火山爆发

Its volcanoes do not have the explosive oomph of some eruptions in the "ring of fire" around the Pacific, such as those of Tambora and Krakatoa in the 19th century, let alone the prehistoric eruptions of Taupo, in New Zealand, and Toba, in Indonesia, which were large enough to have severe, if short-lived, effects on the global climate.

其中就有印度尼西亚唐伯拉火山和19世纪爆发过的喀拉喀托火山，更不用提新西兰的陶波和印尼的托巴了，它们的爆发至少在短期内会对全球气候造成严重影响。

Sub-volcanic rocks include andesitic porphyrite, rhylitic porphyry, cryptoexplosive breccia as well as autobreccia etc.(2) Volcanic lithofacies——through the observation of cores, identification of thin sections and interpretation of well logs and seismic data, there are 8 kinds of lithofacies for the volcanic rocks of Yingcheng Formation are identified: fallout facies, effusion facies, pyroclastic flow facies, base surges facies, lahar facies, eruption-sedimentary facies, subvolcanic facies and extrusion facies.(3) Three types of eruption——i. e. explosion, effusion and surge.(4) Two kinds of eruptive environments——Subaerial (e. g. volcano in Well Shangshen 3) and subaqueous .(5) Three remarkable volcanic apparatus in Shengping-Wangjiatun area——layered, micro-shield and cone volcanoes according to volcanic processes and lithofacies distribution.

次火山岩有安山玢岩、流纹斑岩、隐爆角砾岩及自碎角砾岩等；(2)火山岩相——通过岩芯观察、镜下鉴定、测井与地震资料解释，营城组火山岩中发育8种岩相类型，即爆发空落相、溢流相、火山碎屑流、基底涌流相、喷发沉积相、火山泥石流相、侵出相和次火山相等；(3)火山喷发的形式——有爆发、溢流和涌流三种；(4)火山喷发环境——有陆上(如尚深3井火山)和水下两种；(5)火山机构类型——根据火山作用特点和岩相分布特征，在升平—汪家屯地区识别出三类截然不同的火山机构，即层火山、微型盾火山和渣锥火山。

Volcanoes; Mayon; subglacial eruptions; explosive eruptions; hotspots; lava balloons; images; climate model; climate; Azores; mid ocean ridge; MOR

关键词：火山；马荣火山；冰下爆发；爆炸性爆发；热点；熔岩气球；图像；气候模型；气候；亚述尔群岛；中间海洋脊

There are 4 end members of volcanic clasts, including catapult airfall, ejection airfall, base surge and volcanic clasts flow.

与火山作用有关岩相有4种端元的火山碎屑岩相：弹射坠落爆发空落相、喷射降落爆发空落相、热碎屑流相和热基浪相。

If the volcanic clasts were deposited on volcanic slope and/or fluvial plain, they would occur in the 4 faceis mentioned above or in alluvial fan and braid stream.

与火山作用有关岩相有4种端元的火山碎屑岩相：弹射坠落爆发空落相、喷射降落爆发空落相、热碎屑流相和热基浪相。

Mount Etna has the longest period of documented eruption of any volcano in the world.

这个活火山已经有一段长周期没有喷发了。要掌握全世界的任何火山爆发存档资料。

Lava flowed from the crater of Mayon volcano in Legazpi, Philippines, Tuesday.

熔岩从Mayon火山口喷薄而出，火山爆发导致约5万人流离失所。

When Robock and his team applied their climate model to calibrate the recorded response to the 1912 eruptions of Katmai olcano in Alaska, they found that obsered temperature anomalies were accurately reproduced.

当Robock和他的小组将他们的气候模型应用于记录的校准，该记录是有关1912年位于阿拉斯加的Katmai火山爆发，他们发现观测温度的异常被精确的再现了。

The volcanic eruption at Santorini 250 years later destroyed the palaces again, although Knossos was rebuilt for a new dynasty.

在火山爆发的桑托林销毁250年后再次宫殿，虽然克诺萨斯重建一个新的时期。

It is not clear if the tsunami could have reached inland to the Minoan capital at Knossos, but the fallout from the volcano would have carried other consequences - massive ash falls and crop failure.

海啸是否侵袭至内陆的迈诺安首都克诺索斯，目前尚不清楚，但是火山爆发的余波必定招至其它的后果–大规模的落尘以及农作物的欠收。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新