滋养的

Objective To screen the protective antigen of G.intestinalis and set the foundation for immune reseach of vaccine. Methods The trophozoite antigens were obtained with in vitro culture system of Giardia lamblia Stile. After further separation, purification and activity verification, the antigens were used to immunize the BALB/C mice divided into different groups,then indexes associated with immunity were determined. Through challenge infection, the most protective antigenic component of G.intestinalis were selected based on its anti-infection ability.

目的 筛选蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫的保护性抗原，免疫疫苗的研制奠定基础方法利用已建立的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体体外培养系统，获取滋养体抗原，并进步分离、纯化、活性鉴定；然后分组免疫小鼠，检测相关免疫指标；再行攻击感染试验，视其抗感染能力，筛选出保护性强的抗原组分。

As we know that human placentalsyncytiotrophoblast cell derlves from the fused cytotrophoblast cell and fetal calfserum can be able to induce the term placental cytotrophoblast cell fusion in vitro.

妊娠过程中，合体滋养层细胞分泌的hCG可促进卵巢黄体和胎盘分泌孕酮，在维持妊娠中起着重要的作用；然而未分化的细胞滋养层细胞不能合成hCGβ。

The results from flow cytometry assay showed that the low concentrations of LIF had the ability to shift cytotrophoblast differentiation towards a syncytial pathway, while the high concentrations of LIF towards a invasive pathway.

细胞流式仪结果表明低浓度的LIF可促进绒毛合胞体滋养层的分化，高浓度的LIF可促进绒毛外侵入性滋养层细胞的分化。

PPARγ plays an imporlant role in the modulaltion of thophoblst invasion. PPARγ ligands can inhibit invasion through down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions, these provide experiment basement for deeply investigation of PPARγ ligands in the mechanism of cytotrophoblast invasion.

PPARγ在调节滋养细胞浸润过程中起重要作用，而且其作用可能是通过调节MMP-2和MMP-9的表达实现的，为深入探讨PPARγ及其配体在滋养细胞浸润机制中的作用提供实验基础。

The expression of subunits α5,β1,β3 was detected in normal morulas and increased in blastocysts. The expression of subunit α1 was not detected in morulas or blastocysts, but detected only in outgrowing trophocytes. 3. Expression of integrin β3 in irradiated group embryos was weaker than that of normal group. There was no expression of integrin α1 both in morulas and blastocysts in irradiated group and no difference in the expression of subunits α5 and β1 between these two groups.

结果：1、超声波照射组胚胎贴附率、滋养细胞外延生长率均显著低于正常胚胎。2、正常胚胎桑椹胚期即有α5、β1、β3整合素表达，而无α1表达；囊胚期α5、β1、β3表达增强，仍无α1表达；α1只出现在外延生长的滋养细胞。3、超声波照射组胚胎β3整合素的表达明显弱于正常组，且未见α1表达；而α5、β1的表达两组间无差异。

It was found that only few log-phase trophozoites were labeled by means of C6-NBD-ceramide, however, most of the encysting trophozoites were labeled in perinuclear region.

结果 极少数蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体被C6-NBD神经酰胺标记；多数处于成囊6、12、18h时段的虫体均可见被特异标记成亮绿色的核周围区域。golgin245和Rab1在滋养体及成囊诱导6、12、24h的虫体中的表达水平无显著变化。

To explore the existence and dynamic changes of the Golgi body-like structure in the log-phase and encysting trophozoites (6, 12, 18 hours) of Giardia lamblia, these trophozoites were stained with C6-NBD ceramide, a specific marker for Golgi body in eukaryotic cells, and then they were observed with fluorescence microscopy.

目的 探讨类高尔基体结构在蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体和成囊不同时段的存在情况及其动态变化机理。方法用可特异性标记真核细胞高尔基体的荧光染料C6-NBD神经酰胺，标记有活性的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体及成囊6、12、18h虫体，并用荧光显微镜观察。

The a -Gal remarkably positive staining was appeared in membrane and plasm on ES cell, but nuclear is negative. It indicates that we must pay attention to HAR in cell xenotransplantation, especially differentiation ES cell in vivo.

筛选过程中在选择性培养基中添加LIF和BMP一2替代滋养层细胞，发现ES细胞的生长没有受到影响，提示在做基因敲除胚胎干细胞的筛选中可以不需要制备Nco抗性的滋养层细胞。

Inthe whole process, the oocytes, nurse cell and follicle cell morphology change. Inoocyte yolk formation and growth, the number of its nuclear trophoblast cell nucleoli,lamphrush chromosome with a strong synthetic material; oocytes also some syntheticmaterial; follicle cells in the yolk protein synthesis, provide access to exogenous yolkprotein.

在卵子发生的整个过程中，卵母细胞、滋养细胞及滤泡细胞形态均有明显变化；在卵母细胞生长及卵黄形成期，滋养细胞核内的多核仁现象、灯刷染色体与旺盛的物质合成有关；卵母细胞本身也合成一些物质；滤泡细胞参与卵黄蛋白的合成，并为外源性卵黄蛋白提供通道。

In the past, the diatom-rich blooms nourished the tiny animals that in turn nourished the babies of spring-spawning fish such as perch, which hatch around mid-June.

在过去，富含硅藻的花期滋养了微生物，微生物又滋养了春季产卵的鱼类幼崽，比如在六月中旬产卵的河鲈。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。