滋养细胞

Objective: TO explore the molecular mechanism of the components of milkvitch-red sage compound elevating placenta blood supply from the point of view of invading by nutrient cells languishment, formation of placental decidual vas net, endurance mechanism and languishment of nutrient cells.

目的：从滋养细胞侵入、胎盘蜕膜血管网络形成、妊娠免疫监视／耐受机制、滋养细胞凋亡等角度，研究探讨黄芪、丹参复方成分提高胎盘血供的分子机制；方法：分离提取黄芪，丹参有效组分（黄芪总皂甙、总黄酮；丹参提取丹参酮、丹参醌、丹参酸三部分）。

Objective To study the relationship between postdate labor and the trophoblast apoptosis by observing the expression of Survivin protein in the trophoblasts of placenta.

目的 通过观察过期妊娠患者凋亡抑制蛋白Survivin在胎盘滋养细胞层的表达，探讨滋养细胞凋亡与过期妊娠的关系。

Epidermal growth factor has an important positively influence on cytotrophoblast invasion, while Transform growth factor-β〓 has a negative influence.

如表皮生长因子为一种强的促有丝分裂因子，对滋养细胞侵蚀有促进作用；而转化生长因子-β为免疫细胞抑制因子，对滋养细胞侵蚀有抑制作用。

MMP2 and MMP-9 play an important role in the modulation of thophoblast invasion, and their expression is difference in difference stage of first trimester pregnancy, these provided experiment basement for deeply investigation action of MMPs in the mechanism of cytotrophoblast invasion.

MMP-2和MMP-9在调节滋养细胞浸润过程中起重要作用，且在早孕不同时期，二者表达不同，为深入探讨MMPs在滋养细胞浸润机制中的作用提供理论基础。

Results The positive signal of HLA-G expression were showed in all placentas of nomal pregnant women within villus and cytoplasma of syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast.

结果 正常妊娠早期、晚期孕妇胎盘母胎界面均有？HLA-G mRNA的阳性表达，阳性表达位于绒毛内外细胞滋养细胞，以及合体滋养细胞的胞浆内。

PPARγ plays an imporlant role in the modulaltion of thophoblst invasion. PPARγ ligands can inhibit invasion through down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions, these provide experiment basement for deeply investigation of PPARγ ligands in the mechanism of cytotrophoblast invasion.

PPARγ在调节滋养细胞浸润过程中起重要作用，而且其作用可能是通过调节MMP-2和MMP-9的表达实现的，为深入探讨PPARγ及其配体在滋养细胞浸润机制中的作用提供实验基础。

Through upregulating the production of MMPs in deciduas and chorionic villi, the upregulation of the expression of EMMPRIN in syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast column of the villi in the threatened abortion can degenerate deciduas and denudates embryo.

发生先兆流产时合体滋养细胞、细胞滋养层柱所表达的EMMPRIN增强可能通过上调绒毛及蜕膜组织中基质金属蛋白酶的水平，降解细胞外基质，使绒毛剥离、蜕膜组织剥脱。

From the early study of the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia people have found its association with immunological function . In 1986 Ellis et al[1] had found that the extravillous chorionic cytotrophoblast contacting with the maternal tissue expressed high levels of Human leukocyte antigen-G, a major histocompatibility tissue-specific antigen . Extravillous chorionic cytotrophoblast with high levels expression of HLA-G proteins can invade the maternal deciduas and the maternal spiral arteries by displacing the endothelial lining and destroying most of the musculoelastic tissue of these arteries .

早期研究开始，许多学者即发现其与免疫学有密切关系，至1986年Ellis等[1]发现人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen，HLA) G分子高度表达在绒毛外滋养层细胞( extravillous cytotrophoblast，EVCT)上，即浸润至子宫蜕膜层甚至达子宫浅肌层以及子宫螺旋动脉内皮层，与母血及子宫组织直接接触的滋养细胞，这种独特的组织分布提示HLA-G分子在母胎免疫耐受方面起重要作用。

This study firstly discover and denounced that hCG is not only an important endocrine hormone in pregnancy, but also an important autocrine hormone for trophocyte and JAR cell. It directly influence cellular proliferation and endocrine function of JAR or trophoblastic cells.

六、本研究首次揭示并提出了hCG不仅是重要的妊娠期内分泌激素，而且对于JAR细胞而言，可能也适合正常妊娠滋养细胞，hCG是重要的自分泌激素，直接影响JAR细胞或滋养细胞的生长增殖与内分泌功能，可能也是必须的在局部产生作用的自分泌激素之一。

From this study, hCG is a autocrine hormone for trophocyte, as a kind of autocrine hormone, hCG regulate trophoblastic tumor strain JAR cellular 〓 and P secretion at least in vitro.

从本研究结果看，hCG对滋养细胞而言也是一种自分泌激素，作为一种自分泌激素，至少调节着滋养细胞肿瘤细胞株JAR细胞的〓、P的分泌。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。