灰煤

For durain particle, no obvious fragmentation is found under the same experimental condition.

结果表明，亮煤与灰煤均发生一次破碎，破碎后生成许多细小颗粒，其中粒径0.8mm以下的细颗粒占多数；暗煤则不发生一次破碎。

The triboelectrostatic beneficiation experiments have been done based on the research of floatability, dielectric constant and mineral components.

在对3种煤的浮沉性能、介电常数、矿物成分研究的基础上，进行了摩擦电选实验研究，应用摩擦电选技术结合喷煤系统的特点，进行炉前降灰具有工艺和技术的合理性，降低高炉喷吹用煤的灰分有利于提高煤比、降低焦比及生铁成本。

This thesis studies the high ash fusibility Huainan coal blended with four low fusibility coals.

通过配煤的方法，对高灰熔融性淮南煤与4种低灰熔融性煤进行配加，可以显著的降低淮南煤的高灰熔点。

Coal biending technology used to reduce ash fusion temperature of coal A was studie l. This can significantly reduce the high fusibility of the coal A to meet the requirements of the shell gasifier slag-tapping.

考察了采用配煤技术降低煤A的灰熔点的效果，结果表明，配煤可以显著的降低煤A的高灰熔融性，使其能够满足Shell气化炉液态排渣工艺的要求。

The results show that the ash fusibility can be improved effectively by coal blending and the relationship between ash fusion points and blending coal ratios is nonlinear. Transformation of mineral matters results in the change of ash fu...

结果表明，配煤能有效改善煤灰熔融特性，配煤灰熔点与配比之间是非线性关系；高温下矿物形态的转变是导致配煤煤灰灰熔点变化的主要原因，莫来石有增高灰熔点的作用，石英与钙长石和铁橄榄石等矿物共存时，能够形成低熔点的共晶体使得灰熔点降低。

The research work consists of two aspects:the relationship between fluorine in coal and ash,mineral composition;organic affinity and washability of fluorine in coal.

研究内容包括：煤中氟与灰分、矿物成分之间的关系；煤中氟的有机亲和性与可选性；研究结果表明：煤中氟质量分数与灰分质量分数之间呈正相关关系；中国煤中氟质量分数与灰分之间存在以下指数增长关系；煤中氟质量分数与煤中矿物质的成分有关；煤中氟属"中等无机型"元素，无机亲和力较强，有机亲和力较弱；煤中氟以无机氟为主，有机氟为辅的方式赋存；原煤洗选是脱除煤中氟的一种可行的技术措施。

The fragmentation of clarain and culm tends to be severely with the increase of particle size, bed temperature and combustion time.

粒径越大，炉床温度越高，燃烧时间越长，破碎越剧烈；亮煤与灰煤在燃烧中均发生了二次破碎，其中亮煤的二次破碎更剧烈；燃烧后期，亮煤的颗粒破碎比灰煤更快；由于破碎，入炉煤颗粒平均粒径在燃烧早期迅速减小，而后随着燃烧的进行而逐步趋于一个稳定值；亮煤在流化床燃烧中服从等密度燃烧模式，暗煤服从等直径燃烧模式，而灰煤则服从混合燃烧模式。

Clarain and culm occur tremendous fragmentation in fluidized bed due to their compact structure, few large pores in inner particle, high microscopehardness and low ash content.

亮煤与灰煤因结构致密，颗粒中大孔隙少，显微硬度大，灰分少等原因使得它们在燃烧中发生严重破碎；而暗煤颗粒则因相反的原因不发生破碎或仅发生轻微破碎。

In coal gasification techniques, the gasifier is the key equipment which directly affects gasification characteristics, therefore flameless oxidant technology was applied to the design of new gasifier for high ash melting coal, and gasification characteristics in the gasifier were carried out by not only experiments under cold state and therma1 state, but also numerical simulations in this paper.

由于气化炉是煤气化技术中的最关键设备，因此，本文以高灰熔点煤的高效气化为背景，归纳分析了各种先进干煤粉气流床气化炉的炉型结构，将无焰氧化技术应用于粉煤气化，提出了一种基于无焰氧化的新型干法进料煤粉气化炉，进行了炉内冷态、煤粉气化的热态试验和数值计算，分析了高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中的气化特性，并以此为基础，对气化炉的结构进行了优化，提出了无焰氧化分级气化炉，对高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中气化特性进行了数值计算与分析。

Then, gasification experiments of high ash melting point coal with dry pulverized coal feeding were carried out on the gasification test system, the flame images were observed to validate the feasibility of flameless gasification inside the gasifier, temperature distributing inner the gasifier and syngas components were measured under different / atom ratio and steam/coal ratio conditions.

进而，建立煤粉气化炉的物理和数学模型，运用概率密度函数方法对高灰熔点煤在基于无焰氧化的煤粉气化炉内的气化过程进行了模拟计算，参照小试的试验工况，验证了气化炉模型；分析了不同氧碳原子比、蒸汽煤比和气化压力对高灰熔点煤气化特性的影响，并可视化地研究在典型工况下高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中气化过程，为进一步炉型结构和气化工艺的优化设计提供依据。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。