灰泥

In order to study the microstructure of karstic marlite and its karstification process, the microstructure and mineral microcosmic pattern of karstic marlite are investigated by analyzing site conditions and observing the marlite samples using microscope.

为了研究溶蚀泥灰岩的微观结构特点和岩溶作用的发展过程，采用现场条件分析和室内镜像观察样品的方法，研究了溶蚀泥灰岩的结构特点及矿物的微观形貌特征。

Karst erosion test and microscopic observation are adopted to analyze the features of marlite's solution morphs in the karst process in this paper, and the karst process and karst morphs of the Badong Group marlite in Fengjie, Sichuan province is studied.

为了研究岩溶作用过程中泥灰岩溶蚀形态的特征，采用试验分析和室内镜像观察的方法，研究了四川奉节地区三叠系中统巴东组泥灰岩的溶蚀过程及微观溶蚀形态变化。

The statigraphic sequence of the dam foundation is Guanwushan group belonging to the mid series of Devonian system D_(2gn. The stratigraphy of dam foundation is mainly comprised of limestone, dolomite with marlite.

其坝基岩层主要为泥盆系中统白云石铺群观雾山组D_(2gnD_2~1～D_2~9层，岩性主要为灰岩、白云岩及少量泥质灰岩和微层泥灰岩。

The compaction effect of geogrid with marlite method, soil bag with marlite method, replaced backfilling clay method, which were used in the swelling rock slope of the Luwangfen test Region of middle-route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project were studied on the different conditions.

比选、研究了在不同碾压机具、铺土层厚、碾压遍数等条件下，土工格栅＋泥灰岩开挖料、换填黏性土料、土工袋+泥灰岩开挖料等三种不同处理措施的压实效果。

The FMI image of alga limestone reservoir features in floe or cloud-like, oilier boundary being not straight, asymmetry internal structure, disorder bedding, local dissolution; The FMI image of siltstone reservoir and calcareous siltstone features in bright-yellow, brown-yellow strip: and The FMI image of limestone and marlite feautures in white, bright-yellow and white black interbedded strips.

藻灰岩储层FMI图像呈絮状或云朵状，外部边界不平直，内部构造不均匀，层理无规律，局部有溶蚀现象；泥质粉砂岩与钙质粉砂岩的FMI图像为亮黄色、棕黄色条带；而石灰岩、泥灰岩为白色，亮黄色及黑白相间的条带。

Of which,wet basis ash content is defined by gamma-ray log,and the precondition is the ash mainly argillaceous and contains no radioelement;carbon is defined by density log and artificial gamma log,and moisture calibration for density log ;saturated porosity is defined by density log after ash calibration;gas content is defined by acoustic log and density log compou.

其中以自然伽马测井确定湿灰分，该方法的前提条件是湿分主要是泥质且泥质不具放射性元素；以密度测井与人工伽马测井确定含碳量，并对密度测井作湿分校正；以灰分校正后的密度测井确定饱和水孔隙度；含气量的估算以声波测井和密度测井组成的复合参数ΔT/dDEN来确定，或以视电阻率曲线确定含气量。

In this area seven microfacies in the Chuangde Fm. red beds can be separated. They are: 1 reddish foraminifera grainstone; 2 reddish microfossils packstone/wackestone; 3 reddish marlstone with microfossils; 4 reddish marlstone; 5 red to variegated floatstone ; 6 reddish shales; 7 reddish radiolarite/ radiolarian chert.In the Yamudok Cuo area, it can be distinguished six microfacies in the redbeds including 1 reddish foraminifera grainstone; 2 reddish microfossils marlstone; 3 reddish shales; 4 yellow-grayish floatstone ; 5 reddish radiolarian chert; 6 reddish chert with radiolaria. The depositional environment of the Chuangde formation can be interpreted from sediments composition, as is deep oceanic basin adjacent to continental slope/rise. The slope/rise setting is indicated by the occurrence of olistoliths and slumped pelagic/hemipelagic limestone, present near the top of the Chuangde Fm.

进一步资料对比研究表明，全球上白垩统海相红层具有以下特征：a上白垩统红层出现在北大西洋、阿尔卑斯、喀尔巴阡、土耳其，向东一直到特提斯喜马拉雅地区和澳大利亚西北角的Exmouth海底高原，横贯整个特提斯和北大西洋；b沉积环境以外陆棚-斜坡和盆地为主，在斜坡环境下多发育有浊流沉积，如Scaglia Rossa和Nietrental组；c有机碳含量普遍很低，0～0.3％之间；d盆地相仅发育红色泥质岩，而斜坡和远洋环境下不仅发育红色页岩，同时还有红色泥灰岩、红色灰岩和红色硅质岩；e北大西洋和地中海地区在Cenomanian-Turonian界线黑色页岩之后不久的Turonian早期就出现红色沉积，而藏南出现在Santonian早期，Exmouth出现在Campanian早期，红层出现似乎有&西早东晚&的趋势。

The structural system was essentially trabeated and with stone being the basic raw material for the Indian craftsman, construction could be carried out with minimal or no mortar.

建筑体系本质上是横梁式的，石头是印度工匠的基本原料，用最小的泥灰甚至不用泥灰来建成。

The results show that: 1 the globally distributed CORBs were mainly present in late Cretaceous; 2the paleoenvironment of the CORBs is deep water of low latitude area in general; 3the lithologies are mainly consisted of red shale, red limestone, red marlstone, red mudstone and red siliciclastic shale; 4 the content of organic carbon is quite low.

通过对比，认为：1这些全球分布的大洋红层主要出现在晚白垩世，2一般分布在深水环境、低纬地区，3在岩性上，主要由红色页岩、红色灰岩、红色泥灰岩、红色泥岩、红色硅质页岩几种岩性组成，4有机碳含量普遍较低。

They not only occur in deep ocean basins such as in the central North Atlantic where they were deposited below CCD, but they extend up the continental slopes and rises, such as in the Alps, including the Gampu area , in the Carpathian Mountains (Austria, Slovakia, Poland, Romania), in Spain, in Turkey and in the Exmouth Plateau (Legs 122 and 123) in northwest Australia.The Upper Cretaceous reddish marlstones in Italy are particularly similar to the Upper Cretaceous Chuangde formation red beds in the Tibetan Himalayas. In summary, the Upper Cretaceous redbeds have several characteristic as follow:(1) very low TOC, only 0～0.3%;(2) wide distribution throughout the Neo-Tethys, from north Atlantic to the west, to Exmouth Plateau to the east;(3) Sedimentary environment of the red beds varied from oceanic basin, to slope/rise, to outer shelf. Most comment is pelagic and hemipelagic.

床得组泥灰岩〓含量0.26～5.62％，远远高于奥地利和意大利红层0.45～0.82％，并出现金属元素高含量，平均达926ppm，以高含量Ba、Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、Th等元素为特征；2）床得组红层〓相对于定日地区同期海相碳酸盐〓整体负向偏移量达2.0‰，而在其床得组红层内部〓自下而上一直攀升，自-1.5‰～0.0‰之间上升到0.0‰～1.0‰之间；定日贡扎剖面相当于江孜床得组红层的Santonian-Campanian期，〓也出现一弱负向偏移，偏移量达-0.8‰；3）红层内锶同位素〓比值为最低值，同期定日地区也出现锶同位素低值；4）床得组部分层段的泥晶灰岩出现丰富的有孔虫，其中尤以浮游有孔虫最为繁盛，与江孜地区临近的浅海陆棚相的定日—岗巴地区此时期出现自Cenomanian-Turonian界线生物绝灭后的生物辐射期。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。