滑移

Based on the sliding response theory of the free-standing equipment, the differential equation of motion of the free-standing equipment under seismic excitations is presented. The equation is solved by Runge-Kutta algorithm, therefore the absolute acceleration, relative velocity and relative displacement of the equipment can be obtained. The sequential coulomb friction model is applied to the analysis.

以前人研究建立的浮放设备滑移反应分析理论为基础，给出了浮放设备在水平和竖向地震输入下滑移反应运动微分方程，选取连续型的库仑摩擦力模型，采用Runge-Kutta法求解浮放设备地震滑移反应运动微分方程，可以得到浮放设备在地震作用下的绝对加速度、相对速度和相对位移反应时程。

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

The braking efficiency is a main performance index in aircraft antiskid braking systems, the author studies the relationship between control accuracy and braking efficiency, so that we may design antiskid braking systems by means of braking efficiency directly, and this is the second creative point.

针对一种常用的描述结合系数和滑移率函数关系的表达式，研究了最佳滑移率、结合系数最大值和机轮抱死时的结合系数与该关系式中三个参数取值范围之间的联系，细化了这些参数的取值范围，减轻了应用迭代法求参数具体值的计算工作量。

The multistage construction analysis method has been successfully used to simulate the whole erection process of a 102m-span barrel vault grid structure and a 118m-span double-layer spherical reticulated shell.

并运用多阶段施工全过程跟踪数值理论进行了两算例分析：某102m跨度大型柱面网壳结构的累积滑移施工与支架滑移施工的理论模拟，某118m跨度双层球面网壳结构悬臂施工的全过程理论分析。

The feature of typical multiple rotational loess landslides is: large scale, deep sliding face, three-five sliding face cascades, single landslide with the "plough" structural character of behind high and sheer-middle subdued-front tilt. The main formation mode of landslide is creeping-sliding-tensile fracturing. The failure modes contain extensive rotation sliding, digressive rotation sliding and compound rotation sliding.

2典型多级旋转型黄土滑坡特征表现为：规模大、滑带深、3-5级滑面分层叠置、单个滑面成后缘高陡-中部平缓-前缘微翘的"犁式"结构特征；其变形破坏方式表现为：蠕滑-滑移-拉裂-块体滑动-旋转-逐级扩展，其扩展方式主要包括：扩展式旋转滑动、渐灭式旋转滑动和复合式旋转滑动。

This is one main difference between slip and climb, since slip is caused by only shear stress.

这是攀移与滑移在力学影响上的主要差别，因为滑移是由剪应力而非正应力促成的。

In this mode,l a grid- section model is introduced to determine the sectional tangent stiffness of reinforced concrete beam element and analyze its degeneration process, and three-node friction-sliding tendon elements are employed to analyze the friction and sliding of external tendons at deviators or sliding blocks.

引入分块截面模型确定钢筋混凝土梁单元截面的切线刚度和分析其退化过程，采用三节点摩擦滑移预应力筋单元分析体外预应力筋在转向块或滑块处的摩擦滑移效应。

The RaoYang stripping and gliding nappes can be divided into different belts in north-south direction and different zones in east-west direction.

饶阳拆离滑覆体具有南北分带、东西分区的基本特征，其发生时间在早第三纪末和晚第三纪沉积之前，滑移方向主体为北西西向，滑移距离在6KM左右，地温场反映拆离滑覆构造发育区地温剃度低而稳定。

Pure water and acidrain could transform the partial slip regime of steels (45# steel, GCr15 steel and 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel) to small displacement amplitude, resulting in a wide mixed regime and gross slip regime.

纯净水和酸雨介质改变了三种钢的微动运行区域，使部分滑移区向小位移方向移动，混合区和滑移区变宽：海水使0Cr18Ni9钢的部分滑移区向小位移方向移动，但对45~#和GCr15钢的微动运行区域无明显影响。

Phase-lagged cyclic boundary condition is implemented by a novel method in conjunction with the developed sliding interface technique to accurately simulate the arbitrary pitch ratio rotor/stator interaction without any modifications of the physics of the problem. It's for the first time to compose the computational area into one structured grids including both rotor/stator of centrifugal or axial turbomachinery with arbitrary pitch ratio. This method can eliminate the iteration of boundary conditions on the sliding interface and calculate the unsteady flow within rotor and stator simultaneously.

为了能够在较小的计算区域内不改变叶型而真实地反映出任意栅距比时的内部非定常流场，并避免近似仍采用相位后滞周期性条件，结合本文发展的网格技术，给出了一种新的实施方法，首次将动、静叶片数不等的离心式/轴流式叶轮机械转子、静子计算区域组合在一套结构化计算网格中，动/静叶排间的滑移界面完全按内场处理，避免了每一时层内，滑移界面处边界条件的迭代计算；并保证了每一时层，滑移界面处流动参数的守恒特性。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。