演替

It was 7.25% in saline algae zone, 31.25% in Scirpus marqueter/Scirpus triqueter zone and 47.06% in reed zone;(3) The avian density undergoes declination with the development of wetland vegetation succession.

对全年不同演替阶段鸟类群落进行相似性比较，芦苇带与海三棱藨草带／藨草带的相似性系数S_1=0.5442，海三棱藨草带／藨草带与盐渍藻类带S_3=0.6182，芦苇带与盐渍藻类带S_2=0.2585。

Result With young elm forest-pumpkin strip intercropping, since the branch tendril covered the gap between pumpkin planting-ditches and elm forest land, the soil moisture was remarkably increased. And the water use efficiency under intercropping increased by 23.7%-163.3% compared with the sole cropping. Elm-pumpkin strip intercropping changed the sequential succession trend of the grasses growing in the gap of the pumpkin planting-ditch, annual grasses became the dominant vegetation, and the feeding nutrient matter content and yield of the annual grasses increased significantly.

榆树幼林与南瓜间作后，瓜蔓覆盖地面，显著提高了南瓜行间和榆树林地的土壤水分含量，林－瓜间作地水分的利用效率较单作提高了23.7%~163.3%；间作改变了南瓜行间杂草群落自然演替的方向，一年生杂草成为优势物种，其饲用营养物质的含量和产量较林带间杂草显著提高。

By using Shannon-Wiener index of niche breadth and Pianka index of niche overlap, this paper studied the niche characteristics of main plant species at different succession stages of vegetation in desert areas of north Gulang County, Gansu Province.

利用Shannon—Wiener生态位宽度公式和Pianka生态位重叠公式，计测分析了甘肃省古浪县北部荒漠植被主要植物种在不同植被演替阶段的生态位宽度和生态位重叠。

According to the situation of plants scarce on soil refuse dump of coal mine,and extremely slow native settlement process of vegetation and ecosystems,soil and the coal-fly-ash have been analysed for the physical and chemical nature.

针对煤矿排土场上植物稀少、植被的自然定居和生态系统的原生演替过程极其缓慢的现状，采用实验分析的方法，初步探索了排土场土壤和粉煤灰的理化性质。

The results show that as the crown density reduces the foresttype diversity increases and as the diversity goes up the stability of stand comes down; that the forest is under regressive succession and its stability now is the lowest; that the growth of spruce and fir trees has obviously a n...

结果表明：该林区的林分类型多样性随郁闭度的降低而增加，林分的稳定性随多样性的增加而降低，林分处于逆向演替过程中，林分的稳定性处于最低限；云、冷杉林与环境因子——海拔之间呈明显的负相关；在高海拔区云、冷彬林十分脆弱，一旦原有种群结构的郁闭度低于0.3，森林的稳定性将被破坏，即使在完全封禁的条件下，25年生的疏林要恢复到有林地状态，需要40年的时间。

Tissue culture plate was proved to be excellent to provide convenient microscopic observation and suitable space for microalgal living.

利用组织培养板方便的显微观测条件和适宜容积提供微藻存活的空间，在不同培养条件下，进行微藻群落演替、及时显微跟踪检测和优势种分离，可以使野外水样初期低生物量种类优势化，以利于纯系种质的获得。

The results showed that the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased in different secondary succession stages from scrub grass to evergreen broad-leaved forests.

结果表明，从灌草丛到常绿阔叶林的不同演替系列群落土壤的有机质、总N、总P含量总体呈逐渐升高的趋势。

With the analysis of the spatial distribution of the density,distinctions and styles of caterings,it concludes that the regional caterings developed in an unbalanced way and its quantity decreased generally from the center to the periphery as a development circle.

从餐饮设施的密度、等级和经营种类空间分布的分析，结果认为，餐饮设施的发展具有地域不均衡性，数量总体上由中心向外围递减，呈圈层式发展；餐饮设施的空间分布与区域经济水平、人口分布因素、交通便捷程度、城市文化传统、空间结构演替等诸多因素有关。

Although forest insects and pathogens cause various detriments,they also make positive contributions to forest succession,material cycling and energy flow,a food source,creating wildlife habitat,etc.,and further,in an ecosystem perspective their contributions are critical to forest biodiversity,soil fertility and long-term forest health and sustainability,so forest managers must consider both the detrimental and beneficial functions of insects and pathogens.

森林昆虫和病原物虽然能引起林木损伤与死亡，但它们在森林演替、物质循环和能量流动、食物来源、创造野生动物生境等方面都作出了积极的贡献，而且在一个生态系统发展前景中，对于森林生物多样性、土壤肥力、森林的长时期健康和稳定性等方面，它们的促成作用也是必不可少的。因此，森林经营者应当考虑昆虫和病原物的害与益的两方面作用。

The main aim of the present study was to address: 1 the photosynthetic characteristics and the biomass allocation traits of spring ephemerals and 2 the relationship between these traits and unique growth pattern of thes.

准噶尔荒漠分布的早春短命植物不仅具有十分独特的生物学特点，而且在荒漠植物群落演替、物种多样性维持及土壤改良与防治水土流失等方面具有重要的生态学价值。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。