火山作用的

At the same time, the four different genesis types of the sequence interfaces are divided: orogenic erosive sequence unconformity interface, uplift erosive sequence unconformity interface, transgression onlap sequence unconformity interface, exposural sequence unconformity interface; simultaneously the ten concrete mineral showing forms are summarized, i.e. paleo-weathering crust, drossy layer, river rejuvenation surface, paleo-karst surface, slope gravity current erosion surface, intrabasin turbid flow erosion surface, volcanic events surface, lithologic and lithofacies conversion surface, onlap surface and maximium sea flooding surface.

同时归纳出了4种不同的层序界面成因类型：造山侵蚀层序不整合界面、升隆侵蚀层序不整合界面、海侵上超层序不整合界面和暴露层序不整合界面等；同时总结出10种具体的物质表现形式，即：古风化壳、渣状层、河流回春作用面、古喀斯特作用面、斜坡重力流冲刷侵蚀面、盆地内浊流侵蚀面、火山事件作用面、岩性、岩相转换面、上超面和最大海泛面。

The average greatest grain-sizes of lithic fragments and pumice fragments in pyroclastic flow deposits decrease with increasing distance from the crater, indicating that gravity sorting and mechanical wearing did occur during the transportation of the pyroclastic flow.

火山碎屑流堆积中的岩屑和浮岩的平均最大粒度随着离开火山口距离的加大而减小，反映火山碎屑流搬运过程中存在重力分选和机械磨损作用。

Base on above studies, some conclusions were obtained as follows:(1) ore-forming background of the studied ferromanganese crusts are mainly controlled by intensity of Antarctic Bottom Waters and variations of material source;(2) it is confirmed that the ferromanganese crusts are mainly hydrogenetic and their composition are affected by volcanic and continental material simultaneously; there are no obvious phosphatization reconstruction and element reaction occurred in them, so they have important paleoceanological significance;(3) from researches on element occurrence modes in the new-type ferromanganese crusts and the lying sediments, it is proposed that there is no great biological affection on the crusts formation and their composition mainly came from the adsorptive action of the ferromanganese oxides in them;(4) two major types of ore-controlling factors are identified through compilation of ore-controlling factors, which are geological and oceanic factors;(5) considering the long-term variation trends of the crusts composition, combing the U-series and 10Be isotope dating results, it is proposed that the ore-forming processes of ferromanganese crusts in the studied areas can be divided into three major stages (5.6~2.8 Ma, 2.8~2.7 Ma and since 2.7 Ma), and then the activities of AABW since the Late Miocene, changes of input flux coming from volcanic and continental material are confirmed.

通过研究，得出如下结论：(1)研究区铁锰结壳的成矿背景主要受控于南极底流强弱及物源供给的变化；(2)证实铁锰结壳主要为水成成因，同时其物质组成也受一定程度的火山和陆源物质的影响；结壳自形成以来没有遭受到明显的磷酸盐化等成岩后期改造和元素再迁移，具有重要的古海洋学意义；(3)通过新型铁锰结壳及下伏沉积物元素赋存状态的研究，认为生物作用对研究区结壳的形成并没有很大的直接影响，其物质成分主要来自于结壳中铁锰氧化物的吸附作用；(4)在控矿要素的研究中，归纳出了地质与海洋两大类结壳控矿要素；(5)根据结壳成分长周期变化趋势，结合铀系和10Be测年结果，将研究区结壳的形成过程划分为三个主要阶段(5.6~2.8 Ma，2.8~2.7 Ma和2.7 Ma以来)，并确定了晚中新世以来研究区南极底流的活动情况、火山和大陆来源物质输入量的变化。

From a laboratory-modeling test, combined with the air temperature and permafrost temperature data of a field test roadbed in Fenghuoshan, the advantage of riprap slope protection for rising permafrost table along a road or a railway in permafrost regions is shown.

基于室内实验结果，并结合风火山地区地温资料以及风火山实验场现场观测资料，针对抛石护坡对公路铁路沿线路基底下的多年冻土的保护作用以及对多年冻土上限的抬升效果进行对比分析，证实了抛石护坡措施的优越性和可行性。

After that the territor ial extensional stress field caused by the plates movement and the mantle upheave etc. makes the Yishu fault system keep on cutting downward tend to form rift valley. The tectonism causes the fairly large-scale invasion of the small neutral -partial alkaline rock-bodies and the gold mineralization in the Linyi area.

燕山中期板块俯冲运动和地幔上涌等因素引起的区域性拉张作用使沂沭断裂继续向下深切张裂，向裂谷性质演化，造成沂南、临沂等地区较大规模中性偏碱性次火山岩型小岩体的侵入和火山喷发，在火山机构内或围绕次火山岩小岩体形成与中性偏碱性次火山岩有关的次火山岩型金矿化。

The petrophysical properties of volcanic rock reservoirs in Junggar Basin are generally characterized by the following: the acidic lava and auto brecciated lava are the best, especially the petrophysical properties of auto brecciated lava and andesites after the tectonic movement and denudation process in the later stages are superior to those of basalts.

准噶尔盆地火山岩储层物性一般特点是：酸性熔岩、火山角砾岩最好，特别是经后期构造运动和溶蚀作用改造后的火山角砾岩；安山岩的物性总体优于玄武岩。

The petrophysical properties of volcanic rock reservoirs in Junggar Basin are generally characterized by the following: the acidic lava and auto brecciated lava are the best, especially the petrophysical properties of auto brecciated lava and andesites after the tectonic movement and denudation process

准噶尔盆地火山岩储层物性一般特点是：酸性熔岩、火山角砾岩最好，特别是经后期构造运动和溶蚀作用改造后的火山角砾岩；安山岩的物性总体优于玄武岩。

Which is formed as a result of geological vicissitudes including diastrophic movement, eruption of volcano, sedimentation, glaciation and weathering etc.

矿石是在地壳运动、火山爆发、沉淀作用、冰川作用和风化作用等各种地质变迁中形成的

Mechanism of action is quite different comparing with that below 100km.The analyses indicate that the formation and activity of Tengchong volcano are related to the downthrust and collision of India and Eurasia plates.So,the volcanoes belong to a collision one.

分析还表明，腾冲火山的形成与活动，与印度板块和亚欧板块两个大陆板块俯冲、碰撞，及在缅甸那加山、阿拉干山板块缝合线产生的斜俯冲和侧面挤压剪切作用密切相关，它应该属于两个大陆板块碰撞型板缘火山。

The northest Jiangxi province is the important gold-producing base in China characterized bymultiple types of gold deposits,preferential gold ore-forming condition and huge potential for further gold exploration.

依据成矿物质来源、成矿作用、矿床产出条件、矿石建造和围岩蚀变等因素，将赣东北地区岩金矿床划分为岩浆热液类、火山-次火山热液类、多源热液类和地下热水渗滤类等4类8型，分述了各类金矿成矿地质特征，总结了沉积建造、构造和岩浆岩对区内金矿的控制作用，指出了赣东北地区金矿找矿方向。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。