激子

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

The plant and environment interactions and the molecule mechanism, include light acceptors and its message transductions, heat shock and its protein induced, phytopathological defensive reaction and its elicitors and related proteins, mechanical injury message and the signal introduction.

环境刺激及其反应的分子机制：光受体及其信号转导；热激及热激蛋白、功能与热激反应的信号转导；植物的病理防御反应，激发子及其结合蛋白与防御反应的信号转导；机械与伤害信号分子及其信号转导。

Furthermore, shot noise spectrum of superradiant entangled excitons in double dots is also investigated

我们也计算出双量子点中纠缠态激子的shot-noise spectrum，理论的结果显示量子纠缠态可藉

We calculate the eigen decay rate andmixture of the excitons with different vave vectors.

求出了各个本征衰率和不同波矢激子的混合。

The frequency and amplitude of wake force were deduced theoretically, while the influence of stator sector distribution and stator vane quantity on the wake force of vane was also discussed. Transient analysis was conducted for the forcing response of rotor blades under the same stator sector distribution and different quantities of stator vane, so an optimum asymmetry stator mistuned design was developed.

对不对称静子叶片非谐情况下激振力频率幅值进行推导，讨论了静子扇区分布和静叶数目选取对尾流激振力的影响，并对相同扇区分布不同静叶数目情况下转子叶片的强迫响应进行瞬态分析，给出不对称静子非谐设计的最优方案。

It is found that these properties are influenced and modulated by that of surface phonons because of the interaction between photons and the surface phonon modes.

通过研究各声子极化激元场强分量在空间的分布，表明由于表面声子模式与光波场的相互作用，场强分布受到表面声子的影响和调制。

With the increase of annealing temperature, the increase of tension strain in films reduces the band gap of ZnO, hence results in the shift of the excitonic peak to lower energy.

随着退火温度的增加，薄膜中的张应力增大，导致带隙宽度减小以及激子复合跃迁峰逐渐向低能方向移动。

With the increase of annealing temperature, the increase of tension strain in films reduces the band gap of ZnO, hence resulting the peaks of excitonic transition shift to the lower energy.

随着退火温度的增加，薄膜中的张应力增大，导致带隙宽度减小以及激子复合跃迁峰逐渐向低能方向移动。

In our group, metalloporphyrins are found as useful phosphorescent probe to investigate biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, protein and so on. The splittings appearing in the excitation spectra indicate the characteristics of exitonic coupling.

近几年该课题组开展了以金属卟啉室温磷光作为探针的分析应用研究，已经发现在生物介质如DNA、RNA、蛋白质等介导下，卟啉室温磷光激发光谱发生分裂，表现出强烈的激子耦合特征。

The change of the molecular conformations of Langmuir films at air/water interface is also investigated.

在我们的这些双发色团分子中，常见的偶极—偶极激子相互作用发生的可能性不大。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。