烟叶

Erwinieae, Plesiomonas, Aeromonas bacteria lived as endophytic bacteria during the first three period, these dominantbacteria led to important action in the chemical components degrading of sugar, starch , protein, pectin and the conversion from nitrate to nitrite, and this was the basic of aging. The dominant bacteria during aging was sporeformer which had high resistance.

欧文氏菌属、邻单胞菌属、气单胞菌属细菌作为内生细菌在前三个时期一直存在，这些优势菌在烟叶这三个时期的糖类、淀粉、蛋白质、果胶质、等化学成分的降解和硝酸盐到亚硝酸盐的转化中可能起到重要作用，对烟叶陈化初期质量打下基础。

The results indicated as pH values in the range from 4.50 to 7.50, the volume and dry weight of root increased as pH values increased, as well as AAAR,TAAR. The relationship of nicotine and total nitrogen accumulation with pH values was parabola,the functions were Y=-61.429X2+391.17X-162.8 (F=l 8.45), Y=-24.3X2+154.88X+52.7 (F=14.40**) respectively. When pH value got rise to 7.50, the accumulation of nicotine and total nitrogen attained the highest .

主要研究结果如下： 1 不同pH值(4.50、5.50、6.50、7.50、8.50)对烤烟根系发育、根系吸收面积以及对烟叶烟碱、总氮、蛋白质和多酚物质积累影响的研究结果表明pH值在4.50～7.50范围内，根系体积和干重都随着pH值上升而增加，AAAR、TAAR也随着升高，烟叶中烟碱、总氮累积量随着pH值上升而增加，烟碱和总氮累积量与pH之间呈抛物线关系，关系式分别为Y=-61.429X~2+391.17X-162.8，F=18.45~；Y=-24.3X~2+154.88X+52.7，F=14.40~，pH值对烟碱和总氮累积量的影响存在极显著差异，当pH值升至7.50时，烟碱和总氮累积量达到最高值。

Longyan City of intensive breeding of fine strains unity, unity over the winter Tian Rong soil, soil testing uniform formula to balance fertilization technology, unified tectorial to be planted, planting density of unity, reunification of the high-Jiemo earth to fight to stay top of leaves, early reunification of the lower part of the leaf mining Admission, the reunification of the upper leaves with stroke recovery, unity,"three-step" baking technology, the production of flue-cured tobacco has shown "a high level of scientific research and development, the outcome of a high conversion rate, high economic efficiency, operation and management of the new mechanism".

龙岩市统一优良品种集约化育苗、统一冬翻溶田改良土壤、统一测土平衡配方施肥技术、统一盖膜待栽、统一种植密度、统一揭膜高培土打顶留叶、统一下部烟叶提早采收、统一上部烟叶带杆采收、统一&三段式&烘烤技术，烤烟生产呈现出&科研开发水平高、成果转化率高、经济效益高、经营管理机制新&的局面。

Also the improvement leaf tobacco quality, its leaf tobacco outward appearance performance is loose for the structure, the maturity is good, gloss, the color is even, varicolored few.

且改善烟叶品质，其烟叶外观表现为结构疏松，成熟度好，光泽强，颜色均匀，杂色少。

When RN was 25%∶75%,N and amylum were lowest,and volatile base were highest.With 100% ammonium,reducing sugar,Cl and amylum were highest,and K/Cl,nicotin and K were lowest.With 100% nitrate,the content and uptake of N,K and Cl were the lowest;3 Any RN,the content of nicotin,N,K,Cl and amylum satisfied the demand of high quality tobacco,reducing sugar was on the other way round.

RN为25%∶75%时，挥发碱含量最高，总氮、淀粉含量最低。100%铵态氮时，还原糖、氯含量、淀粉的含量最高，碱、钾、钾氯比最低，同时显著地降低烤烟的等级结构。100%硝态氮时，总氮、钾、氯在烟叶中的含量最低，吸收总量也最少，同时产量、产值、均价也处于最低水平；3本试验的任何RN下，烟碱、总氮、钾、氯、淀粉的含量均符合优质烟叶要求，而还原糖相反。

Due to decreasing nicotine content without influencing the original quality in tobacco fermentation, reducing the hazards to human health, microbes catabolizing nicotine has superduper potential for application.

有些微生物能在烟叶醇化过程中代谢尼古丁，降低尼古丁的含量，而不影响烟叶原有的品质，并降低其对人类健康的危害。

The high content of nicotine not only affects the safety of tobacco smoking, but also pollutes the environment.

尼古丁是烟叶中最主要的生物碱，也是影响烟叶品质的重要因素，其含量过高不但影响吸食的安全性，而且对环境也会造成危害。

Which is the Consequence of a Sugar Work; and I found by this Account, that every Year the Income considerably encreased; but as above, the Disbursement being large, the Sum at first was small: However, the old Man let me see, that he was Debtor to me 470 Moidores of Gold, besides 60 Chests of Sugar, and 15 double Rolls of Tobacco which were lost in his Ship; he having been Ship-wreck'd coming Home to Lisbon about 11 Years after my leaving the Place.

我和这位老朋友又连续商谈了好几天，他就把我种植园最初六年的细账交给了我，上面有我的合股人和两位代理人的签字。当时交出来的都是现货，像成捆的烟叶，成箱的糖；此外，还有糖厂的一些副产品，像糖蜜酒和糖蜜等东西。从账目中我可以看到，收入每年都有增加，但正如上面所提到的，由于开头几年开支较大，实际收入不大。尽管如此，老人家还是告诉我，他欠我四百七十块葡萄牙金币，另外还有六十箱糖和十五大捆烟叶。那些货物在船只开往里斯本的航行中因失事而全部损失了。那是我离开巴西十一年以后发生的事。

But, says the old Man, I have one Piece of News to tell you, which perhaps may not be so acceptable to you as the rest, and that is, That believing you were lost, and all the World believing so also, your Partner and Trustees did offer to accompt to me in your Name, for six or eight of the first Years of Profits, which I receiv'd; but there being at that time, says he, great Disbursements for encreasing the Works, building an Ingenio, and buying Slaves, it did not amount to near so much as afterwards it produced: However, says she old Man, I shall give you a true Account of what I have received in all, and how I have disposed of it.

我和这位老朋友又连续商谈了好几天，他就把我种植园最初六年的细账交给了我，上面有我的合股人和两位代理人的签字。当时交出来的都是现货，像成捆的烟叶，成箱的糖；此外，还有糖厂的一些副产品，像糖蜜酒和糖蜜等东西。从账目中我可以看到，收入每年都有增加，但正如上面所提到的，由于开头几年开支较大，实际收入不大。尽管如此，老人家还是告诉我，他欠我四百七十块葡萄牙金币，另外还有六十箱糖和十五大捆烟叶。那些货物在船只开往里斯本的航行中因失事而全部损失了。

The high content of potassium and proper content of calcium and magnesium in tobacco leaf have good effect on the quality of Flue-cure tobacco.

烟叶高含量的钾、适宜的钙镁含量对烟叶品质有良好的作用。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了