滞后的

The formation of martensite is accomplished by the immigration of well-defined glissile interface (121)fcc type and its misfit dislocations can produce the lattice invariant deformation on the basis of phenomenal theory of martensitic crystallography, however, LID is retarded slightly after the migration of interphase (121)fcc, i.e.a thin plate-like zone exists without LID in martensite near the well-defined interface. When the temperature reduces to the Ms point, the lattice parameter of austenite matrix is √3/2 times that of the martensite without LID. This critical condition for spontaneous transformation agrees with that the stack fault energy in matrix is less than zero according to Olson and Cohen's nucleation model.

通过模型分析表明：fcc/bcc马氏体形核与长大过程是通过(121)fcc型择优界面推移进行的，界面上的错配位错可以完成马氏体晶体学唯象理论要求的点阵不变变形，但LID要稍滞后于界面迁移，即在马氏体形核与长大过程中推移界面新相一侧存在一未发生LID的新相薄区；当相变温度达到马氏体相变点Ms时，母相奥氏体与这一薄区的晶格常数比为√3/2，这一几何条件和Olson-Cohen形核模型中要求扩展位错层错区界面能γ≤0是等价的。

In this paper, we discuss the learning control for nonlinear discrete system with delay. It is not necessary to use the desired input corresponding to the desired output and the desired state corresponding to the system in our learning algorithm and in the process of learning control. Therefore, our method needs less dynamics information of the controlled object than previous ones and only the qualitative Lipschitz condition is required.

摘 要：讨论了滞后非线性离散系统的学习控制问题，由于所给的学习算法及学习控制过程中，没有涉及和用到相应于理想输出yd的理想输入ud及对应于系统的理想状态xd，故对被控对象的动力学信息要求得很少，只是一种定性上的Lipschitz条件。

However, due to the influences of the traditional thought pattern and the mainstream media propaganda, as well as the lagging risk education and the lack of relevant systems, the public has limited rational risk consciousness, and their understanding of the risk omnipresence and responsibility to undertake the risk are insufficient.

但由于受传统思维模式、主流传媒宣传的影响，风险意识教育的滞后和相关制度的缺失，公众的风险理性意识程度较低，对风险的跨时空性认识不够，缺乏承担风险责任的主体意识。

Based on all the researches available, this paper simulates a more general ARIMA(0,1,q) process and analyzes the influence of lag length selection criterions to the size and power of the ADF test with different data generating processes, ADF regressions, and sample sizes. Finally, it is proved that the Modified Information Criteria always shows a more proper size and the General to Special Criteria has more robust properties in ADF test.

本文在已有研究的基础上，模拟了更为般的ARIMA(0，1，q)过程，分析了在不同的数据生成过程、检验式以及样本容量下，各种滞后长度选择方法对ADF检验功效和实际检验水平的影响，最后以为修正的信息准则通常具有较合理的实际检验水平，而从般到特殊法具有更为稳健的ADF检验性质。

Since the year of 2006, private equity investment fund has developed greatly. But there are still many problems in its operation and development, such as faultiness of the law and code, the lag of related measures and specific management methods, faultiness of operation mechanism, straitness of capital exit channel, faultiness of supervision system and so on.

自2006年以来，我国私募股权投资基金呈现大规模发展的趋势，但在其运行及发展过程中也存在不少问题，诸如法律法规的不完善，相关配套措施及具体的管理和实施办法的滞后，运行机制的不完善，资本退出渠道的不畅，监管体系的不健全等。

The business revival offered a broad market to the trade. The countries in northwest Europe were relatively lagged and were located in the marginal or submarginal areas of the division of the European market, Byzantine Empire appeared to be fading and faced the interior as well as the exterior circumstances and all these elements gave a upstanding chance to the development of the carrying trade in Italy.

西欧的商业复兴为海外贸易的发展提供了广阔的市场；西北欧国家发展相对滞后并且处于欧洲市场分工的边缘或半边缘地区；拜占庭帝国开始衰落且处于内外交困的境地等，这些都为意大利发展海外贸易提供了良好的机遇。

The first part mainly discussed the intension of the art of lithograph which included the description of the different existent and developmental background of the lithograph at home and abroad,the analysis on the deferent development condition of the lithograph between Chinese and Western which led to the lagging and misunderstanding of the development of the modern lithograph in China,and the further description of the central content of the development of the modern lithograph which is the interdependent relations of "Thingness" and "human nature" by the comparison of technical and artistic quality of the lithograph.

简要叙述了石版画在国内与国外不同的生存和发展背景，分析中、西方石版画艺术发展的差异导致了中国现代石版画发展的滞后现象以及石版画艺术发展中存在的误区；通过对石版画技术与艺术关系的比较，进一步说明"物性"与"人性"的相互依存关系是现代石版画艺术发展的核心。

It complies with the anti-logic of flesh and rises alongside the power of the body, alongside the nerve wave, which sometimes overflows, contracts, speeds up, slows down, overtakes time or falls short of it. It has propelled the body to an unknown territory until it has depleted itself and annihilated the shackles of reasoning and rationality. Such a body is what Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto terms "the body without organs".

它听凭肉身的逻辑，或者说，听凭肉身的非逻辑，听凭身体内部力的起伏，听凭神经波的驱动，这些波有时候外溢，有时候收缩，有时候加速，有时候放慢，有时候超前，有时候滞后，它将整个身体推向了一个不可知的境地，直到它耗尽了全部，并将理性的外壳彻头彻尾地炸毁。

Experimental study is practiced to examine AWJ cutting quality.By changing waterjet pressure and cutting speed,cutting kerf surface quality is studied.By the analysis of AWJ cutting mechanism and cutting process,the thesis explores the specific shape of the cutting section and its mechanism,and believes that the asymmetric distribution of abrasive jet's kinetic energy and jet's deflexion causing the formation of striations,waviness and cuspidate end.However,high-efficient cutting of AWJ could be achieved by...

对磨料水射流的切割质量进行了试验研究，通过改变水射流压力、切割进给速度来研究切割断面质量，对AWJ切割机理和切割过程进行了分析，探讨了AWJ切割断面的形貌特征及其形成机理，认为是射流断面磨料动能的分布不均和射流的偏转滞后造成了AWJ切割断面斜条纹和曲线及尖角处的尖端，提出了两种提高磨料水射流切割质量的方法。

Analyses the main problems on the development of Zhanjiang advantageous industries including: firstly, the agriculture infrastructure is still backward, not power enough to resist the nature disaster; secondly, the agricultural product processing and circulation is still lag behind the situation of the growing economy; thirdly, the agriculture mechanism is low; fourthly, inefficient planting industry; fifthly, it hasn't realized the cross-industry and cross-regional economic recycling; sixthly, some of the aquatic products enterprises haven't got used to the requirements after we joined the WTO; seventhly, the eucalyptus planting plans are not strict, occupied too much area with inflexible management; eighthly, the bottleneck problem of hindering the development of husbandry is accentuated.

在进一步探讨研究的基础上，提出了湛江农业优势产业发展存在的主要问题，包括有（1）农业基础设施落后，抵御自然灾害的能力相对较弱；（2）农产品加工与流通仍滞后，落后于经济发展的形势；（3）农业机械化程度低；（4）种植业生产水平不高；（5）还未能实现跨产业跨区域的循环经济；（6）一些水产品出口企业不适应加入WTO后的形势要求；（7）桉树种植规划性不强、种植面积大，管理不科学；（8）制约畜牧业发展的瓶颈问题突显等。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。