滑移的

Based on this, a new WENO difference scheme which based on Dispersion-Relation-Preserving relation is developed, and representative test cases with this scheme for computational aeroacoustics problems has been implemented and compared in order to test capability of wave capturing; In addition, WENO schemes generally do not converge at high order in the presence of contact discontinuity of Euler equations, so a conservative front tracking technique coupling WENO schemes and Level Set method to simulate the translating density profile is presented here, and numerical simulation with this technique for representative test case has been implemented and results show the desired accuracy.

本文研究了高阶精度加权基本无振荡格式及其在双曲守恒律方程中的应用，在此基础上作了两个方面的工作：一是针对高频声波问题构造出一种基于保色散关系的WENO有限差分格式，并对计算气动声学问题的代表性算例进行了大量数值实验，比较了该格式捕捉波数的能力；另外，针对高阶WENO格式在处理Euler方程的接触间断时精度有所降低的问题，研究了利用界面追踪技术Level Set方法和高阶激波捕捉WENO格式相结合的一种守恒追踪方法，并且给出有代表性的密度滑移面问题的算例，得到一致高阶精度的数值模拟结果。

Results show that with the increase of the apparent gas velocity in the riser,there is little change in negative pressure gradient in the standpipe.

结果表明：随着提升管内表观气速的增加，立管内的负压差梯度变化不大；而随着系统循环量的增加，立管内的负压差梯度以及滑移速度均增大；随着加入热解室内松动气量的增加，立管内尤其是立管上部的压力也随之增大，热解室内无论是移动床流动还是流态化流动均对立管的稳定性影响不大；但当热解室内的压力超过某一值时，立管内的料封很快被破坏，导致系统无法运行。

And the frontal technique is adapted to solve the FE equations. The techniques are studied to deal with the large slip frictional contactproblems between a deflectable body with large deformation and a rigid bodywith flat or curved surface. A new algorithm is presented to resolve such contactproblems, including incremental displacement constraints and force constraints,and the modules are programmed. The performances of tire under static load invertical loading state and camber state are analyzed by this method. And theexperiments were carried out at the same condition as used in analysis process.

研究了大变形柔性体与具有平面及曲面外形刚性体之间的大滑动摩擦接触问题，提出了求解这类接触问题的位移增量约束和主动力增量约束处理方法；编制了大变形柔性体与具有平面及曲面外形刚性体之间的大滑动摩擦接触问题求解模块；利用本文提出的大滑移接触问题处理方法，分析了轮胎在径向静载和静态外倾加载条件下受力和变形，并对部分分析结果进行了试验验证，验证结果表明，本文提出的位移增量约束和主动力增量约束处理接触问题的方法是正确可靠的，而且具有精度高、收敛性好、收敛速度快的优点。

The calculation results shows that ,(1) when the rotor rotates at the working speed, a local regurgitant whirlpool that is rightabout to the rotor"s rotating direction appears in the classifying region, which makes the separated granules come back to the outside of the classification district and influences the classification efficiency of the turbine classifier;(2) in the condition of a low rotating speed of turbo rotor, ultrafine particles can follow the gas phase by and large, but when the rotating speed increases, a phenomenon of velocity slippage between two phases appears evidently;(3) A operating parameter, air flow rate is so important that can directly influence the stability of flow field in classifying chamber, the bigger the air flowrate is , the steadier the flow field is;(4) Compared with straight blades, the new shape of blades with backward crooked elbow are helpful to improve the stability of flow field and form whole stream easily, also beneficial to advance the classification accuracy and classification efficiency;(5) The motion trace of particles are very complicated when the turbo rotor rotates at a high speed, the constant bounce of the particles appear between the blades and the coarse particles are even bounce back from the inlet, only the finer can pass through the classification area from the oulet;(6) Along with the increase of the rotor"s rotating speed, radiah axial and tangential velocity all begain to fluctuate repetitively like sine-wave, the smaller the particles are, the more violently they fluctuates.

数值模拟结果表明，(1)在涡轮达到工作转速时，在分级区域形成了一个与涡轮旋转方向相反的局部回流涡，它使得分离出来的细粒重又被带回分级轮外边缘，从而严重影响分级机的分级效率；(2)粉尘粒子在涡轮低速运动情况下，基本上能跟随气体运动，但随着转速加大，两相之间出现了明显的速度滑移现象；(3)分级机工作时的风量也是一个比较重要的操作参数，它可以直接影响到分级机内腔流场的稳定性，风量越大，流场越稳定；(4)同直叶片形状相比较，带后弯导板的叶片，有利于改善流场的稳定性，流场容易形成整体流，对提高分级效率和分级精度都非常有利；(5)粒子轨迹线在涡轮转速较高时十分复杂，有的出现了反复的弹跳现象，大颗粒不能通过分级区域而从进口返流了，只有细小的颗粒才从出口处流出；(6)涡轮转速加大时，粒子的径向、轴向和切向速率出现了明显的类似于正弦波的脉动现象，颗粒越小，脉动程度越为剧烈。

And destruction usually occurs on angle.(2)Around the keyhole, the stress centralizes, column" edge opt to inflects in local.(3)The change of friction coefficients or bolt pretension forces can"t affect the performance of top-and-seat angel connections so much.(4)The parameters of angel influence joints performance greatly.

破坏一般是由于顶角钢上应力过大，形成塑性铰而导致的；(2)柱翼缘在与顶角钢相连的螺栓孔周围，存在应力集中，容易导致局部屈曲；(3)材料抗滑移系数的改变和螺栓预拉力的大小对于节点受力性能的影响并不明显；(4)角钢参数的改变对节点的各项性能影响显著，增加角钢厚度，节点的强度、刚度和延性都能得到明显的提高；增加角钢长度，节点的强度和刚度也有较大的提高，延性则略有下降；(5)柱轴压比过大时，节点的承载力、刚度以及变形能力明显下降；(6)螺栓中心线到角钢肢背距离增大时，节点的强度和刚度有所下降，但延性略有增加。

Results showed that the ductility of bolt splice is much better than welds, weaker splice joints develop larger plastic deformation, slipping between faying surfaces, bearing of bolts to hole surfaces and buckling of splicing plates are all ideal energy dissipation mechanism.

试验结果表明：螺栓拼接节点的延性远好于梁柱焊缝连接；较弱的拼接节点产生较大的塑性变形；接触面的滑移、螺栓与孔壁的挤压和翼缘拼接板的屈曲都具有良好的耗能能力。

The test result has been described and the causes of differential subsidence on the bottom of test pit have been analyzed from two aspects (deformation of loess collapse and slip and subside of wet soil mass along fracture). On this basis, the article summarized that Surface water and ground fracture in the activities is to promote mutual interaction.

通过对试验的几种不同沉降关系曲线和试坑沉降变形等值线图的描述，文章从可能引起试坑产生不均匀沉降变形的两个方面(黄土湿陷变形、浸湿土体沿裂缝滑移下陷)作了探讨，得出地表水与地裂缝的活动是相互促进相互影响的关系。

The test has been done to simulate the movement of ground fracture after surface water soaking in. The test result has been described and the causes of differential subsidence on the bottom of test pit have been analyzed from two aspects (deformation of loess collapse and slip and subside of wet soil mass along fracture).

通过对试验的几种不同沉降关系曲线和试坑沉降变形等值线图的描述，文章从可能引起试坑产生不均匀沉降变形的两个方面黄土湿(来源：ABC论4c文网www.abclunwen.com陷变形、浸湿土体沿裂缝滑移下陷作了探讨，得出地表水与地裂缝的活动是相互促进相互影响的关系。

The transformation of the yaw moment under differential brake and the impact of the slip ratio and road surface friction coefficient to the yaw moment were analyzed. The distribution method of the brake force was confirmed. After analyzing the observability of the control system, the state observer was designed, the evaluation of the side slip angle was completed and result of the evaluation wan validated.

本文分析了差动制动时整车横摆力矩的变化情况，研究了滑移率和路面摩擦系数对横摆力矩的影响，确定了制动力的分配原则，进行了控制系统的可观性分析，并设计了状态观测器，完成了质心侧偏角的估算并对此估算结果进行了验证。

QL have the same height as the chain after it connected, so the surface will be smooth. Beside, the heights of chutes are the same, the interval become smaller. The safety is higher than before. Moreover, we add the special tenons on the up and down each side, which can make the QL safer. Those special skills ensure the safety and won't be slipped under the normality.

QL 安全扣在组装后与链条为同等高度，故其小轴不会有凸出的问题，且因全部滑移面高度相同，故其间隙会变小，增加其安全性；另在 QL 安全扣的小径部两侧增设多重的卡掣块，形成多重保护，在正常使用的状态下无脱落的可能性，确保其使用上的安全性。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐