粒肩天牛幼虫、危害苹果的榆全爪螨等可达到理想防效，当施药剂量为2.0 ml/cmφ时对桃蚜的防效达100%，对危害石榴的紫薇绒蚧防效可达92.96%以上。30%敌畏·氧乐对大多数害虫的控制作用优于杀虫双、敌杀死、乙酰甲胺磷、烟碱和阿维菌素等。

Radio-ligand binding assay was applied to determine the maximum binding and affinity changes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on five weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rat's lateral pterygoid muscle and superficial masseter muscle after the function mandibular advancement.

本研究在以往研究的基础上，首次对功能矫形的神经肌肉调控机理进行探索。应用放射受体分析法，从膜受体蛋白分子水平定量研究功能矫形前伸青春期SD大鼠（5周龄）下颌后，下颌前伸肌细胞膜烟碱样乙酰胆碱受体最大结合容量和亲和性的变化。

The difference between the test groups and the control group was statistically significant. It could be deduced that all the insecticides tested in this experiment damaged the spiders′ intestinal mucosa, compromising its function as a barrier and letting large molecules such as FTIC-D more easily penetrate. Among the insecticides, pyrethrin and Bt preparation are bio-insecticides, and the FITC-D concentrations of the spiders exposed to these two bio-insecticides were more than those of the spiders exposed to the chemical insecticides imidacloprid and dipterex. The difference between the bio-insecticide groups and the imidacloprid group was significant, but there was no significant difference between the bio-insecticide groups and the dipterex group.

结果表明：4种杀虫剂处理后拟环纹豹蛛血液中的荧光素浓度远高于对照组，各个处理组拟环纹豹蛛血液样本中的荧光素浓度均与对照组存在极显著差异，可见4种杀虫剂均将对拟环纹豹蛛肠黏膜的屏障功能造成损伤，导致大分子物质易于通过；其中1.5%除虫菊素水乳剂三保奇花和Bt制剂强杀处理后拟环纹豹蛛中肠黏膜的通透性高于仿烟碱类化学杀虫剂吡虫啉处理组，差异达到显著水平，但与有机磷杀虫剂敌百虫处理组差异不显著。

Assulta and the induction of GST activity by nicotine and capsicine in H. assulta provided partial supports for the hypothesis that diet breadth was governed by detoxification abilities. The results also indicated that two sibling species had different strategies of adaptation to toxic substances: H. assulta saves expenditure of nutrients and energy by restricting their countermeasures to a few potentially toxic compounds. H. armigera, by contrast, must be prepared to counter a wider range of potential toxins. 5. Compared with parental species, hybrids of reciprocal hybridization had significant difference in feeding preference for hot pepper.

结果显示，广食性的棉铃虫在中肠羧酸酯酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性方面高于寡食性的烟青虫，但烟青虫谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性可以被寄主植物内的烟碱和辣椒素所诱导，表明解毒酶活性在一定程度上影响着植食性昆虫的食性广度；同时也暗示着二近缘种对有毒的次生物质采取不同的适应策略：烟青虫有选择地对付种类较少的植物次生物质以减轻营养和能量的消耗；棉铃虫则必须对付存在于其寄主植物内的种类繁多的有毒次生物质。

These results indicated that strain DN2 may be useful for reducing nicotine content of reconstituted tobacco.

该结果表明菌株DN2可以用来降低烟草薄片中的烟碱含量。

The correlation of the total nitrogen and the reducing sugar content was very significant negative, of the total nitrogen and the nicotine content was significant positive.

总氮与还原糖含量呈极显著负相关，与烟碱含量呈极显著正相关。

The results showed that there were 8 kinds of aliphatic, 5 kinds of esters, 2 kinds of aldehydes, 2 kinds of nitrogen sulfur heterocyclic rings and one kind of hydrocarbon, alcoholics, ketone, lactones respectively in the analyzed 21 kinds of aroma components, and the content of furfural,β-methyl valeric acid, palmitic acid, nicotine, neohytadiene were higher, next were acetyl ethyl propionate, caleric acid, phenyl ethyl acetate, hydroxylic diethyl succinate.

结果表明，在分析出的21种香气成分中，分别有脂肪酸类8种，酯类5种，醛类2种，氮硫杂环类2种，烃类、醇类、酮类、内酯类各l种，其中相对含量较高的物质成分是糠醛、β-甲基戊酸、十六碳酸、烟碱、新植二烯，其次是乙酰丙酸乙酯、异戊酸、苯乙酸乙酯、羟基丁二酸二乙酯等。

Key worde flue-cured tobacco; static burning rate; mineral element; smoke componets;correlation coefficient

Cl 为显著正相关；对焦油、烟气烟碱、CO呈极显著负相关，说明烤烟烟叶不同的矿质元素含量决定了静燃速率的高低进而对烟气中有害成分含量有明显影响。

Compared to alcoholization naturally,artificial alcoholization added enzyme has good results of degradation total sugar, nicotia and total nitrogen content. Make the inherent composition of tobacco leaf tend towards the balance, quality was improved.

结果表明，相对自然发酵，加酶人工发酵具有很好的降解总糖、烟碱和总氮的效果，使烟叶内在化学成分趋于平衡，品质得到改善。

Although the difference of carbonous compounds was not significant, the nicotine content was significantly different among the tested genotypes.

不同基因型间含碳化合物的变化差异不大，烟碱的变化差异显著。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。