激子

With the bell-type soliton movement in supersonic speed and the kink-type soliton movement in subsonic speed the two types of the soliton bound states appear to situate at the bottom and the top of the exciton energy band respectively.

对Bell一型孤子以亚声速＜运动，而Kink一型孤子以超声速运动，它们分别出现在激子能带底部和顶部。

It is found thatthe fractal dimension D=1.25 corresponds to the lowest criticalcoupling constant αc=1.9,D=1.73 corresponds to the highest criticalratio of dielectric constants ηc=0.163,and when D≤1.145 bipolaronscan not exist at any rate.In chap,4,we will propose a novelapproach to the calculation of the exciton ground-state energy for thestrong-coupling case.Different from all previous methods,the wavefunction of the phonon part is assumed to take a form related to thewave function of the relative motion.We obtain the exciton energy bysolving the derived integrodifferential equation rather than select ahydrogen-like form to minimize the energy expectation.

结果发现，分数维的维数D＝1.25对应最小的临界的电-声耦合常数(αo＝1.9)，D＝1.73对应最大的临界的介电常数比(ηc＝0.163)，当分数维的维数D≤1.145时，双极化子无论如何也不可能存在，在第四章中，我们将提出一种新颖的变分方法来计算强耦合的激子-声子系统的基态能，不同于以前所有的方法，我们取声子的波函数与相对运动波函数有关的形式，而不是假定一个固定的关于相对运动坐标r的函数形式，得到相对运动波函数所满足的非线性的微分积分方程，我们数值求解这个微分积分方程得到系统基态能，而不是选择一个类氢原子的波函数变分使得能量的期待值最小。

Various static and dynamic effects such as soliton excitations, polaron excitations, exciton self-trapped and nonlinear breathers are observed in the simulation.

许多不同的效应如孤子、激子、极化子与非线性的呼吸震动可在模拟中见到。

However, the exciton radiative lifetime in SM L QDs is around 90ps at 10K (Figure 4), which

但是，SML量子点中激子的中心限制在2维平面上，激子的辐

The mechanism of this spectral shift lies in the electrical field ionization of excitons.

这种光谱的移动机制依赖于激子的场致离化，这种作用起源于能带模型的应用而非分子激子理论。

According to the theory of excitions generation and diffusion, the relationship between spectrum intensity and the thickness of every layer, the excitons diffusion length is discussed. The result of the theory analysis is in good agreement with the experiments.

根据激子产生和扩散理论，讨论了器件性能对于各发光层的厚度及激子扩散长度的依赖关系，拟合结果与实验结果吻合。

Any of a family of subatomic particles, including the nucleon and hyperon multiplets, that participate in strong interactions, are composed of three quarks, and are generally more massive than mesons.

激子，重子微原子粒子家族中的一员，包括核子和超子多重谱线，由三夸克组成，一般比介子要重，会发生很强烈的内部反应

Now,more and more experiments have indicated that the primary excitations in luminescentpolymers are the interchain excitons,so it is not sufficient to only study the single chainof the polymer and the interchain coupling must be considered.

对于实验中更为可能的反平行情形，当激子中的电子和空穴不在一条链上时倾向于分开一段距离，这与实验工作者提出的&空间非直接激子&的概念相吻合。

Conjugated polymers which are different from traditional semiconductor, have some unique properties. Most of them are quasi-one-dimensional systems with strong electron-phonon interaction. Their carriers are composite particles, which are different from simply electron and hole, characterized with the surrounding distortion of lattice configuration (polaron with spin 1/ 2 , bipolaron with spin 0 etc.). The transport of the carriers and the process that oppositely charged polarons combine to from exciton are believed to be of fundamental importance for electroluminescence properties.

共轭聚合物具有不同于传统半导体的特性，它们是强电-声相互作用的准一维体系，其载流子不再是简单的电子和空穴，而是伴随晶格畸变的具有内部结构的复合粒子(自旋1/2的极化子、自旋为0的双极化子等)，这些载流子的输运、以及正负极化子对复合成激子的过程在很大程度上决定着聚合物的电致发光性质。

We calculated the input power of a SiO〓 glass fiber at which the NBNEs can no longer be neglected and discussed the influence of this non-boson effect on intense light Raman scatterings in optical fibers.

本文计算了在怎样强的输入功率下，SiO〓光纤中激子非玻色性不再可以忽略，并讨论了激子非玻色性对光纤中强光拉曼散射的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。