炮兵

In the paper, the researches and conclusions are:The basic theory and technique ofgeography information system, Introduce the history of the GIS technique developmentand it develops the trend, the GIS modernizes the meaning of the construction and thepurpose and the meaning of the topic researches to the our army artillery.The design ofartillerist numeric map, Make use of the soft strong graphics function of the SuperMapgeography information system, from how made the numerical map of artillery tocommence, carried on the processing and processed the piece to the artilleryappropriative paper quality diagram to manufacture the numerical map of artillery.Themold of choosing the position of artillerist and excavating the position of spacedata;Rules of space clustering analyzing and space relationship on the basis ofmathematics configuration;Choosing the path of positing convert;optimalpath arithmetic on the basis of chart theory and realize optimal path analyze.

论文研究内容有：地理信息系统的基本理论与技术，介绍GIS技术发展的历史及其发展趋势，GIS对我军炮兵现代化建设的意义和课题研究的目的及意义；炮兵地图数字化设计与制作，利用SuperMap地理信息系统软强大的制图功能，从如何制炮兵数字地图入手，对炮兵专用的纸质地图进行处理和加工件来制作炮兵数字地图；炮兵阵地选取分析模型、阵地空间数据挖掘模型的建立和挖掘过程，基于数学形态学的空间聚类分析法、空间关联规则法的挖掘模型；阵地转移的路径选择，对炮兵阵地转移路径进行分析，基于图论中的Dijkstra最优路径算法，实现转移最佳路径分析。

It is the responsibility of every Field Artilleryman to know the branch capabilities—to reject the myths about artillery effectiveness against armor—and ensure the force commander makes the most of his firepower assets in combat.

了解炮兵在战场中的功能是每位野战炮兵的责任——摒弃关与火炮对装甲损害效果的误区——提醒炮兵指挥官们要在战斗中最有效地发扬炮兵火力。

Culverin is a special kind of artillery, which is equivalent to the role of outposts, to the artillery of all injuries caused by 4-fold, while the surface range and attack power much lower than the heavy artillery, but only as a result of heavy artillery aimed at building , unable to fight back.

Culverin是一种特殊的炮兵，它的角色相当于散兵，能对所有炮兵造成4倍伤害，虽然从表面上看射程和攻击力都比重型炮兵低很多，不过由于重型炮兵只能瞄准建筑物，无法对其进行反击。

Breakthrough Artillery Corps: 5 Breakthrough Artillery Division (23 Guards Light Artillery Brigade, 24 Gun Artillery Brigade, 9 Howitzer Brigade, 86 Gun Artillery Brigade, 100 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade), 12 Breakthrough Artillery Division (46 Light Artillery Brigade, 41 Gun Artillery Brigade, 32 Howitzer Brigade, 89 Gun Artillery Brigade, 104 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 11 Mortar Brigade), 5 Guards Mortar Division (16, 22 и 23 Gun Artillery Regiment); 4 Corps Artillery Brigade, 30 Guards Gun Artillery Brigade, 122, 124 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 295 Guards Gun Artillery Regiment, 315, 317 Separate Artillery Battalion ОМ, 1, 41 Antitank Artillery Brigade, 1070 Antitank Artillery Regiment, 32 Mortar Brigade, 6, 37, 43, 56, 62, 75, 84, 92, 94, 303 и 311 Guards Mortar Regiment, 4 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Batta-lion, 2 Guards Antiaircraft Artillery Division (302, 303, 304 и 306 Guards Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 31 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1376, 1380, 1386, 1392 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 65 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1980, 1984, 1988, 1992 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 221 Guards, 1259, 1263 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 13 Guards, 27, 31, 615 Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion XA;Y;-,3

第4突击炮兵军：第5突击炮兵师(第23近卫轻型炮兵旅，第24加农炮旅，第9榴弹炮旅，第86加农炮旅，第100超重型榴弹炮旅)，第12突击炮兵师(第46轻型炮兵旅，第41加农炮兵旅，第32榴弹炮旅，第89加农炮兵旅，第104超重型榴弹炮旅，第11迫击炮旅)，第5近卫迫击炮师，第16﹑22﹑23加农炮团，第4军属炮兵旅，第30近卫加农炮旅，第122﹑124超重型榴弹炮旅，第295近卫加农炮团，第315﹑317独立超重型炮兵营，第1﹑41反坦克炮旅，第1070反坦克炮团，第32迫击炮旅，第6﹑37﹑43﹑56﹑62﹑75﹑84﹑92﹑94﹑303﹑311近卫迫击炮团，第4独立炮兵观测气球营，第2近卫防空炮师(第302﹑303﹑304﹑306近卫防空炮团)，第31防空炮师(第1376﹑1380﹑1386﹑1392防空炮团)，第65防空炮师(第1980﹑1984﹑1988﹑1992防空炮团)，第221近卫防空炮团，第1259﹑1263防空炮团，第13近卫独立防空炮营，第27﹑31﹑615独立防空炮营 g4$GZK

Breakthrough Artillery Division (11 Light Artillery Brigade, 9 Guards, 17 Light Artillery Brigade, 25 Light Artillery Brigade, 105 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 3 Mortar Brigade), 1 Guards Corps Artillery Brigade, 149, 633, 1942 Corps Artillery Regiment, 905 Mountain Corps Artillery Regiment, 1237 Gun Artillery Regiment, 989 Howitzer Artillery Regiment, 460, 514 Antitank Artillery Regiment, 331 Separate Artillery Battalion ОМ, 354 Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion, 173, 298, 482, 530, 535, 619, 620, 621 Mortar Regiment, 7, 25 Guards Mortar Brigade, 20, 46 64 Guards Mortar Regiment, 3 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Battalion, 40 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1407, 1411, 1415, 1527 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 275, 1650 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 54, 268, 616 Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion o'zw

第7突击炮兵师(第11﹑17﹑25轻型炮兵旅，第9近卫轻型炮兵旅，第105超重型榴弹炮旅，第3迫击炮旅)，第1近卫军属炮兵旅，第149﹑633﹑1942军属炮兵团，第905军属山地炮兵团，第1237加农炮兵团，第989榴弹炮团，第460﹑514反坦克炮团，第331独立超重炮兵营，第354独立重型炮兵营，第173﹑298﹑482﹑530﹑535﹑619﹑620﹑621迫击炮团，第7﹑25近卫迫击炮旅，第20﹑46﹑64近卫迫击炮团，第3独立炮兵观测气球营，第40防空炮师(第1407﹑1411﹑1415﹑1527防空炮团)，第275﹑1650防空炮团，第54﹑268﹑616独立防空炮营 K6\yd$I

Breakthrough Artillery Division (11 Light Artillery Brigade, 9 Guards, 17 Light Artillery Brigade, 25 Light Artillery Brigade, 105 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 3 Mortar Brigade), 1 Guards Corps Artillery Brigade, 149, 633, 1942 Corps Artillery Regiment, 905 Mountain Corps Artillery Regiment, 1237 Gun Artillery Regiment, 989 Howitzer Artillery Regiment, 460, 514 Antitank Artillery Regiment, 331 Separate Artillery Battalion ОМ, 354 Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion, 173, 298, 482, 530, 535, 619, 620, 621 Mortar Regiment, 7, 25 Guards Mortar Brigade, 20, 46 64 Guards Mortar Regiment, 3 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Battalion, 40 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1407, 1411, 1415, 1527 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 275, 1650 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 54, 268, 616 Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion :LUPGSY8bK

第7突击炮兵师(第11﹑17﹑25轻型炮兵旅，第9近卫轻型炮兵旅，第105超重型榴弹炮旅，第3迫击炮旅)，第1近卫军属炮兵旅，第149﹑633﹑1942军属炮兵团，第905军属山地炮兵团，第1237加农炮兵团，第989榴弹炮团，第460﹑514反坦克炮团，第331独立超重炮兵营，第354独立重型炮兵营，第173﹑298﹑482﹑530﹑535﹑619﹑620﹑621迫击炮团，第7﹑25近卫迫击炮旅，第20﹑46﹑64近卫迫击炮团，第3独立炮兵观测气球营，第40防空炮师(第1407﹑1411﹑1415﹑1527防空炮团)，第275﹑1650防空炮团，第54﹑268﹑616独立防空炮营 k=Tq -？

Rifle Corps (114, 272 Rifle Division, 70 Naval Rifle Brigade, 3 Marines Brigade), 94 Rifle Corps (135, 221, 327 Rifle Division),99 Rifle Corps(18, 65, 310 Rifle Divisio), 127 Light Mountain Rifle Corps (30, 32, 33 Ski Brigade), 37 Guards Corps (98, 99 100 Guards Rifle Division), 368 Rifle Division, 69 Naval Rifle Brigade, 31 Separate Marines Battalion, 150, 162 Fortified Region,7 Breakthrough Artillery Division (11 Light Artillery Brigade, 9 Guards, 17 Light Artillery Brigade, 25 Light Artillery Brigade, 105 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 3 Mortar Brigade), 1 Guards Corps Artillery Brigade, 149, 633, 1942 Corps Artillery Regiment, 905 Mountain Corps Artillery Regiment, 1237 Gun Artillery Regiment, 989 Howitzer Artillery Regiment, 460, 514 Antitank Artillery Regiment, 331 Separate Artillery Battalion ОМ, 354 Separate Heavy Artillery Battalion, 173, 298, 482, 530, 535, 619, 620, 621 Mortar Regiment, 7, 25 Guards Mortar Brigade, 20, 46 64 Guards Mortar Regiment, 3 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Battalion, 40 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1407, 1411, 1415, 1527 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 275, 1650 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 54, 268, 616 Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion,7 Guards Tank Brigade (37 T-34), 29 Tank Brigade, 70 Guards, 89(18 T-34), 92 Separate Tank Regiment, 338, 339(17 JSU-152), 378 Guards Heavy Self-propelled Gun Regiment (17 JSU-152), 370, 371, 372 Guards Self-propelled Gun Regiment, 275, 284 Separate Special Destination Motorised Battalion

第4步兵军(第114﹑272步兵师，第70海军步兵旅，第3海军陆战旅)，第94步兵军(第135﹑221﹑327步兵师)，第99步兵军(第18﹑65﹑310步兵师)，第127轻型山地步兵军(第30﹑32﹑33滑雪旅)，第37近卫步兵军(第98﹑99﹑100近卫步兵师)，第368步兵师，第69海军步兵旅，第31独立海军陆战营，第150﹑162筑垒地域，第7突击炮兵师(第11﹑17﹑25轻型炮兵旅，第9近卫轻型炮兵旅，第105超重型榴弹炮旅，第3迫击炮旅)，第1近卫军属炮兵旅，第149﹑633﹑1942军属炮兵团，第905军属山地炮兵团，第1237加农炮兵团，第989榴弹炮团，第460﹑514反坦克炮团，第331独立超重炮兵营，第354独立重型炮兵营，第173﹑298﹑482﹑530﹑535﹑619﹑620﹑621迫击炮团，第7﹑25近卫迫击炮旅，第20﹑46﹑64近卫迫击炮团，第3独立炮兵观测气球营，第40防空炮师(第1407﹑1411﹑1415﹑1527防空炮团)，第275﹑1650防空炮团，第54﹑268﹑616独立防空炮营，第7近卫坦克旅(37辆T-34)，第29坦克旅，第70近卫独立坦克团，第89(18辆)﹑92独立坦克团，第338﹑339重型自行火炮团(17辆JSU-152)，第378近卫重型自行火炮团(17辆JSU-152)，第370﹑371﹑372近卫自行火炮团，第275﹑284独立特殊任务摩托化步兵营，第1摩托化工兵旅，第13﹑20突击工程兵旅，第1近卫独立营造工兵营，第18独立工兵营，第54﹑55﹑97舟桥营，第7﹑28﹑40独立喷火营

Breakthrough Artillery Corps: 5 Breakthrough Artillery Division (23 Guards Light Artillery Brigade, 24 Gun Artillery Brigade, 9 Howitzer Brigade, 86 Gun Artillery Brigade, 100 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade), 12 Breakthrough Artillery Division (46 Light Artillery Brigade, 41 Gun Artillery Brigade, 32 Howitzer Brigade, 89 Gun Artillery Brigade, 104 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 11 Mortar Brigade), 5 Guards Mortar Division (16, 22 и 23 Gun Artillery Regiment); 4 Corps Artillery Brigade, 30 Guards Gun Artillery Brigade, 122, 124 Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 295 Guards Gun Artillery Regiment, 315, 317 Separate Artillery Battalion ОМ, 1, 41 Antitank Artillery Brigade, 1070 Antitank Artillery Regiment, 32 Mortar Brigade, 6, 37, 43, 56, 62, 75, 84, 92, 94, 303 и 311 Guards Mortar Regiment, 4 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Batta-lion, 2 Guards Antiaircraft Artillery Division (302, 303, 304 и 306 Guards Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 31 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1376, 1380, 1386, 1392 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 65 Antiaircraft Artillery Division (1980, 1984, 1988, 1992 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment), 221 Guards, 1259, 1263 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 13 Guards, 27, 31, 615 Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion sF$%Z

第4突击炮兵军：第5突击炮兵师(第23近卫轻型炮兵旅，第24加农炮旅，第9榴弹炮旅，第86加农炮旅，第100超重型榴弹炮旅)，第12突击炮兵师(第46轻型炮兵旅，第41加农炮兵旅，第32榴弹炮旅，第89加农炮兵旅，第104超重型榴弹炮旅，第11迫击炮旅)，第5近卫迫击炮师，第16﹑22﹑23加农炮团，第4军属炮兵旅，第30近卫加农炮旅，第122﹑124超重型榴弹炮旅，第295近卫加农炮团，第315﹑317独立超重型炮兵营，第1﹑41反坦克炮旅，第1070反坦克炮团，第32迫击炮旅，第6﹑37﹑43﹑56﹑62﹑75﹑84﹑92﹑94﹑303﹑311近卫迫击炮团，第4独立炮兵观测气球营，第2近卫防空炮师(第302﹑303﹑304﹑306近卫防空炮团)，第31防空炮师(第1376﹑1380﹑1386﹑1392防空炮团)，第65防空炮师(第1980﹑1984﹑1988﹑1992防空炮团)，第221近卫防空炮团，第1259﹑1263防空炮团，第13近卫独立防空炮营，第27﹑31﹑615独立防空炮营 kN2b2}U

Breakthrough Artillery Corps 18 Breakthrough Artillery Division (65 Light Artillery Brigade, 58 Howitzer Brigade, 3, 80 Heavy Howitzer Brigade, 120 super heavy Howitzer Brigade, 42 Mortar Brigade), 23 Breakthrough Artillery Division (79 Light Artillery Brigade, 38 Howitzer Brigade, 2, 96 Heavy Howitzer Brigade, 21Guards Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 28 Mortar Brigade), 1 Guards Mortar Division 2, 5, 6 Guards Mortar Brigade (rocket launchers, 85 Corps Artillery Regiment, 330 Superior power Separate Artillery Battalion, 1, 8 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Battalion, 785 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 11 Guards. Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion

第8步兵军(第7﹑249步兵师)，第43步兵军(第80﹑124步兵师)，第125步兵师，第22筑垒地域，第132独立火炮机枪营，第3突击炮兵军第18突击炮兵师(第95轻型炮兵旅，第58榴弹炮旅，第3﹑80重型榴弹炮旅，第120超重型榴弹炮旅，第42迫击炮旅)，第23突击炮兵师(第79轻型炮兵旅，第38榴弹炮旅，第2﹑96重型榴弹炮旅，第21近卫超重型榴弹炮旅，第28迫击炮旅)，第1近卫迫击炮师2﹑5﹑6近卫迫击炮旅，第85军属炮兵团，第330独立超大威力炮兵营，第1﹑8独立炮兵观测气球营，第785防空炮团，第11近卫独立防空炮营，第1﹑152﹑220坦克旅，第26﹑31近卫独立坦克团，第45﹑185﹑221﹑222独立坦克团，第1294﹑1495自行火炮团，第283独立特殊任务摩托化步兵营，第1﹑3独立坦克营，第4﹑32﹑48﹑50独立装甲列车营，第2摩托化工兵旅，第5重型舟桥团，第34﹑67独立工兵营，第21﹑36﹑42﹑62﹑159舟桥营，第9独立喷火营

Breakthrough Artillery Corps 18 Breakthrough Artillery Division (65 Light Artillery Brigade, 58 Howitzer Brigade, 3, 80 Heavy Howitzer Brigade, 120 super heavy Howitzer Brigade, 42 Mortar Brigade), 23 Breakthrough Artillery Division (79 Light Artillery Brigade, 38 Howitzer Brigade, 2, 96 Heavy Howitzer Brigade, 21Guards Super-heavy Howitzer Brigade, 28 Mortar Brigade), 1 Guards Mortar Division 2, 5, 6 Guards Mortar Brigade (rocket launchers, 85 Corps Artillery Regiment, 330 Superior power Separate Artillery Battalion, 1, 8 Separate Artillery Observation Balloon Battalion, 785 Antiaircraft Artillery Regiment, 11 Guards. Separate Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion cD2Ei6q

第8步兵军(第7﹑249步兵师)，第43步兵军(第80﹑124步兵师)，第125步兵师，第22筑垒地域，第132独立火炮机枪营，第3突击炮兵军第18突击炮兵师(第95轻型炮兵旅，第58榴弹炮旅，第3﹑80重型榴弹炮旅，第120超重型榴弹炮旅，第42迫击炮旅)，第23突击炮兵师(第79轻型炮兵旅，第38榴弹炮旅，第2﹑96重型榴弹炮旅，第21近卫超重型榴弹炮旅，第28迫击炮旅)，第1近卫迫击炮师(2﹑5﹑6近卫迫击炮旅)，第85军属炮兵团，第330独立超大威力炮兵营，第1﹑8独立炮兵观测气球营，第785防空炮团，第11近卫独立防空炮营，第1﹑152﹑220坦克旅，第26﹑31近卫独立坦克团，第45﹑185﹑221﹑222独立坦克团，第1294﹑1495自行火炮团，第283独立特殊任务摩托化步兵营，第1﹑3独立坦克营，第4﹑32﹑48﹑50独立装甲列车营，第2摩托化工兵旅，第5重型舟桥团，第34﹑67独立工兵营，第21﹑36﹑42﹑62﹑159舟桥营，第9独立喷火营 Ui： c

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。