炭疽

The fungicidal activity of methanol extract was higher than that of ethylacetate extract. The bioassay showed that the methanol extracts of strain As fermentation products had certain degree fungicidical activity against Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria longipes, Glomerella cingulata, Curvulavia lunata, Gibberella zeae, Valsa malt under the concentration of 4000μg/mL, the inhibiting ratio against pathogen growth was ranging from 62.9%~85.1%; The results of the inhibition of spore germination indicated that the fermentation products exhibited obvious inhibition rate against Alternaria longipes, the EC50 values was 62.5328μg/mL; The bioassay showed that the methanol extracts of strain As fermentation products had certain degree fungicidical activity against Bacillus cereus , Bacillus subtilis.

其中甲醇提取物的抑菌活性较乙酸乙酯好，在4000μg/mL浓度下对番茄灰霉病菌、烟草赤星病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、玉米弯孢叫斑病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、苹果腐烂病菌6种植物病原真菌均有抑制作用，抑制率在62.9%~85.1%；抑制孢子萌发试验表明：菌丝体甲醇提取物对烟草赤星病菌的毒力较好，其EC50仅为62.5328μg/mL；抑制细菌活性表明菌丝体甲醇提取物对蜡状芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌有一定的抑制作用，而对大肠杆菌无明显的抑制作用。

Compound 5 showed higher effect than eugnol, with the minimal inhibiting concentration for Alternaria brassicae and Rhizoctonia cereali being 0.125mg/mL, and minimal inhibiting concentration for Helminthosporium turcicum Pass, gloesporum fructigenum and Alternaria alternata being 0.0625mg/mL, compared with the antimicrobial activity of clove oil, the MIC respectively reduced by 60% and 90%.

化合物5对玉米大斑、葡萄炭疽和番茄黑霉的最低抑制浓度为0.125mg/mL，对白菜黑斑、小麦纹枯的最低抑制浓度为0.0625mg/mL，分别比丁香油的最低抑菌浓度降低了60%和90%。

The bioactivities of phenolic and essential oil extracted from clove leaves in vivo and vitro against Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Macrophoma kawatsuka, Monilia fructigena and Trichothecium roseum, and their effects on the quality of postharvest apple fruits were studied.

该文对丁香精油和丁香酚在离体和活体条件下对采后苹果的主要致腐菌苹果青霉、苹果灰霉、苹果炭疽、苹果轮纹、苹果褐腐和苹果腐心的抑制作用以及对贮藏期苹果品质的影响进行了研究。

Ann G. Carmichael, MD, PhD, maintains that the bubonic bacillus, Yersinia pestis, was most certainly a factor in the outbreak of plague, but, at the same time, the fearsome reputation of the Black Death may have hidden or deemphasized the emergence of other interacting epidemics such as smallpox, influenza, anthrax, typhus, meningococcemia, mycosis, and acute diarrheal diseases.

医学博士安妮·G·喀米舍尔认为，耶尔森氏菌最有可能是瘟疫爆发的一个因素，但是黑死病令人胆颤的大名可能使得其他一些相互影响的传染病被人们所忽视，比如天花、流行性感冒、炭疽、斑疹伤寒症、脑膜炎球菌血症、真菌病以及急性腹泻等等。

Gloeosporioides is an aggregative species and has differentiation within species, the pathogen probably is a microspecies under C. gloeosporioides and exhibited some specialized and selective qualities in pathogenicity. According to its symptom, the disease was named as angular leaf spot.

由于胶胞炭疽菌是1个集合种，存在分化现象，该病原菌可能是分化出的1个小种，并在致病性方面表现出一定的专化性或选择性，根据该病害的症状命名为板栗角斑病。

The results of bioassay experiments with 10 commonly used fungi showed that, all the title compounds had satisfactory fungicidal activity against Botrytis cinerea, the growth inhibition rate of compounds 5ae, 5ag, 5bd against Botrytis cinerea were up to 70% and for 5ad, 5cd, 5ce were more than 60%; compound 5bd exhibited fungicidal activity against Pellicularia sasakii with growth inhibition up to 60%, the growth inhibition rate of compound 5cg against Colletotrichum lagenarium was 69%.

抑菌活性生物测定结果表明，合成的大部分化合物对黄瓜灰霉病菌均有较好的生长抑制作用，其中，化合物5ae、5ag和5bd的抑制率达到70%；化合物5ad、5cd、5ce的抑制率大于60%；5bd对水稻纹枯病菌抑制率大于60%，化合物5cg对西瓜炭疽病菌的抑制率为69%。

The antitumor and antifungal activities of BFA on four human tumor cell lines and six phytopathogenic fungi were tested,and the minimum inhibitory concentrations on sensitive fungi were tested too.

进一步研究表明，BFA对人Burkitt's 淋巴瘤细胞株Raji、人肝癌细胞株HepG2和人非小细胞肺腺癌细胞株A549具有较强的抑制活性，对植物病原真菌黑曲霉和杨桃炭疽菌等具有抑菌活性。

The zebras, known for their narrow stripes and large ears, are dying of anthrax at an alarming rate in the scrub-peppered, sprawling plains in and around Kenya's central Samburu National Reserve, one of their last remaining habitats, and more are feared to have perished further north, they said.

肯尼亚野生动物保护组织的官员及科学家们日前表示，最近一段时间内肆虐于东非大地的严重干旱天气使生活在肯尼亚境内的珍稀细斑纹斑马出现了大批死亡的现象，而在兽群中突然爆发的炭疽热疫情则进一步加剧了这一趋势，并使得这种本已处于濒危状态的物种面临彻底灭绝的厄运。

Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Mineirao is a variety with high resistance to anthracnose and was to planted widely in Brazil, MSRA gene has been obtained from Mineirao. While its anthrancose resistance mechanism is unknown .

Mineirao柱花草是一种高度抗炭疽病的品种，已在巴西得到了大面积的推广种植，有关研究人员已经对Mineirao柱花草的抗病机理进行了初步研究，从中克隆出MSRA基因，但目前对Mineirao 柱花草抗病机理尚不清楚。

The infection of Stylosanthes anthracnose resulted in Phenylalanine Ammonial- yase and Polyphenoloxidase and Superoxide Dismutase, activities of these three enzymes were increased in Mineirao firstly, while in CIAT2312, they were not similar as that in Mineirao.

Mineirao柱花草和CIAT2312柱花草在炭疽菌作用下，Mineirao柱花草苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶、超氧化物岐化酶三种酶的活性都是先升后降，而CIAT2312柱花草这三种酶活性升降起伏不定。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。