激光材料

Chromium oxide ceramic coating has proven to be laser engraving the best roller surface material and the roller surface coating technology is plasma spraying.

氧化铬陶瓷涂布已被证明是激光雕刻网纹辊的最佳表面材料，而网纹辊表面陶瓷涂布的新技术就是等离子喷涂。

The numerical results indicate that the collimating performances of two lens changed little as the increasing of the refractive index and this made it possible to choose the material of the lens in more field.Theoretically,the radiation angle of laser diode beams in the quick axis can be compressed under 0.1 mrad.

结果表明：这两种柱透镜的准直效率随折射率的变化不大，这在一定程度上提高了透镜材料选择的灵活性；并且理论上，共轴双半椭圆柱透镜可以将半导体激光光束快轴方向的发散角压缩到0.1 mrad量级。

In addition, laser Raman scattering and low temperature photoluminescence measurements are carried out, the GaSb-like LO mode, AlSb-like LO mode and the coupled mode between LO phonon and plasmon are observed. According to the dependence of the GaSb-like LO mode frequency on Al composition, an empirical formula was obtained for determining the Al composition.

用激光喇曼散射和低温光致发光研究了材料的光学性质，观察到了类GaSb的LO模和类AlSb的LO模以及LO声子与等离子体激元的耦合模L，并根据类GaSb的LO模随Al组分x的变化规律，得到一个计算Al组分的近似公式。

Furthermore, according to the simulated results, the deformation behavior of laser curve bending process is explained theoretically from the thermo-mechanics point of view.

一般来说，激光成形是小应变小变形区成形，材料因变形而产生的内热可以忽略不计

The plasma ignition threshold of metal is got through experimental and numerical study. The vapour and plasma ignition times of the target are got based on the equation of heat conduction and cascade model. We suppose that the plasma is ignited when generations of new electrons are born in vapour generation time. The influence of temperature on the thermodynamics and optics parameters of material also have been considered in the model. The resulting theory has good agreement with the experiment and overseas report. A blade method to measure the laser spot is given in this paper with validation and error analysis. The plasma threshold of metals in atmosphere and water ambients both are diagnosed with the light deflection and piezoelectric transducer. A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at infrared (1064nm), visible(532nm) and ultraviolet (355nm) wavelengths has been used. Al、Fe、Cu are used as targets and get a similar results with both method. Theoretical and experimental analyses are applied on the influence of wavelength on the threshold have been done, both of which have shown that the plasma threshold of metals decrease as the laser wavelength increases; The plasma threshold of metals are higher in water than in air and the pressure of the shock wave in water is five times higher than in air .

从热传导方程和雪崩电离机制出发，假设当电子增值210倍时，考虑了温度对材料热力学和光学参数的影响时，得到了气化和等离子体点燃的时间，利用该模型进行计算得到的结果与国内外报道及自行通过实验测得的阈值基本一致；提出了利用刀刃法测量激光光斑面积的方法，并通过实验进行了验证和误差分析；利用光偏转装置和压电换能器分别对空气和水中金属等离子体点燃阈值进行了实验诊断，激光器均为调Q－YAG激光器（波长1064nm，532nm，355nm，脉宽10ns），靶材分别为Al、Fe和Cu，两种测试方法得到的等离子体点燃阈值基本一致；本文从实验和理论计算两个方面讨论了波长对等离子体点燃阈值的影响，均得到了等离子体点燃阈值随著波长的增加而减小的结论；对空气中和水中不同环境下金属等离子体的点燃阈值进行了比较研究，得到了金属在水中的等离子体点燃阈值比空气中的大，且水中产生的冲击波的压强是空气中的5倍左右的结论。

Imitating the non-smooth shape of biont surface,the non-smooth surfaces with different shape and distributing distance were obtained on the H13 die steel by laser.

模仿生物体表的非光滑形态，利用激光在H13模具钢表面加工出各种形态和分布间隔的非光滑单元体，研究非光滑单元体形态、分布间隔对模具钢磨损性能的影响，并探讨非光滑表面材料的磨损机理。

The relationship between the processing parameters and the dilution and the effective utilization of powder coefficient were explained theoretically In the meantime, the theoretical method to analyze the variation of the microstructure and the properties of the cladded layer were formulated.

建立了多道搭接技术条件下熔覆层稀释率、粉末有效利用系数和激光热有效利用率的方程。在搭接过程中，熔覆材料的损失机制主要是烧损。

To avoid the forming of cracks in iron based laser cladding, the volume fractions of austenite and cemetite in cladding layers were adjusted through adjusting the contents of Ni. The claddings were produced on gray irons without preheating.

采用铁基熔敷材料，在不预热情况下通过调整熔敷金属Ni含量，改变铸铁激光熔敷层内奥氏体相与渗碳体相体积分数，进而抑制熔敷层裂纹的产生。

In the mechanism aspects, based on our experiments and consulting other experiments and local theoretical works of other researchers, physical phenomena in every stage are completely studied in detail, such as twin dynamic interfaces in a bulk target, ejections and expansions of plasma, deposition of thin films.

在机理的研究方面，以我们已有的薄膜材料制备实验资料为基础，参照国内外PLD薄膜制备的实验文献和有关PLD局部过程理论研究工作，对PLD技术的各个阶段的物理现象，其中包括脉冲激光烧蚀块靶产生的双动态界面、等离子体的发射和膨胀、等离子体沉积成膜诸阶段的演化，进行了比较深入细致地研究。

The invention adopts a semiconductor laser or other pumping lights, such as a LED light, to pump the etalons, optical elements and wave plates made of optical materials which can absorb the pumping light, and regulates the output power of the pumping light to change the temperature of transmittance zones of the etalons, wave plates and optical elements so as to realize the changing of transmission wavelength of the etalons, the quick changing of wave plate phase and the quick changing of optical length of optical elements.

本发明采用半导体激光或其他泵浦光如LED光泵浦由可吸收泵浦光的光学材料制作的标准具、光学元件、波片，由调节泵浦光输出功率改变标准具波片、光学元件透光区域的温度，从而实现标准具透过波长的改变、波片相位快速变化，光学元件光学长度快速变化。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新