澄清的

Inculcated with the principals of ironic-metaphoric language Alexandros Vasmoulakis in his present work uses oppositions to elucidate, ambiguities to emphasize, crystal clear signs to puzzle; like an artistic roamer he defies the borderlines between painting and drawing, street art and installation, unfolding bravely the first steps of each piece in its final form, prompted by an instinctive disgust of secretiveness and using the blank space as a way to open up the painting.

在他现在的工作中具有讽刺意味的，隐喻的语言亚历山德罗Vasmoulakis校长灌输反对使用澄清，强调含糊，清晰的标志难题；像他无视艺术漫游用户之间的绘画和绘图，街头艺术和安装的界线，勇敢地展开每一个在其最后的形式由一个秘密的本能厌恶提示，一块的第一步，以此作为一种开放的绘画的空白。

The poet, that beautified the sect, that was otherwise inferior to the rest, said yet excellently well: 'it is a pleasure, to stand upon the shore, and to see ships tossed upon the sea; a pleasure to stand in the window of a castle, and to see a battle, and the adventures thereof below: but no pleasure is comparable to the standing upon the vantage ground of truth:' (a hill not to be commanded, and where the air is always clear and serene;) 'and to see the errors, and wanderings, and mists, and tempests, in the vale below;' so always, that this prospect be with pity, and not with swelling, or pride.

"有一派感性主义哲学〈指伊璧鸠鲁派哲学家克莱修（ Lucretius ，罗马人，约前99—约前55）。名著有《特质论》。认为感觉是一切的尺度〉在许多方面是肤浅的，但其中一位诗人却由於向往真理而流芳於世。他曾说过："居高临下遥看颠簸于大海中的航船是愉快的，站在堡垒中遥看激战中的战场也是愉快的，但是没有能比攀登于真理的高峰之上（一座高出一切的山陵，在那里的空气永远是澄清而宁静的），俯视尘世中的种种谬误与迷障、迷雾和风暴之变更愉快了！

Grounded on the first chapter, new and original in content, the second and the third chapters, employing the theories in phonetics, writing, rhetoric, semantics and aesthetics, further discusses the rhetorical and the semantic functions of the comma in English and Chinese: rhetorically speaking, the comma can be used to clarify, to expound, to substitute, to emphasize, to contrast, to complement, or to vivify; semantically speaking, the comma itself can carry information to indicate certain meaning, or the presence and absence of the comma can cause semantic changes. The fourth chapter applies what has been discussed in the previous chapters to English-Chinese translation.

在此基础上，本文第二、三章标新立异，运用语音语调原理、写作、修辞、美学、语义学等方面的知识，通过详实的文献实例，全面地论述了英汉语逗号的修辞和语义功能：从修辞功能的角度看，逗号可以用以进行澄清、解释、替代、强调、对比、补充，或是取得生动和幽默的效果，等等；从语义功能的角度看，逗号本身可以作为信息载体，暗含特定的意思，在更多的情况下，它本身不含意义，但它的使用与否会引起整个句子意思的变化。

And by means of this some mis-understanding on myths are clarified, such as the legends of Buddha were not composed by specific authors, but were narratives about the sacred history symbolizing connotative meanings behind the literal senses of the words. Then work on analysis along topics such as, the symbolised connotation, the assistance from supernatural power, the structure of sacred time and space, and the transformation to cosmic events from historical events. Finally, concluding culture, religious language, and behavioristic effects are the three points that should be held as principle on hermeneutics of myths.

并以此对佛传神话做一些澄清，分别的点出佛传神话是&没有一个固定的作者&，它所&述说的是神圣的历史&，并&以象征的方式，传达深层的蕴含&；接着，抽离出&象征的蕴含&、&超自然的力量的帮助&、&神圣时间与空间的建构&与&从历史事件转变为宇宙事件&等主题，对佛传神话做分析；最后，以&文化&、&宗教语言&与&行果&三方面，来作为信仰者在诠释神话时所应掌握的原则。

This paper, starting to explain the definition and the analysis of Utopia, through Utopian ideas outside of Utopia or the development of the spirit of Utopia, persisting in the scientific theory of Marxism, mainly studies the value of Utopia and the beneficial inspiration of ideal society. Not only positively inquired about the Utopia and the society develop the objective law conjunction spot, also to the Utopia knew on misinterprets even is the misunderstanding proposes the question and the reply. Finally the ultimate objective which develops the Utopia meaning and the society is persons full scale development organic synthesis, and the establishment to the scientific attitude which positively develops the good and discard the bad enriches the Utopia thought connotation, simultaneously unceasingly gives the proof in the society historic course, for the impetus Utopia development future trend, then fundamentally will reject its own existence all sorts unreasonable factor, will enable the Utopia this society ideal perfect design to have the possibility under the situation which the humanity will progress which the reality will transform.

本文拟从乌托邦的原始解读入手，运用例证法、引证法、对比法、定义法、演绎法和归纳法，通过乌托邦思想史的历史溯源，以马克思主义的唯物史观和科学社会主义等理论为依据，全面剖析乌托邦正反两方面的价值性，在着力探讨乌托邦合理成分转化为理想的可能性基础之上，就乌托邦的取舍问题提出个人的见解，最后再将乌托邦置于当前社会发展的背景下，按照构建和谐社会乃至和谐世界的总体要求，对进一步澄清关于乌托邦的模糊认识，并使乌托邦走出历史发展中的误区注入新的血液和营养，从而能够真正发挥乌托邦人性关怀的精神救赎作用，实现乌托邦理性光芒与马克思关于人的全面发展的思想的高度统一，为不断促进人的全面发展提供更加美好和更加广阔的希望空间。

The results indicated that the impact could be separated into six aspects, each with their own coping behaviors. These were as follows:(1) uncertainty over gender identification: seeking and reconfirming a recognition of identity;(2) fear of losing their appearance and attractiveness: seeking medical assistance and developing a personal health plan;(3) anxiety about their role as a sexual partner: searching and collecting relevant information;(4) humiliation and an expectation of discrimination within society: intentionally hiding their illness;(5) a loss of self-esteem: reestablishing their role in the family and gaining confidence from employment;(6) a fear of change in the marital relationship: giving positive support to their spouse, while preparing for and accepting possible changes to their marital relationship.

研究结果显示冲击的产生包括六个部份，而冲击反映出的因应行为，对应如下：(1)对於性别定位的动摇：从试探中寻求与再确认重要他人的认同；(2)面临失去外貌吸引力的威胁：寻求医疗的辅助、建立一套自我养身法、另造身体之优势；(3)担心术后无法胜任性伴侣角色之职：主动的寻求与收集相关资讯、澄清疑问；(4)本身的耻感情绪，预期社会的异样眼光：刻意隐瞒疾病；(5)自我价值的贬抑：建立自己於家庭中功能性的位置、发挥所长致力於工作，从中获得成就与自信；(6)害怕婚姻关系的改变：建立对配偶的正向评价、无奈的默许与接受未来婚姻关系的可能改变、准备自己。

This paper, beginning by seeing the theory of labor-value as footstone of scientific socialism, and following the principles of "correct understanding, deeply dredging-up, richening and development", aims to a discussion of some questions about the labor-value theory, and try to clarify some confused views or misunderstandings on the theory, and then, based on this clarification, to focus attention onto three central questions connected with both the labor-value theory and our todays practices.

本文从劳动价值论是科学社会主义的理论基石这一角度切入，立足于&正确理解、深入挖掘、丰富发展&这样一个基点，展开对劳动和劳动价值论几个问题的探讨，试图澄清理论界对理论本身的一些混乱的认识和误解，在此基础上，对现实中相关的热点问题提出自己的一些观点和看法。深化对劳动和劳动价值论的认识，涉及现实中的很多问题和理论本身的方方面面，本文仅就其中的三个关键问题展开探讨：一是劳动的本质问题，二是劳动和价值的创造问题，三是劳动和价值的分配问题。

Ernest August Gutt has been engaged in this domain and made great achievements.A systematic research on Gutt"s translation theory clarifies some misunderstandings concerning this theory, disclosing its true nature and exploring its explanatory power to translation practice. Furthermore this thesis probes into the application of Gutt"s theory to literary translation, pointing out that Gutt fails to realize the important role that non-formal aesthetic markers, such as tone and feeling, play in transferring aesthetic values in literary translation, though he lays much emphasis on the transference of formal aesthetic markers. Attempts have been made to amend Gutt"s theory in respect of transferring aesthetic values of literary work by means of "non-formal aesthetic markers, with the aim of making it more suitable for literary translation between Chinese and English.

本文简述了关联理论的基本内容，对恩斯特·奥古斯特·格特根据关联理论建立的关联翻译理论作了较为全面、系统的研究；梳理、分析了译界对它的研究情况和接受情况，澄清了译界对关联翻译理论的种种错误认识；探讨了该理论对翻译现象的强大解释力；最后对格特理论在汉英文学翻译实践中的局限性进行了有益探索，指出了格特理论在文学作品的美学价值的再现上存在不足：格特忽视了美的非形式特征在文学作品的美学价值的再现上所起的重要作用；并结合自己的翻泽研究和实践，从美的形式特征和非形式特征两个方面，用具体译例阐释了文学翻译如何再现原作美学价值的问题，力求使该理论更适合于汉英文学翻译。

Children asked questions out of curiosity and therefore their inquiry is used to provide suggestion, offer doubts, lead for discussion, and ask for supports. Secondly, in the beginning reading period, children use illustration and give impromptus performance to guess and predict the plot of story. During the discussion period, children respond in six ways. Children ask more questions on the previous problems. The reading texts are used as basis for clarification and rational explanation for unreasonable points. Children's reading experience, their life experience, and self-creative stories are used to provide detailed explanation on contracted and unclear reading texts. Thirdly, children's response on reading can be divided into two types: concrete and abstract. Concrete responses include practical suggestion, illustration imagination, and plot deduction. Abstract responses include discussing characters' feelings, conversing about imagination outside the texts, and exploring and metaphors.

质疑、引导谈话、徵求支持的目的；(2)初次阅读时，儿童会以猜测与预测故事发展、为图画提供说明以及即兴表演的方式进行回应，而阅读讨论阶段则有六种回应方式：针对提出的问题再予延伸发问、以文本内容为澄清问题的根据、为不合理处提出可能的合理的解释、填补缝隙，将文本中较为简略或不够详尽之处，赋予更多细节说明、提供自己的经验以为例证以及改编或自创故事；(3)儿童阅读回应之重心可分具体、抽象二种主题类型，具体的回应主题以实用性建议、图像联想、推理情节为主；抽象概念之回应主题则以探讨角色的情感、漫谈故事之外的联想、探索隐含的寓意为主。

Thereby the fundamental principle of the single practice faction of Taoist theory for inner elixir is come out. Then, mainly according to Wuliu Xianzong and Dacheng Jieyao, author elaborates the approximate appearance of the single practice faction of Taoist art for inner elixir such as"Constructing the foundation in one hundred days","Plucking the great medicine in seven days","Hibernating in Seven days","Keeping the embryo in ten month","The positive deity leaving the body","Cultivating in three years","Seating in front of a wall in nine years"and so on. At the same time common misunderstandings that cause to some terminology are clarified such as "The Xing before the Ming"and"The Ming before the Xing".

文章通过对内丹学南宗、北宗和中派的代表性丹经的发掘和整理，明确这些丹经中的&先天&、&后天&、&元神&、&元气&、&元精&、&阴阳&、&造化&、&心&等等主要概念的基本含义，从而归纳出清修派内丹学的基本理论，接着，主要以《伍柳仙宗》和《大成捷要》中所阐述的内丹术为主要依据，综合南北宗和中派的代表性丹经，把清修派内丹术中的所谓&炼心&、&百日筑基&、&七日采大药&、&七日大蛰&、&十月养胎&、&出阳神&、&三年乳哺&和&九年面壁&等基本丹法大要较清晰地呈现出来，同时澄清人们由于对一些术语概念认识不清而导致的误解，如所谓&先性后命&和&先命后性&的区别。

I will endeavour to find you some assistance.

我尽力帮你找人帮忙。

At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。