火灾

Firstly, the random scene of fire was assumed. And then according to the probability distributions of the random parameters of fire in the building, a large number of samples were obtained using mixed congruence method and inverse function method of Monte-Carlo. Finally, the performance of the samples was simulated using Ozone, and the failure probability of the structure in fire was analyzed.

该模型首先确定火灾随机场景，根据建筑物内火灾随机参数的概率分布，利用蒙特卡洛的混合同余法和反函数法产生火灾随机场景的抽样样本，然后利用OZone软件进行火灾下抽样样本的性能模拟，通过大量样本的模拟实现了结构在火灾下的失效概率分析。

Several parameters for the fire resistance on cross section of a reinforced concrete T-beam exposed to the ISO834 standard fire are analyzed,including the fire time and the ration of load.

结合国内外建筑结构火灾试验，引入开裂准测和非线性本构关系，提出了火灾下结构有限元分析思路，利用数值模拟程序分析了火灾高温下钢筋混凝土T梁截面的温度分布，研究了火灾时间、荷载比对ISO834标准火灾升温过程下钢筋混凝土T梁桥挠度的时变效应规律及开裂状况。

Meanwhile, the host computer accomplishes the management of complicated data and control of single-chip computer, and with the use of Microsoft Communications Control provided by VC++, the communication between single-chip computer and personal computer is accomplished. Fifthly, by using systematic algorithm of MATLAB editable intelligent fire alarm system M file, and the user surface of VC++ intelligent fire alarm system, and also with the mixed program of MATLAB and VC++, the combination of the intelligent fusion algorithm and the visible surface is realized and the final judgment results are shown on the user interface. Lastly, the experiments about the effectiveness and reliability of intelligent fire alarm system shows that the system can distinguish fire, glow fire and non-fire source and that reducing the proportion of misreport is realized.

通过VC++提供的串行通信控件MSComm，完成了上位机和下位机之间的串口通信；(5)利用MATLAB编辑智能火灾报警系统算法M文件，再通过VC++设计智能火灾报警系统的用户界面，最后利用MATLAB和VC++混合编程，实现了智能融合算法与可视化界面的结合，将最终判断结果显示在用户界面上；(6)对开发的智能火灾报警系统的有效性和可靠性实验结果表明，该系统可以准确区分明火、阴燃火和非火灾源，对不同类型的火灾都具有较高的灵敏度，达到了降低误报率的目的。

The duality of ship fires has been discussed in chapter 2 for the fire duality is the important part of fire science. The research method of ship fire probability and determinability has been described under the scope of duality. A model of ship fire hazard evaluation was presented combing with the ship fire macro-properties of our country.

火灾的双重性规律是火灾科学的重要思想，本文的第二章对船舶火灾的双重性规律进行了探讨，提出了在火灾的双重性规律框架下开展船舶火灾及其防治研究的构想，概述了船舶火灾的随机性研究和确定性研究的基本方法，结合我国船舶火灾的宏观特征，给出了船舶火灾危险性评估的初步模型

Of course it is very discommodious. Based on previous studies of the application software to calculation on properties of smoke flow in fire Network Modeling and the time forecast software of personal evacuate travel in high-rise building, according to the quality and energy conservation principle, the paper proposes fire flue gas temperature when the fire reaching a dangerous state in the network model, then evacuation time can be calculated. Simultaneity, the paper proposes a new method that combining VB with MATLAB program technology to analyze and evaluate safety egress in Multi-layer and Multi-room building fire, besides the BF-SPES(the Building Fire Safety Performance Evaluation System)is worked out.

本文在重庆大学开发成功的火灾网络模型烟气流动预测软件和高层建筑人员疏散行动时间预测软件的基础上，根据质量和能量守恒原理，提出了火灾网络模型下火灾达到危险状态的烟气温度值，这样便能计算出可用安全疏散时间；同时提出了一种基于VB与MATLAB混合语言编程技术开发的多层多室建筑火灾安全疏散评估方法，并开发出建筑物火灾安全性能评价系统BF-SPES(the Building Fire Safety Performance Evaluation System)。

A set of integrity automatic fire alarming system is the beneficial guarantee of the people's life and property when a high building fire occurs and it's the key of if people can discover the fire quickly and accurately to put it out at the embryotic place of the appearance of fire.

高层建筑的特点决定其火灾的危险性和高层建筑的火灾自动报警系统的重要性，一套完整的火灾自动报警系统是高层建筑发生火灾时人们生命财产的有利保障，是能否快速准确地发现火情，把火灾扑灭在萌芽状态的关键所在。

A set of integrity automatic fire alarming system is the beneficial guarantee of the people%26rsquo;s life and property when a high building fire occurs and it%26rsquo;s the key of if people can discover the fire quickly and accurately to put it out at the embryotic place of the appearance of fire.

高层建筑的特点决定其火灾的危险性和高层建筑的火灾自动报警系统的重要性，一套完整的火灾自动报警系统是高层建筑发生火灾时人们生命财产的有利保障，是能否快速准确地发现火情，把火灾扑灭在萌芽状态的关键所在。

The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is able to put gas fire out after the gas supply source is cut, and it is also able to put out liquid fire, solid fire of fusible materials such as paraffin and asphalt, solid surface fire, deep-seated solid fire such as wincey, fabric, and paper, and electric fire, etc.

二氧化碳灭火系统可扑救灭火前可切断气源的气体火灾，液体火灾或石蜡、沥青等可熔化固体的火灾，固体表面火灾及棉毛、织物、纸张等固体深位火灾，电气火灾等。

In order to obtain the fire parameters of cable tunnels and study the time-dependent and spacedependent distribution of the air temperatures and fire smokes inside the tunnels, cable tunnel model is established and fullscale fire simulation is made by means of FDS developed by NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). The distribution pattern of the smoke density, oxygen density and temperature are obtained by means of processing and analysis of the experiment data, so as to provide some effective methods for fire-fighting, rescuing and escaping. Furthermore, some suggestion is made on fire prevention.

为了获取电缆隧道火灾参数，研究隧道内空气温度及火灾烟雾浓度随时间、空间的分布情况，利用NIST (美国国家标准和技术研究院)研发软件FDS，建立电缆隧道模型，进行全尺寸火灾模拟，通过实验数据处理和分析，给出了电缆隧道发生火灾时烟气浓度和氧气浓度以及纵向温度的变化规律，为现实火灾救援灭火、人员逃亡提供一些有效方法，并对火灾预防提出一些建议。

From the view of basic theory and science, technology science and engineering technology, fire science and fire protection engineering are an integrated knowledge system of fire science, fire technology and fire engineering, which are composed of seven sub disciplines, including fire science, fire prevention engineering, fire suppression engineering, fire management engineering, fire command engineering, fire caus...

火灾科学与消防工程学是一门以火灾发生与发展规律及其预防与扑救技术为研究对象的新兴交叉性学科。其具备火灾学、消防技术和消防工程所形成的完整知识体系；其下属的子学科包括火灾学、防火工程、灭火工程、消防管理工程、灭火指挥工程、火灾原因调查技术及其他相关学科。大力开展火灾科学与消防工程学科体系领域的研究，推进消防科学技术学科建设，是社会进步与科技发展的必然，也是加入WTO后保证经济国际化发展的客观要求。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。