点过程

One must be aware of the following in order to understand the NPD process: Analysis of Critical path, proceeding by combine with QMS. Thus one could clearly realize the major check point and stage gate of whole project of QMS process. In the same time, resource allocation and conscientious audition fora critical activity could be processed with such analysis.QMS function helps us to do the job right and well contribute in limited time with limited resources.

了解在新产品发展过程上，运用阶段关卡流程法管理工具，必须注意到：关键流程的分析，并结合品质管理系统来实行，可以清楚整个专案的新产品发展过程中的重要检核点或关卡在哪里，同时可经由此分析，对相关的关键活动进行资源的分配及严密的审核。

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

Among used machine learning methods, the gradient descent method is widely used to train various classifiers, such as Back-propagation neural network and linear text classifier. However, the gradient descent method is easily trapped into a local minimum and slowly converges. Thus, this study presents a gradient forecasting search method based on prediction methods to enhance the performance of the gradient descent method in order to develop a more efficient and precise machine learning method for Web mining.However, a prediction method with few sample data items and precise forecasting ability is a key issue to the gradient forecasting search method. Applying statistic-based prediction methods to implement GFSM is unsuitable because they require a large number of data items to model a prediction model. In the contrast with statistic-based prediction methods, GM(1,1) grey prediction model does not need a large number of data items to build a prediction model, and it has low computational load. However, the original GM(1,1) grey prediction model uses a mathematical hypothesis and approximation to transform a continuous differential equation into a discrete difference equation in order to model a forecasting model.

其中梯度法是一个最常被使用来实现机器学习的方法之一，然而梯度法具有学习速度慢以及容易陷入局部最佳解的缺点，因此，本研究提出一个梯度预测搜寻法则(gradient forecasting search method， GFSM)来改善传统梯度法的缺点，用来提升一些以梯度学习法则为基础的分类器在资讯探勘上的效率与正确性；而一个所需资料量少、计算复杂度低且精确的预测模型是梯度预测搜寻法能否有效进行最佳解搜寻之关键因素，传统统计为基础之预测方法的缺点是需要较大量的数据进行预测，因此计算复杂度高，灰色预测模型具有建模资料少且计算复杂度低等优点，然而灰色预测理论以连续之微分方程式为基础，并且透过一些数学上的假设与近似，将连续之微分方程式转换成离散之差分方程式来对离散型资料进行建模及预测，这样的作法不尽合理，且缺乏数学理论上的完备性，因为在转换过程中已经造成建模上的误差，且建模过程仅考虑相邻的两个资料点关系，无法正确反应数列未来的变化趋势。

Indirect process measure: Discrete measure at a specific point in time during the group process; often involves multiple points of data collection.

间接过程测量：在团队过程中，不连续的对特定点的间接测量。通常包括多重点的数据收集。

Its work principle is to make use of new-style DAC, operation amplifier and dynatron and so on to construct invariance current circuit controlled by program, and reso...

介绍了方案的工作原理，根据光学特征点———红外发光二极管的光学特性，运用新型D/A转换器、运算放大器及三极管等构成可程序控制的恒流源电路，解决了发光二极管控制过程中的电流调整困难、工作过程中发热、管耗高等问题。

Fourth, the method of real-time data disposal and the generalized distributing distance rule and algorithm of samples are presented by which few can be selected from plenty of measuring data.

提出过程数据预处理办法及样本点广义距离均匀分布规则和算法，解决了从海量过程测量数据中撷取少量样本数据的问题。

So the dissertation clarified the hypotaxis between torpedo system and torpedo weapon system firstly, then expatiated the evaluation elements, evaluation characteristics, generic contents, generic process and the station in the process of torpedo investigation.

针对此点，本文从鱼雷系统和鱼雷武器系统的关系出发，明确了鱼雷总体方案评估的评估要素、评估特点、一般内容、一般过程以及在鱼雷研制过程中的地位，夯实了本文理论研究的基础。

Then we obtained the data of the lower limb motion of the volunteer in gait by motion capture system. Analyzing the results, we found that the relative positions of the landmarks which were used to construct JCS did not change much during the movement. That means the method on definitions of JCS in this article was reasonable at a certain range.

通过利用运动捕捉系统对自愿者步态过程中的下肢运动轨迹进行采集，分析构建坐标系的特征点在运动过程中空间相对位置的不变性，说明了文章提出的下肢关节坐标系定义方法在一定范围内是合理的。

The formation of martensite is accomplished by the immigration of well-defined glissile interface (121)fcc type and its misfit dislocations can produce the lattice invariant deformation on the basis of phenomenal theory of martensitic crystallography, however, LID is retarded slightly after the migration of interphase (121)fcc, i.e.a thin plate-like zone exists without LID in martensite near the well-defined interface. When the temperature reduces to the Ms point, the lattice parameter of austenite matrix is √3/2 times that of the martensite without LID. This critical condition for spontaneous transformation agrees with that the stack fault energy in matrix is less than zero according to Olson and Cohen's nucleation model.

通过模型分析表明：fcc/bcc马氏体形核与长大过程是通过(121)fcc型择优界面推移进行的，界面上的错配位错可以完成马氏体晶体学唯象理论要求的点阵不变变形，但LID要稍滞后于界面迁移，即在马氏体形核与长大过程中推移界面新相一侧存在一未发生LID的新相薄区；当相变温度达到马氏体相变点Ms时，母相奥氏体与这一薄区的晶格常数比为√3/2，这一几何条件和Olson-Cohen形核模型中要求扩展位错层错区界面能γ≤0是等价的。

Mechanisms of heat affected zone liquation and liquation cracking in GH150 alloy were investigated by using varestraint test and hot ductility test in conjunction with the differential thermal analysis and optical, scanning electron microsopy. On heating,γ/C liquation take places in the HAZ above 1250℃. When the temperature reaches 1353- 1375℃, a large amount of liquid particles due to initial melting can be observed within the grains near the fusion boundary. On cooling,γ/C eutectic and γ/ Laves phase eutectic take place at 1273 and 1200℃ respectively.

采用可变拘束试验、热塑性试验、差热分析、光镜与扫描电镜观察，研究了GH150合金焊接热影响区液化及液化裂纹形成机制加热过程中温度高于1250℃的热影响区由于γ／C共晶产生液化，在温度达到1353℃（固相约至1375℃的近维区，晶内出现大量液化点冷却过程中温度在1273和1200℃时形成γ／C共晶和γ／Laves相共晶。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了