滑移

In studies of interaction among pile, platform that above it and surrounding soil, this paper employ the concept of plate element to simulate the loading character of platform, and employ the concept of solid element to simulate the character of pile and soil, using the finite element method after understanding the geometry properties of pile, soil and the platform. Analyzing the loading properties of the three entities above and their deformation, this paper also employ a special element, Penalty Element. The introduction of penalty element of this kind has served to guarantee the join harmony of displacement between solid element and plate element, thereby effectively resolving the join problem between platforms, pile that support it and surrounding soil.Considering significant property difference between pile material and its surrounding soil, there may be much shear stress on their contact interface produced under vertical load, thus causing displacement or fission. Therefore it is necessary to adopt one special constitutive law of this kind of contact interface, which can reflect its feature of loading and deformation thoroughly. On the basis of the deformation feature and constitutive laws of some contact interface obtained by Zhang Dongji and people concerned through some single-shear experiments on contact interface between structure and soil, this paper employ one pile-soil three-dimensional constant thickness contact interface model to simulate the " slide" taken place on the interface between pile and its surrounding soil. With this kind model, this paper has also created one finite element model, which can be applied to perform finite element calculation and analyze the pile-loading feature, and deduced its element stiffness matrix.

在承台-桩-土共同作用中，考虑桩与承台的几何特性，采用有限元方法，用实体单元模拟桩土，用板单元模拟承台，更具体地分析桩和承台的受力特性和变形，而且还采用罚单元—既实体单元与板单元之间连接必须满足变形协调条件，来有效地解决了承台与桩土的连接问题，且在桩土共同作用中，由于桩体结构的材料性能与周围土层性质相差较大，在竖向荷载下有可能在其接触面上产生较大的剪应力从而导致错动或开裂，因此，为了充分反映桩土接触面上的受力及变形特征，应采用一种桩土接触面特有的本构关系，即利用张冬霁等人关于结构与土体接触面单剪试验所得到的接触面变形特征及其本构关系，引入桩-土三维等厚度接触单元来模拟桩与桩侧土之间的&滑移&，在此基础上建立可用于桩基承载性状分析的有限元计算单元模型，并推导出了各单元的刚度矩阵。

According to investigation results of slippage damage between base course and surface course in semi-rigid base asphalt pavements , damage characteristics and causations are analyzed , preliminary countermeasures are put forward ; Based on elastic multi-layer theory with Bisar programme used as calculation tool , shearing strength between base course and surface course and its influencing factors and regulations are analyzed ; DLG-A testing instrument is self-developed , through contrast tests and orthogonal experiments , skidresistance ability between base course and surface course is researched under conditions of different base courses , surface courses , gradations , disposal measures and temperature conditions .

论文根据半刚性基层沥青路面基面层滑移病害的调查结果，分析了病害特征和原因，提出了初步对策；以弹性层状体系理论为基础，以Bisar程序为计算工具，分析了基面层间剪应力以及影响基面层间剪应力的因素和规律；自行开发了DLG-A路面材料剪切试验仪，通过对比试验和正交试验，研究了不同基层和面层类型和级配、层间处理措施以及温度条件下的基面层间抗剪切能力，在此基础上。

Still another kind of force,which seems to make the layers or molecules of a material slide or slip on one another,is a shearing force.

还有另一种力，它似乎能使材料的各层次或分子间相互滑移，这就是剪切力。

If the compressive and tensile forces are greater enough to make the layers of the material slide upon each other,a shearing force results.

如果压缩力和拉伸力足够大，使得材料的各层次间相互滑移，那么就产生了剪切力。

The deformation failure of the tunnel mainly presented as bending deformation and avalanche at the arch top and avalanche slip deformation at the arch foot, the self-stability is usually good.

隧洞的变形破坏主要表现为顶拱的拉张弯曲变形和崩塌及拱脚的崩塌滑移变形，一般自稳性较好。

Result 2TYB-450 rice seedling seeder adopted the synchronous driving wheel, the equipment for vibrating and homogeneous sowing and the guiding sowing plate with seed box cross, so it didn't slip when driving and had high eligible ratio of sowing, good effect of filling seeds, less sowing seed number per seedling area and high working stability, with the sowing eligible ratio of 68.67%, the sowing blank-hole ratio of 1.89% and the sowing seed number per seedling area of 4.19. The working performance of 2FBS-840 seeder was next and that of MR-BZ840A seeder was worst.

结果］2TYB-450型播种机采用同步驱动轮、振动匀种装置、种箱交叉导种板，驱动不滑移，播种合格率高，充种效果好，每取秧面积播种粒数少，工作稳定性高，其播种合格率为68.67%，空格率为1.89%，每取秧面积播种粒数4.19；2FBS-840型播种机的作业性能次之，MR-BZ840A型播种机的最差。

It is common practice to use the same distal locking screw of the nail if this surgery is performed, however, there is a risk of the new drill hole "cutting out" into the old screw hole.

如果手术已经完成，一般会利用相同的远端锁钉，但是，有可能这个新的锁钉孔滑移进入原有的锁钉孔。

In responding to the problems identified, a countermeasure of bolt-mesh-anchor-shotcrete + floor-bolt + truss coupling supporting is proposed, namely using shotcrete to seal surrounding rock, bolt-mesh support to release deformation energy, floor bolt to transfer floor heave plastic slippage force, anchor-truss support to control the deformation of surrounding rock. Therefore, the effective deformation control of deep high stressed soft rock roadway can be achieved.

为此，提出了锚网喷＋锚索＋底角锚杆＋桁架耦合支护对策，即通过喷层封闭围岩，锚网柔性支护释放变形能，底角锚杆转移底臌塑性滑移作用力，锚索＋桁架支护控制围岩整体变形，从而实现对高应力巷道围岩变形的有效控制。

A method of identifying road adhesion coefficient based on wheel slip ratio is investigated in this paper.

文中通过仿真研究探索了一种基于车轮滑移率的路面附着系数识别方法。

In a high speed corner, you can usually make the rear end start to slide by turning one way under power, lifting off, and then quickly turn the other way, so you are making a 'feint' the opposite way before you go round the corner.

在一个高速转角时，你一般可以使一边失去动力，使这边升高，然后迅速转向另一边，来使后轮率先滑移，其实在你过弯前做了一个'假'的相对路线。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。