漏口

METHODS: In combination with the clinical manifestations, the followings were performed:① quantitative detection with APS-5000 automatic sight apparatus in the Department of Neurological Ophthalmology;② achromatic color clear liquid glucose quantitation in nasal cavity;③ tetrofosmin 99Tcm labeled pentetate acid and stannous chloride ECT leakage imaging;④ cranial CT;⑤ electroencepalogram and brain topographic mapping;⑥ Eysenck personality questionnaire;⑦ Minnseota multiphasic personality inventory;⑧ Symptom checklist;⑨ Wechsler adult intelligence scale-Chinese revised;⑩ clinical memory scale.

结合临床表现进行了①神经眼科APS-5000自动视野仪定量检测；②鼻腔无色透明液体糖定量；③99Tcm标记的亚锡喷替酸ECT漏口显像；④头颅CT；⑤脑电图和脑电地形图；⑥艾森克人格问卷；⑦明尼苏达多相人格调查表；⑧症状自评量表；⑨中国修订韦氏成人智力量表；⑩临床记忆量表的检查。

RESULTS:① No obvious sight defect was detected with the quantitative detection of automatic sight apparatus.② ECT cerebrospinal fluid imaging thought that proximal frontal sinus of right cerebral frontal lobe was the leakage, and the liquid glucose in nasal cavity was quantitatively confirmed to be cerebrospinal fluid.③ Cranial CT showed that cleft could be observed in bilateral frontal lobe and lateral ventricle, low-density gas shadow could be observed in cisterna ambiens, cortex of frontal bone was discontinuous, and bone matrix was trapped.④ ECG showed that right forehead and temple had irregular slow wave, and attack of θ wave. Brain topographic mapping showed that the δ power value of right forehead was increased.⑤ EPQ: The scores of extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, psychoticism and lie were 55, 55, 80 and 50 respectively;⑥ MMPI: The code showed a mode of 69/96, indicating that the brain organ tended to paranoid schizophrenia.

结果：①自动视野仪定量检测未发现明确视野缺损；②ECT脑脊液显像考虑右侧大脑额叶近额窦部为漏口；鼻腔液体糖定量证实是脑脊液；③头颅CT额叶及侧脑室双侧裂，环池见低密度气体影，额骨骨皮质不连续，骨质下陷；④脑电图右额、颞不规则慢波，有θ波发作；脑电地形图：右额δ功率值增高；⑤艾森克人格问卷：内外向分55、神经质分55，精神质分80，掩饰分50；⑥明尼苏达多相人格调查表：编码显示69/96模式，提示脑器质性偏执型精神分裂症；⑦症状自评量表：总分147、阳性项目分37，躯体化、强迫状态、人际关系敏感、焦虑、敌对和其他6项目平均分超过常模。

objective:to investigate the therapeutic action of somatostatin in pancreatic leakage after pancreaticoduodenectomy.methods: to collect 100 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy during 2003～2006,contrast 44 patients use somatostatin after pancreaticoduodenectomy as experimental group,and 56 patients with conventional therapy as control group.results:there were no pancreatic leakage case in the modified group of 44 cases.3 cases complicating pancreatic leakage occurd in control group,and the proportion of pancreatic leakage are different examined by statistic mathord.conclusions:use somatostatin after pd can restrain organism excrete diastase vera,and help anastomotic stoma to concrescent and decrease pancreatic leakage;pancreatic leakage should be treated by different grades,grade 1 can be cured by persistent drainage with somatostatin and nutritional support;grade 2 should be pay more energetic intervention.

作者单位：潍坊医学院，潍坊 261042；潍坊市人民医院肝胆外科，潍坊 261042 目的：探讨生长抑素在胰十二指肠切除术后减少胰漏的作用。方法：收集2003年1月～2006年12月施行pd患者100例，术后应用生长抑素持续泵入病人44例，并与同期施行的pd术后常规应用全肠外营养及抗生素治疗病人56例，结果进行了对比观察。结果：实验组病人44例无1例发生胰漏，对照组56例病人，3例发生不同程度的胰漏，发生率5.3%，统计学比较有显著差异（p＜0.05）。结论： pd后应用生长抑素持续泵入可以抑制胰酶的作用，使胰肠吻合口较好地愈合，从而有效地减少胰漏的发生；胰漏可进行分级治疗，ⅰ级胰漏采用通畅引流为主，同时使用生长抑素和营养支持等治疗多可治愈，ⅱ级胰漏需要积极治疗。

The main problems that the patient suffered from are: 1. The dejecta is leaked to vagina for unknown reason; 2. The break happened in the suture the fifth day after the 3rd duodenostomy surgery, and therefore, the dejecta is out from here instead of the ostomy tube made in the 2nd surgery; 3. A 15-centimeter-long wound by the surgery does not heal for a long time. All these problems could not be solved for a long time. For these reasons, the patient has already suffered from these and stayed in bed for nearly 3 months.

病人现在的主要问题是：一是阴道内出大便，二是第三次手术小肠缝合处在第五天接口崩开，现所有大便从小肠漏口排出，而原直肠造漏口不再有大便排出，三是腹部长约15公分手术刀口一直开敞而不愈合，国内的医生对病人的病情没有解决办法，致使病人已经卧床将近3个月不能下床，每天遭受着病痛的折磨，过着地狱般的生活。

Radionuclide dynamic cisternography plays an important role in assessing whether there is cerebrospinal rhinorrhea and determining the concrete situation of leakage.

结论核素脑池动态显像作为一种简单创伤小的检查手段，对确定有无脑脊液鼻漏和确定具体漏口部位有重要作用。

Results: There were 56 cases of recurrent laryngeal carcinoma having CT findings invaded by multiple laryngeal and neck structcres, palapharyngeal irregular intensified mass that have normal ovenlying mucosa of laryngeal cavity in 23 cases (40%), and are not detectable on endoscopy; ealaged cervical lymph nodes 16 cases (28.6%); thyroid cartilage/cricoid cartilage destraction 3 cases (5.3%); internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein involvement 5 cases (8.9%); cervical vertebral 2 cases (3.6%) and carcinoma of the orifice of tracheotomy in 5 cases (8.9%).

结果：本组56例复发性喉癌以术后多种喉部和颈部组织结构受侵为主要CT表现特征。喉旁不规则强化肿块23例，占40%；颈淋巴结肿大16例，占28.6%；喉软骨破坏3例，占5.3%；颈动脉工鞘受累5例，占8.9%；颈椎骨质破坏2例，占3.6%；气管造漏口癌5例，占8.9%。

Ventilate, air out, air ventage

n。 出口，漏口，空气孔 B2B99收辑整理

Then the muscle pack was placed intradural, and the gelfoam soaked with ZT mucilage was tamponed intra-and extra-dural to support the packing.

结果显微镜下凿开鞍底充分暴露硬膜漏口，向硬膜漏口内填塞肌肉块，无脑脊液流出后，用渍ZT胶的明胶海绵填塞于硬膜漏口的内、外侧和蝶窦腔。

satisfying provision before operation and perfect anastomotic technology play key roles in preventing anastomotic leakage, correct judgement and valid method are premise of cure.irrigation and drainage through presacral double-cavity tube is a simple, safe and less suffering method to treat anastomotic leakage after anus-preserved operation for low rectal cancer.

充分的术前准备和良好的吻合技术是防止吻合口漏发生的关键。正确判断吻合口漏的发生及采用正确的处理方法是治疗的前提，双腔引流管加肛管引流是保守治疗吻合口漏的有效方法。

The U trap should be covered properly in case of blockage by rubbish when doing interior decoration.

客房装修时应将地漏的口封好，避免垃圾物体堵塞地漏管道或者地漏口

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。